基于复杂系统理论的企业网络组织演化分析

现有企业网络组织的相关研究主要集中在对网络组织治理机制等问题的探讨,缺乏对企业网络演化过程的分析。本文借鉴复杂系统理论的相关成果,研究发现企业组织经历了从M型到网络组织的非线性演化过程,在此过程中网络组织间非线性的协同作用,构成了企业网络组织这一自系统的多样性,这为组织不断的进化创造了条件。网络组织的产生是一个自组织的过程,是市场与企业这两种治理机制相互渗透促成了网络组织这一特殊形态,而且这种渗透力决定了网络组织的发展路径与方向。本文的结论对于企业网络组织的演化过程和网络组织的管理具有一定的理论价值和实践指导意义。     

管理学视角的企业网络组织分析

本文分析了企业网络组织的产生背景 ,阐述了网络组织的内涵和特征 ,在典型网络组织形态分析的基础上 ,提出了我国建立网络组织的参考建议。     

论供应链的网络组织特性

基于网络组织理论的视角，分析了供应链的网络组织特性。提出供应链成员关系符合网络组织最基本的关系特征，具备网络组织的构成要素，供应链就是一种网络组织。     

网络组织核心企业领导力与网络组织效率关系研究

因为网络组织对环境的适应性强于科层组织,所以越来越多的学者开始关注网络组织效率的研究,然而有关网络组织的运行效率,多是以契约机制为基础展开的.本文以非契约机制为研究视角,界定了网络组织核心企业领导力,采用结构方程的研究方法,探讨了网络组织核心企业领导力对网络组织效率的促进作用.研究得到以下结论:网络组织领导力正向促进网络组织信任形成、网络组织领导力以合作稳定为中介变量间接促进网络组织效率.     

组织间信任对网络组织效率的影响——基于交易成本和交易收益的双重视角

网络组织是介于市场与企业科层组织之间的一种治理结构。信任被认为是决定网络组织效率的关键因素之一,构成了网络组织的治理运作基础。本文通过对80家企业的大样本问卷调查,研究了网络成员间信任对网络组织效率的影响。检验结果表明:善意信任对于增加网络组织成员间的交易收益和减少网络组织成员间的交易成本均具有正向促进作用;能力信任对于增加网络组织成员间的交易收益具有正向促进作用,而对减少网络组织成员间的交易成本的促进作用不显著。     

用于网络信息组织的分类体系研究

随着信息技术和信息网络的迅速发展,如何对网络信息资源进行科学的组织管理成为一大热点。文章研究了传统文献分类法和网络自编分类法在网络信息资源组织中的应用现状,并探讨了文献分类法用于组织网络信息的局限性。     

网络组织管理初探

近 2 0年来 ,有关网络组织的研究受到了广泛的关注。学者们从经济学、管理学和社会学的角度对网络组织的涵义、表现形式、运行机制、管理模式等各个层面进行了大量的研究。由于网络组织是介于一体化企业和市场之间的一种中间组织形式 ,因此 ,网络组织管理的目标 ,是使网络组织兼具市场交易的灵活性和企业内部层级管理的相对稳定性 ,以提高整个网络组织的竞争力 ,更有效地应对当今及未来急剧变化的市场挑战。这是网络组织能否保持持久生命力的关键。一、协调和统一成员企业的目标网络组织作为一种组织 ,实际上表示了一种统一的目的 ,因而意味…     

物流网络组织及其形成驱动因素分析

对企业网络组织理论、物流组织演进过程、现代物流企业的研究可以发现,物流企业的组织结构正在向网络组织方向发展,目前物流企业的组织形态正在从单个的企业组织,逐渐向供应链思想下的链状的合作组织过渡,并将最终走向网状联盟的物流网络组织.本文在阐述物流网络组织概念的基础上,着重探讨了物流网络组织产生的驱动因素.     

网络组织的危机管理过程研究

网络组织的特性决定了危机管理是保证其有效运作的一项必要职能。文章首先界定了网络组织危机管理的含义,然后详细阐述了网络组织危机管理过程三个阶段的主要活动。     

模块化网络组织风险及其生成机理——以文献分析为视角

随着信息技术的迅猛发展,"模块化"受到理论界的重视。模块化网络组织在提高效率的同时,也会由于其自身的某种属性而陷入困境,严重者导致模块化网络组织失败。对国内外关于模块化网络组织风险的研究进行了综述,认为关于模块化网络组织风险的相关研究可以归纳为二条主线:一是研究模块化网络组织风险的形成途径;二是基于虚拟价值链-知识链的角度研究模块化网络组织的风险。     

Optimal pest control in agriculture

Based on economic methodology we model an ecosystem with two species in predator–prey relationship: mice feed on grain and grain feeds on a resource. With optimizing behavior of individual organisms a short-run ecosystem equilibrium is defined and characterized that depends on the farmer's use of fertilizer and pesticide and on the mice population which, in turn, is affected by pesticides. In that way, a microfounded agricultural production function is derived. Linking a sequence of short-run ecosystem equilibria yields the growth function of the mice population which is thus derived rather than assumed. In each period the farmer harvests all grain in excess of some given amount of seed. If she maximizes her present-value profits, optimal farming is characterized by either using no pesticide or a moderate amount of pesticide or by applying a chattering control. Pest eradication is never optimal. On the other hand, if the farmer takes into account steady-state mice populations only, it may be optimal to eradicate mice or to use no or a moderate amount of pesticide depending on prices as well as on the shape of the grain production function which is determined by microparameters of grain reproduction.     

HRM and Indian epistemologies: A review and avenues for future research

India is emerging as a super power, slated to be among the world's five largest economies and viewed by international investors, business conglomerates and tertiary education providers as a land of opportunity. A database search since the opening up of the Indian economy in 1991 reveals a slowly increasing number of scholarly articles on HRM, with a steep rise from the year 2000 onwards. While it is acknowledged that the field of HRM is a broad area, there is currently a dearth of research in specific HRM practices and policies in India to warrant a focus on only one area. Hence the primary objective of this article is to present a scholarly survey of important research literatures in the area of HRM in India, and to offer avenues for future research. To this end this article garners, integrates and discusses research on HRM in India with a focus primarily on the past fifteen years. It is within this complexity that research on India and its workforce is presented by illuminating HRM as embedded in the Indian environment with its intricate epistemologies and transitions in a period of dynamic change.     

Are the effects of minimum wage on the labour market the same across countries? A meta-analysis spanning a century

The effects of the minimum wage (MW) on the labour market have been studied for almost a century, but the results remain inconsistent. To review what is known until now, a global, multilingual database of 588 articles on MW effects is constructed spanning more than a century, from 1900 to 2020. Most of the studies belong to developed countries, and less than a third come from developing countries. The most researched subject during the period under review is the impact of the MW on employment, but the evidence is mixed independently of the country studied. Consequently, it is only possible to perform a meta-regression to suitably evaluate the impact of the MW on employment according to the number of studies collected on this topic. The meta-regression model is useful to explain the reasons for these differences. For this purpose, recently developed meta-analysis methods are implemented distinguishing between developed and developing countries. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that reviews articles on the effect of MW without limits on the analysis period, the variables relative to the labour market or the countries under consideration. The results show a negative publication bias for developed countries but not for developing countries. The impact of the MW on employment is negative in both groups, adjusting for that bias. This adverse effect is small but robust. Characteristics related to the control variables, the demographic groups concerned, the methods implemented and the inclusion of local fixed effects, trend or time dummies account for the estimated employment effect. Public policy recommendations are proposed based on the studies reviewed.     

Descriptive statistics of large data sets by scatter plots, an exploratory approach

In the analysis of large tables of M variables on N observations one is interested in the relations between the variables and it is usual to inspect the M(M-1)/2 scatter plots of N points. Clearly, the scatter plot approach relies on visual inspection and is to be preferred in so far as applicable to detect simple relations, namely when M is small. Other approaches are needed for large values of M .
We consider that only the relatively few scatter plots that present a 'structure' are of interest for an exploratory analysis and, by 'structure', we mean a domain of specially high local density in the plot. Based on this concept, we propose a method constructed around two steps: the selection of the possibly interesting pairs of variables and the validation of the corresponding scatter plots. The selection of the pairs results from an algorithm based on a binary partitioning tree. The validation of the corresponding scatter plots enables the production of only those where a structure is found the recognition of a structure is derived from a statistic based on the length of the Minimum Spanning Tree constructed on the N points of the candidate scatter plot.
For illustration, we report on an industrial application where the method is routinely applied for exploratory purposes.     

The Returns to Education: Microeconomics

In this paper we focus on education as a private decision to invest in "human capital" and the estimation of the rate of return to that private investment. While the literature is replete with studies that estimate the rate of return using regression methods where the estimated return is obtained as the coefficient on a years of education variable in a log wage equation that contains controls for work experience and other individual characteristics, the issue is surrounded with difficulties. We outline the theoretical arguments underpinning the empirical developments and show that the evidence on private returns to the individual is compelling. Despite some of these issues surrounding the estimation of the return to schooling, our evidence, based on estimates from a variety of datasets and specifications, is that there is an unambiguously positive effect on the earnings of an individual from participation in education. Moreover, the size of the effect seems large relative to the returns on other investments.     

Proper preferences and quasi-concave utility functions

It is shown that preferences which are continuous, convex and uniformly proper [Mas-Colell (1983)] on the positive cone of a Banach lattice can be represented by a quasi-concave utility function which is defined on a larger domain with non-empty interior. This utility function may be chosen to be either upper or lower semi-continuous on its domain, and continuous at each point of the positive cone. Conversely, any preference relation on the positive cone which is monotone and arises from such a utility function is shown to satisfy a condition which is slightly weaker than uniform properness but which (in the presence of appropriate compactness assumptions) is sufficient to establish the existence of quasi-equilibria. An example is presented to illuminate the role played by the uniformity requirement.     

Agreement between an isolated rater and a group of raters

The agreement between two raters judging items on a categorical scale is traditionally assessed by Cohen's kappa coefficient. We introduce a new coefficient for quantifying the degree of agreement between an isolated rater and a group of raters on a nominal or ordinal scale. The group of raters is regarded as a whole, a reference or gold-standard group with its own heterogeneity. The coefficient, defined on a population-based model, requires a specific definition of the concept of perfect agreement. It has the same properties as Cohen's kappa coefficient and reduces to the latter when there is only one rater in the group. The new approach overcomes the problem of consensus within the group of raters and generalizes Schouten's index. The method is illustrated on published syphilis data and on data collected from a study assessing the ability of medical students in diagnostic reasoning when compared with expert knowledge.     

浅论区域金融发展与经济增长

金融活动主要作用在于分配资金。而在资金存量与流量的相互作用上,它首先作用于资金流量,进而再作用于资金存量。通过此传递过程,区域金融发展对经济增长起到重要作用。而回归分析结果显示:从我国银行组织体系看,我国银行体系还是一个封闭的体系;从我国信用配给看,由于目前我国金融体系还处于新旧交替的转型期,转型期的信用配给制度处于计划型和市场型之间的一种混合型金融配给制度。在过去几年间,我国股票市场发展对经济增长的作用是相当有限的。     

思想道德教育与生活方式教育一体化的新构想——新形势下大学生思想道德教育问题和对策设计研究

新形势下大学生的思想及其行为表现出的复杂特性为大学思想道德教育提出了很多新的问题。在功能上存在着重政治轻素质的现象,在形式上存在着重活动轻规划的现象,在内容上存在着重理论轻实践的现象,在研究上存在着重经验轻理论的现象,在队伍上存在着重使用轻培养的现象等,是当前高校思想政治教育中存在的几个突出问题。为了更好地促进我国高校思想道德教育工作的发展,本文结合国外大学生生活方式教育发展的理论与经验,认为我国高校思想道德教育应当充分与学生生活相结合开展全面的生活方式教育,并提出了思想道德教育与生活方式教育一体化的新构想。     

销售商成本信息不对称下的两阶段供应链协调

以往的文章研究了由单个供应商和单个销售商组成的供应链协调问题,给出了双方合作时的供应链协调模型,这些都是以信息共享为基础,但是现实中信息不对称使得供应链协调模型的有效性受到了冲击。为避免这种现象的发生,论文在双方合作的基础上建立了供应链双方在需求信息不对称情形下的协调模型。该模型在供应链双方协商分享供应链利润的条件下,运用激励机制使销售商诚实申报成本信息,在实现供应链利润最大化的同时使供应链成员实现双赢。