用户基础、网络分享与企业边界决定

互联网的出现和应用带来新经济的迅速发展,互联网应用于企业的一个显著特征是使相关企业及其产品获得某种程度的网络外部性。网络外部性的存在有可能改变产品的用户基础或者再造企业采购、工艺流程以及强化营销服务网络,进而使企业的现有边界发生动态调整。基于用户基础的模型表明,网络效应的存在,扩大了两企业进行合作的空间,因此,在某种程度上扩大了企业的横向边界。而引入网络分享因素后,在一定条件下某些上游企业将有积极性创造新的营销系统,从而导致了企业纵向边界的调整变化。     

An empirical investigation of firm public and private knowledge

Many studies examine firm private knowledge, but purport to be generalizable to the totality of firm knowledge, both public and private. This study demonstrates that public and private firm knowledge are empirically separable constructs that have significant and yet different influences on innovative outcomes. The example of product development effectiveness within this study shows that both public and private knowledge are significantly related to product development quality; however, public knowledge is negatively related to quality lapses while private knowledge is positively related to quality lapses. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

跨国公司R&D投资对区域创新能力影响的实证研究——基于区域创新知识生产函数的分析

随着跨国公司海外R&D投资的发展,中国的跨国公司R&D机构也在不断增多,跨国公司R&D投资对于我国经济的影响中,很重要的一方面是对于区域创新能力的影响。本文对于跨国公司R&D投资对区域创新能力的影响进行了深入的研究,在分析跨国公司R&D投资的现状的基础上,从定性和定量两个角度分析了跨国公司R&D投资对区域创新能力的影响,在定性研究中从直接效应和间接效应两方面进行论述,在定量研究中运用计量经济学模型进行研究。在跨国公司R&D投资对区域创新能力影响的分析的基础上,本文向政府和企业两方面提出了相应的对策建议。     

Interorganizational alliances and the performance of firms: a study of growth and innovation rates in a high‐technology industry

This paper investigates the relationship between intercorporate technology alliances and firm performance. It argues that alliances are access relationships, and therefore that the advantages which a focal firm derives from a portfolio of strategic coalitions depend upon the resource profiles of its alliance partners. In particular, large firms and those that possess leading‐edge technological resources are posited to be the most valuable associates. The paper also argues that alliances are both pathways for the exchange of resources and signals that convey social status and recognition. Particularly when one of the firms in an alliance is a young or small organization or, more generally, an organization of equivocal quality, alliances can act as endorsements: they build public confidence in the value of an organization's products and services and thereby facilitate the firm's efforts to attract customers and other corporate partners. The findings from models of sales growth and innovation rates in a large sample of semiconductor producers confirm that organizations with large and innovative alliance partners perform better than otherwise comparable firms that lack such partners. Consistent with the status‐transfer arguments, the findings also demonstrate that young and small firms benefit more from large and innovative strategic alliance partners than do old and large organizations. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

组织文化对知识共享和创新绩效的中介关系研究--基于PLS －S EM模型

本文将高技术企业组织文化特性概括为开放性、自动性、集成性、一致性、目的性和适应性,搭建了知识共享、组织文化和创新绩效关系的概念模型。基于PLS－SEM模型,实证分析了知识共享对创新绩效的作用机制,诠释了组织文化的中介作用。结果显示：模型的拟合优度较高,具有一定的解释力,知识共享对创新绩效有显著性正向影响;组织文化特性的6个维度均对创新绩效产生显著正向影响;组织文化在知识共享与创新绩效之间起部分中介作用。     

产业集群内部知识共享机制探析

产业集群内部知识共享机制其基本内涵为：产业集群内部各行为主体（主要是企业）为什么要知识共享、怎样进行知识共享、如何保证知识共享。这些分别构成了产业集群内部知识共享机制的三个方面：驱动因素、运行机制和保障机制。文章对此分别进行了较为详细的探析。     

Knowledge flows within multinational corporations

Pursuing a nodal (i.e., subsidiary) level of analysis, this paper advances and tests an overarching theoretical framework pertaining to intracorporate knowledge transfers within multinational corporations (MNCs). We predicted that (i) knowledge outflows from a subsidiary would be positively associated with value of the subsidiary’s knowledge stock, its motivational disposition to share knowledge, and the richness of transmission channels; and (ii) knowledge inflows into a subsidiary would be positively associated with richness of transmission channels, motivational disposition to acquire knowledge, and the capacity to absorb the incoming knowledge. These predictions were tested empirically with data from 374 subsidiaries within 75 MNCs headquartered in the U.S., Europe, and Japan. Except for our predictions regarding the impact of source unit's motivational disposition on knowledge outflows, the data provide either full or partial support to all of the other elements of our theoretical framework. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

企业社会资本与持续竞争优势

企业知识理论从知识的创造活动和能力上解释了企业竞争优势的来源,本文进一步讨论了知识创造的社会化过程。我们认为社会资本为企业知识活动提供了便利,它从结构因素、关系因素和认知因素三个维度影响知识创造过程;按照智力资本与社会资本共同演进的逻辑,我们提出企业要在竞争过程持续性拥有竞争优势的地位,必须以企业知识创造为导向,对企业社会资本进行战略性的管理。