Price Effects of Dutch Hospital Mergers: An Ex-post Assessment of Hip Surgery

This study analyses price effects of six mergers in the Dutch healthcare industry. We investigate whether the merging hospitals raised their prices for hip surgery after the merger and, if so, how patients react to this higher price. For seven of the twelve hospitals involved, we found a statistically significant price increase for hip surgery, for three hospitals we found a significant price decrease. There is no clear relationship between price changes of hip surgery and changes in travelling behaviour of patients post merger.     

移动电子商务：银行VS电信

优势凸显移动电子商务是由电子商务的概念衍生出来的。现在的电子商务以PC机为主要界面,是＂有线的电子商务＂;而移动电子商务,则是通过手机、PDA（个人数字助理）这些可以装在口袋里的移动终端来完成商务活动的。相对于基于互联网的电子商务,移动电子商务增加了移动性和终端的多样性。无线系统允许用户访问移动网络覆盖范围内任何地方的服务,     

Ex-post Analysis of the TeliaSonera-Chess 2005 Merger

De Economist - We provide an ex-post analysis of the 2005 TeliaSonera-Chess merger in the Norwegian mobile telecommunication market. Applying a difference-in-difference approach and a synthetic...     

Ex-post empirical estimates of the second enlargement: The case of Greece

Zusammenfassung Empirische Ex-post-Sch?tzungen der zweiten EG-Erweiterung — Der Fall Griechenland. — Der Beitritt Griechenlands zur EG im Jahre 1981 war der erste Fall, in dem sich ein Schwellenland mit Industriel?ndern in einer Zollunion verband, ein Schritt, von dem die Wirtschaftstheorie negative Effizienzwirkungen erwarten würde. Der Verfasser benutzt zwei Modelle, um das Importwachstum für den hypothetischen Fall der Nicht-Integration zu simulieren. Daraus ermittelt er empirische Sch?tzwerte für die Effizienzwirkung der Zollunion. Er analysiert disaggregierte Daten, die um Einkommens- und Preisverzerrungen bereinigt sind. Insgesamt ergibt sich eine Handelsablenkung, wenn es auch in einzelnen Sektoren zu handelsschaffenden Wirkungen kommt.

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Resumen Estimaciones empíricas ex post de la segunda extensión de la CE: el caso de Grecia. — El ingreso de Grecia a la CE en 1981 constituye la primer vez que un NIC forma una union aduanera con países desarrollados, una medida que según la teoria económica resultaría en efectos negativos sobre la eficiencia. Utilizando dos modelos de crecimiento de importaciones que se valen de un país como control para simular el crecimiento de las importaciones en el caso hipotético de no integración, el trabajo presenta estimaciones empíricas ex post de los efectos de la unión aduanera sobre el nivel de eficiencia. Se analizan datos desagregados ajustados por sesgos de ingreso y precio. Se obtiene una diversíon neta del comercio a nivel agregado, que indica una disminución del nivel general de eficiencia, mas con mejoras en ciertos sectores.

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Résumé Estimations empiriques ex-post du deuxième enlargissement: Le cas de la Grèce. — L’accès de la Grèce dans la CEE en 1981 a indiqué pour la première fois qu’un NIC est entré dans une union douanière formée par des pays industrialisés. C’est un mouvement dont la théorie économique prédit d’achever des effets négatifs de l’efficacité. En utilisant deux modèles pour simuler l’augmentation des importations pour le cas hypothétique de non-intégration, cette étude développe des estimations empiriques ex-post des effets de l’efficacité de l’union douanière. On a analysé des données disagrégées et ajustées pour le bias dans les revenus et les prix et on obtient un détournement de commerce net dans l’agrégation proposant un déclin total de l’efficacité bien qu’avec des améliorations dans certains secteurs.

     

Innovation, Knowledge Creation and Technology Policy: The Case of the Netherlands

This paper explores and analyses the concept of knowledge and its application in economics by means of the Schumpeterian framework provided by New Growth Theory. In doing so, we focus on the particular role of knowledge spillovers in a small open economy such as the Netherlands.     

The Economic Effect Of Competition Law Enforcement: The Case Of The Netherlands

Summary  In this paper we try to bridge the gap between the outcome ambitions of competition policy in terms of welfare gains and consumer surplus and the longer term effects of competition policy on growth and employment. First of all, an overview is given of the different definitions of welfare. We explain why maximising the consumer surplus is an important part of the mission statement for most competition authorities. In the second part of the paper we estimate the impact of the introduction of the competition law on economic development. The effects of antitrust policies, merger control and energy regulation on the consumer surplus appear substantial. This increase in consumer surplus can be interpreted as a cut in the “market power wedge” which, from a modelling point of view, is comparable to a cut in the tax wedge. A model simulation for the Netherlands shows that the economy responded positively to this increase in the consumer surplus. We find that production has grown by an extra 0.5% and that employment has increased by 0.4% as a result of the enforcement of the Competition Law. The authors are respectively Chief Economist of the NMa and senior advisor at the Office of the Chief Economist of the NMa. This paper is the background paper for the presentation with the same title at the conference “Measuring the Economic Effects of Competition Law Enforcement”, held in The Hague, 17 and 18 October 2007. The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions.     

日韩移动通讯产业内合作模式的比较分析

本文通过对韩国SKT"导师制"模式与日本NTT DoCoMo"家长式"模式的比较研究得出,现有技术制式的个性化程度、企业市场地位、技术研发实力等要素决定了移动通讯产业内的合作模式;中国移动运营商和终端厂商之间的合作模式应为:前者通过研究市场细分和消费者行为,设计竞争策略、调动渠道商积极性、确定合作层面和深度;后者加强与运营商、SP和CP的合作、加强对渠道的引导、选择与运营商的合作基点等。     

Innovation Performance and Innovation Policy: the Case of the Netherlands

Recent productivity growth has been sluggish in the Netherlands. Baumol suggests that future productivity performance might be hampered by inadequate arrangements and institutions between the four sectors that drive innovation and growth: large firms, small firms, the universities and the government. In this paper we present the facts and figures of innovation and growth performance in the Netherlands. We also discuss Dutch innovation policies. While our findings show that the Netherlands still ranks highly in terms of actual levels of productivity and innovation, the developments in both areas are reason for concern. A structural reform of the industry-science interface in the Netherlands could lead to an improvement in the situation for the Netherlands in the medium term.JEL classification: E61, O10, O30     

The Analysis on Financing Mode of Telecom Enterprise in China

The telecom industry is recognized as an industry which is technical focus and capital focus. Along with the decrease of technique gulf between carriers, capital operation is becoming more and more important for carriers. For telecom enterprises in China, capital operation could not only help them achieve precious funds for development, but also help them change thoroughly in corporate governance, operating management, etc. This paper sums up the appropriate financing mode combining the characteristics of telecom enterprises in China. Furthermore, a reference foundation of financing decision is provided for telecom enterprises in China.     

Sources of and Responses to the Liability of Foreignness: The Case of Korean Companies in the Netherlands

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the liability of foreignness, or the additional difficulties of foreign companies compared to their local competitors. Past studies have found fair amount of empirical evidences for the liability of foreignness. The present study attempts to take one step further by addressing two questions: what are the sources of such disadvantages and what are the solutions sought by the companies? To do this, we conducted a field study exploring the on-going dynamics of foreign multinationals. Specifically, we collected primary data through interviews with Dutch and Korean managers of Korean multinational companies. Through the interviews, we found evidence for the existence of such disadvantages. We identified four sources of the liability of foreignness—cross-border transfer, interaction with the local government, local discrimination, and interaction within the multinational—and two ways in which these companies actively reduced their exposure to the problem—localization and unfamiliarity reduction. This study should be useful to both practitioners and theorists in international business with an interest in disadvantages connected to the foreign status of a company.     

国外电信基础设施共建共享浅析

电信基础设施共建共享是为了达到节约资源、保护环境等目标,将现有的和未来新建的电信基础设施如基站、天线、网络等进行整合共享的一种运营模式。它在国外已普遍实施多年。在共建共享过程中,虽然大部分国家是市场占主导地位,但政府有效的激励和引导也是其顺利实施的有力保障。因此,政府应提供良好的发展平台,同时运营商应主动建设。     

Monetary policy under fixed exchange rates: Lessons from the Netherlands,Belgium, and Austria, 1973–1992

Summary The impact of domestic monetary policy in The Netherlands, Belgium and Austria on offsetting capital flows, interest rates and exchange rates is empirically investigated for the period 1973–1992. Offsetting capital flows are found to be incomplete for each country and lead to marginal interest and exchange rate effects only. A significant direct channel from excessive domestic creation to interest rises is present in Austria and to both interest and exchange rate rises in Belgium. No such effects are found for The Netherlands, possibly due to its adherence to targets for domestic money creation during the sample.This paper was written while the author was a visiting scholar at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Manon den Dunnen provided excellent research assistance in collecting and summarizing available sources on actual monetary policy and instruments in Austria, Belgium, and The Netherlands. Useful comments on an earlier draft from Bill DeWald, Lex Hoogduin, Kees Koedijk, Ron van Rooden, Jack Tatom, Dan Thornton, Tom van Veen, and two anonymous referees are acknowledged. I am indebted to Paul Hilbers of the Dutch Central Bank for providing data on the exchange rate parities of the guilder and the Belgian franc during the 1970s. The usual disclaimer applies.     

东道国对外资并购的规制研究

本文在梳理已有研究成果的基础上，着重以外资并购对东道国市场结构的竞争与反竞争影响、以及资源转移中的政府和跨国公司的博弈作为理论分析的主要内容，认为东道国和跨国公司在选择外资进入东道国的两种方式（新建进入和并购进入）时存在不一致的经济利益，在技术等重要资源转让成本不同的条件下，作为东道国应制定相应不同的引资政策以使利益最大化。本文评价了中国20世纪90年代以来外资并购规制政策的变化，提出外资并购规制的政策取向和战略规划，以推动这一领域的研究。     

适度分析法在电信行业客户满意度中的应用

将模糊综合决策的适度分析法应用到电信行业客户满意度上,此方法不同于传统的综合决策,它考虑了因素间的相互关系及其对决策的影响,使计算结果更符合实际情况。     

An Empirical Analysis of Legal Insider Trading in The Netherlands

In this paper, we employ a registry of legal insider trading for Dutch listed firms to investigate the information content of trades by corporate insiders. Using a standard event-study methodology, we examine short-term stock price behavior around trades. We find that purchases are followed by economically large abnormal returns. This result is strongest for purchases by top executives and for small market capitalization firms, which is consistent with the hypothesis that legal insider trading is an important channel through which information flows to the market. We analyze also the impact of the implementation of the Market Abuse Directive (European Union Directive 2003/6/EC), which strengthens the existing regulation in the Netherlands. We show that the new regulation reduced the information content of sales by top executives.     

我国电信业务运营商的市场集中度分析

我国电信行业经过2000年和2002年的两次大调整,目前已经形成了电信、网通、移动、联通、铁通和卫通六家业务运营商并存竞争的局面。从原先中国邮电一家独大的高度集中垄断发展到各种业务分开经营的多家寡头垄断竞争,可以说,我国电信业务运营市场的竞争程度在逐步提高。本文选取2000-2003年我国各家电信业务运营商的业务收入总额作为研究对象,分析在这四个年份我国电信运营市场的市场集中度,并从中观察我国电信市场的竞争程度。     

跨国并购和国内并购对企业市场价值的影响及差异:来自中国企业的证据

文章利用2004~2015年BVD(Zephyr)的并购事件研究了中国企业跨国并购和国内并购对企业市场价值影响的差异。事件研究得到以下结论:第一,在公告日窗口两类并购都获得了非负异常收益率,且国内并购的异常收益率不低于跨国并购。第二,分跨国并购目标国来看,如果并购发达国家企业,则获得了非负异常收益率,且两类并购对企业市场价值的影响无显著差异;如果并购发展中国家企业,则没有显著异常收益率,且不高于国内并购。第三,从细分行业来看,高新技术行业的跨国并购没有获得显著异常收益率,且不高于国内并购;无论是传统制造业还是非制造业,国内并购都获得了非负异常收益率,且不低于跨国并购。在此基础上文章利用倾向得分匹配法和倍差法检验了跨国并购与国内并购对企业异常收益率影响的差异,研究发现国内并购创造的市场价值明显高于跨国并购。因此,市场对中国企业的国内并购做出了更加积极的评价。     

国际金融并购十年回顾分析

近年来金融并购十分盛行，并购的数量和结构也呈现出一些新的特点。为什么人们如此热哀并购?传统的理论认为并购能提高企业的效率，但众多实证研究表明并购并不能实现这一目标。本文对近十年的金融并购的特点作一小结，然后分析了金融并购的动因，以及对企业效率和系统性风险、货币政策、小企业融资的影响。     

奥地利：以音乐和葡萄酒闻名

每当夏季来临,多瑙河畔阵阵清爽的凉风吹拂在人们的脸上,欢快的人群三三两两地来到设在户外鳞次栉比的酒店里,一边饮酒,一边海阔天空地高谈阔论……