入世后国内外农产品市场变化前景

首先分析了国际农产品市场发展变化的8个方面主要特点，由此进一步论述了我国农产品贸易格局的变化趋势，具体分析了对我国未来农产品贸易格局产生影响的6个方面的因素：一是本国经济的增长速度；二是国际市场需求；三是我国扩大农产品出口面临的障碍因素；四是农产品进口方面的影响因素；五是农产品供给的变化前景；六是国际市场环境国素。最后提出了我国农产品市场的发展前景与对策。     

广东省农产品出口竞争力分析

分析表明,广东省农产品出口的显性比较优势指数呈缓慢下降趋势,国际市场占有率呈稳步上升趋势,贸易竞争指数曲折中呈下降趋势。总体来看,广东省农产品整体国际竞争力不强,竞争优势有待进一步发掘。文章提出了提升广东省农产品出口竞争力的相应措施,包括：创新模式,推进出口农产品质量安全基地建设;运用比较优势,调整产业结构,增强国际竞争力;挖掘、培育长效优势品种,创建农产品出口品牌;积极开拓出口市场,推进市场多元化。     

出口国营贸易企业对贸易影响的理论分析

本文选取国营贸易中价格联营(Price-Pooling)的典型做法,对其进行深入的理论分析,说明了国营贸易企业中的隐性出口补贴的存在,以及通过价裆联营可以实现补贴本国农产品生产者、稳定国内市场和提高农产品国际竞争力的目的.对我国来说,扩大农产品出口也是增加农民收入的一种可行做法,我国政府应该重视农产品的出口,采取相应措施扩大农产品的出口.     

我国农产品对外贸易战略的转型与农村发展的国际化视野

当前我国农产品对外贸易形势严峻,国际市场对农产品的需求下滑,农产品市场竞争更为激烈。受我国传统农业生产方式和经营方式的影响,我国农产品对外贸易缺乏核心竞争力。为推进我国农产品对外贸易战略转型,发挥农产品对外贸易对农村发展的积极作用,应从国际化视野出发,一方面,对接国际农产品市场的需求和标准,另一方面,对我国农业资源进行整合和优化,形成具有本国特色的农产品品牌。     

发展生态农业 规避绿色壁垒--加入WTO后中国农产品生产贸易政策取向探讨

为保护本国农产品市场，发展国家针对农产品进口制定了内容庞杂、形式繁琐的环保条款，形成了戒备森严的“绿色壁垒”。我国大力发展生态农业将促进农业和农产品出口的健康发展。     

中国农产品出口价格汇率传递研究

本文在计算中国农产品的出口单价和农产品出口名义有效汇率的基础上，通过控制农产品生产者价格，实证分析了中国农产品出口价格的汇率传递情况。通过对平行数据的分析，本文发现：中国农产品出口价格的汇率传递程度较低，出口商看市定价，吸收了大部分的汇率变化；不同种类的农产品出口价格的汇率传递程度不同，在国际市场上占较大份额的农产品出口价格的汇率传递程度较高，而份额较小的农产品出口价格的汇率传递程度较低。     

中国国际品牌农业发展高峰论坛在京举行

<正>本刊讯中国国际品牌农业发展高峰论坛于9月21日上午在京举行。论坛由中国优质农产品开发服务协会承办,是第十五届中国国际农产品交易会的重大活动之一。农业部副部长屈冬玉在论坛上作了主旨演讲。他指出,品牌,特别是农业品牌,在我国有着悠久的历史。具有几百年乃至上千年历史的杜康酒、陈李济、全聚德等品牌企业,已经深深根植于消费者心中,流传于历史长河,其中蕴含的工匠精神、诚信理念     

哪些措施会影响农产品出口

<正>农产品出口对实施乡村振兴战略、深化农业供给侧结构性改革、促进农民增收具有重要意义。要大力促进我国优势农产品出口,切实提高出口产品附加值,扩大出口产品品牌国际影响力,就需要我们对除关税外其他影响农产品贸易的措施有所了解。那么,当一家农业企业向国外出口农产品时,需要注意出口市场的哪些贸易措施呢?下面简要介绍最常见的两类:技术性贸易措施:与产品自身质量和特性     

欧盟农产品贸易促进项目及特点

一、欧盟农产品贸易促进项目出台背景欧盟早在80年代就开始进行农产品贸易促进项目活动,但初期的农产品贸易促进项目相对比较分散,所涉及的产品也比较狭窄,作用并不十分明显。到20世纪90年代末,随着国际贸易自由化进程的加快,欧盟意识到,使用出口补贴等传统手段对农产品贸易进行支持面临的压力越来越大,不得不进行改革。与此同时,美国、日本及澳大利亚等国,为提高自身农产品的出口竞争力,不断地强化本国农产品贸易促进支持措施,纷纷为其农产品占领国际市场,在政策和资金上给予大力的支持。在国际农产品贸易市场中,欧盟深感到来自美国等国家…     

出口信贷

出口信贷是发达国家为支持本国产品的出口,增强产品在国际市场上的竞争力,采取提供保险、融资、贴息等方式,鼓励本国金融机构向本国出口商或外国进口商或进口国的银行提供的优惠贷款。     

主食生产工业化与膳食消费现代化

由传统社会向现代社会转型,一个必然趋势就是:主食生产方式趋向工业化,膳食消费方式趋向现代化.前者是指,在发扬我国传统主食优秀文化的基础上,采用现代科学营养原理和先进技术装备,进行规模化生产,提供标准化、方便化、安全化、营养化的主食品.     

A new professionalism for agricultural research for development

There have been repeated calls for a ‘new professionalism’ for carrying out agricultural research for development since the 1990s. At the centre of these calls is a recognition that for agricultural research to support the capacities required to face global patterns of change and their implications on rural livelihoods, requires a more systemic, learning focused and reflexive practice that bridges epistemologies and methodologies. In this paper, we share learning from efforts to mainstream such an approach through a large, multi-partner CGIAR research program working in aquatic agricultural systems. We reflect on four years of implementing research in development (RinD), the program’s approach to the new professionalism. We highlight successes and challenges and describe the key characteristics that define the approach. We conclude it is possible to build a program on a broader approach that embraces multidisciplinarity and engages with stakeholders in social-ecological systems. Our experience also suggests caution is required to ensure there is the time, space and appropriate evaluation methodologies in place to appreciate outcomes different to those to which conventional agricultural research aspires.     

建立生态补偿机制的财政政策研究

生态补偿机制是为了控制环境破坏而建立的约束制度,包括生态补偿类型,生态补偿方式,生态补偿责任,生态补偿法规、制度、政策等。黑龙江省建立生态补偿机制面临着缺乏法律保障、排污费征收标准过低、环境违法处罚标准过低,企业将环境治理成本转嫁给政府等问题。根据黑龙江省的情况,建立生态补偿机制应遵循市场经济规律、完善相关财政政策和保障措施,惟如此,才能对落实科学发展观,构建环境友好型社会,实现人与自然和谐发展起到积极的推动作用。     

Agents for diffusion of agricultural innovations for environmental outcomes

In New Zealand, local governments are tasked with both sustainably managing natural resources and supporting adoption of practices and technologies for environmental outcomes. Unfortunately, farmers in New Zealand lack trust in advice on environmental performance provided by local governments. Hence, local governments may seek to partner with others to disseminate information about environmentally friendly practices and technologies to farmers. Empirical evidence indicates that New Zealand farmers are more likely to adopt new practices after seeing them successfully demonstrated; therefore, local government would do well to partner with those who have tried the practices themselves and those with large farmer networks. In this paper, we use unique survey data to identify the characteristics of such “innovators” and “connectors”. We also identify the characteristics of individuals who trust environmental information provided by local governments. We find that sex, age, education level, financial robustness, farm size, and the number of distinct land uses are correlated with both innovativeness and connectedness. However, among these characteristics, only education and financial robustness predict trust in environmental information provided by local governments.     

退耕农户长期生计分析

以陕西、青海两省4个县15个村400个退耕农户为研究对象,通过20年的成本效益分析,探讨了退耕还林对农户生计的长期影响,预测了退耕后林草产品的产出、价格和农产品产量,分析了样本农户退耕前后在土地利用、种植结构、收入和成本结构等方面的变化,对林草产品价格、退耕补助、毁林复耕等因素进行了敏感性分析。结果表明:在预测的价格和产出水平上,退耕提高了样本农户的收入水平。从长期看,退耕农户面临自然、技术和市场风险。要实现中国政府的生态建设目标,决策者应关注退耕农户尤其是退耕地比例高的农户的长期生计。     

Land administration for housing production: An approach for assessment

The integration of land administration processes and the collaboration of land agencies are considered essential for the effective delivery of developable land for housing production. The research upon which this paper is based investigates the interrelationship across land administration functions and between different levels of government in the management and delivery of land for housing production. It focuses on land management policies, land administration processes, and spatial data infrastructure, as they are related to housing production. The study starts from the premise that inadequate integration across land administration functions and between different levels of government impedes land delivery for housing production. Against this background, an assessment framework is proposed as a tool to assess the levels of integration. The parameters for the development of the framework are based on the extensive literature of past and present initiatives which focused on enhancing inter-agency collaboration. It is also supported by interviews with land agencies in the case study areas – Australia and Nigeria – to aggregate the common themes as observed in the literature. The assessment framework was evaluated through selected government departments and agencies. With this approach, the assessment framework develops into the land administration integration assessment matrix. The key consideration of the matrix is to assess the depth of inter-agency relationship ranging from information sharing to consultation, coordination of activities, joint management, partnership arrangement and formal merger of organisations.     

Agriculture for development: new paradigm and options for success

The role of agriculture as an instrument for industrialization had been rigorously conceptualized in the 1960s and 1970s under the classical paradigm of development economics. After many implementation failures under import substitution industrialization policies and protracted neglect of agriculture under the policies of the Washington Consensus that followed the debt crisis, agriculture has gradually returned in the development agenda, especially with the food crisis. We argue in this article that a new paradigm has started to emerge as to how to use agriculture for development, pursuing a broadened development agenda. We explore the specifications of this paradigm and discuss conditions for successful implementation.     

Empowering change for sustainable agriculture: the need for participation

Sustainable agricultural development (SAD) requires empowerment and engagement of all actors in the agricultural production and supply chain to enable change. This paper proposes a novel framework for Participatory Sustainable Agricultural Development (PSAD) that distinguishes four main classes of factors that influence participation in SAD: environmental, economic, social and governance-related. The factors in each of these classes are analysed in relation to their effect over time, on the basis of 49 SAD programmes reported in the literature. Findings show that the social factors of engagement and empowerment, not often addressed in existing SAD programmes, are of significant influence to effect over time, as are the environmental factors of food safety, and the economic factors of production and capacity development. As such this paper shows that in in addition to the well-acknowledged need for knowledge and skills related to food safety, production and capacity development, SAD programmes also need to address the social factors of engagement and empowerment to enable sustainable change over time for SAD through participation.