我国大数据征信业发展实践与完善路径

我国传统征信服务难以满足日益增长的征信需求。在互联网经济、大数据技术日益普及的背景下,大数据征信应运而生。当前我国大数据征信业发展在信息主体权益保障、征信数据有效性、征信机构独立性和征信市场监管等方面存在着亟需解决的问题。对此,应通过加强对信息主体的权益保障、提升征信数据的有效性、强化征信机构的独立性及完善大数据征信监管等路径,促进我国大数据征信业的健康发展。     

大数据发展对征信业的影响研究——基于5G应用的思考

随着大数据时代的到来,大数据渗透到各行业和各领域,征信业也不例外,"一切数据皆信用"的理念带动了传统征信方式向大数据征信的转变。5G技术的应用影响大数据的数据规模、信息获取维度、信息开发平台、大数据技术等方面的发展,为大数据征信业带来广阔发展前景的同时,也为大数据征信业带来挑战,如征信监管制度不健全、"征信业务+大数据技术"的复合型人才匮乏、大数据技术运用能力不足、信息共享与个人隐私保护等问题。因此,在5G新兴技术发展的关键时期,对大数据征信法律体系、法律监督机制、大数据技术、信息安全机制的进一步完善有助于大数据征信业的稳定健康发展。     

大数据时代中国征信的机遇与挑战

大数据时代的到来在各个领域都开启了一场革命,让所有行业都逃不过互联网思维和大数据时代背景。征信业与大数据天然契合,在我国征信业进入快速发展期时,抓住大数据的时代契机乘势而上,将会实现我国征信业发展的大跨越。但面对越来越大的海量数据资源,大数据不仅是征信业转型升级的历史机遇,也带来前所未有的巨大挑战。我国征信业发展应基于大数据时代特征从技术和业务模式、监管和保障机制等方面进行完善。     

大数据信用征信:现实应用、困境与法律完善逻辑

大数据征信为市场提供了多元化、多层次的金融服务需求,在优化征信市场布局、促进传统征信业改造升级及推动差异化竞争格局的形成方面具有重要价值,是我国信用征信业转型发展的基石。大数据信用征信尚处于初级阶段,顶层设计、法律框架以及行业发展规范远未成熟,面临着诸多挑战和现实性困境,有赖于未来强力有效的协调与规范。必须加强法律建设,完善相关立法,切实有效提升信用征信业的监管水平并加强金融消费者权益保护。     

大数据征信监督管理中存在的问题及对策

大数据为征信业发展提供了技术支撑,征信数据和征信模型都将出现质的飞跃.然而,我国征信业起步较晚,特别是在大数据征信监督管理方面还存在诸多问题.本文在介绍我国大数据征信现状及特点的基础上,分析了大数据征信监督管理中存在的主要问题,并提出了相关政策建议.     

大数据背景下我国征信业发展的若干思考

随着大数据时代的到来,我国征信业与大数据的融合刚刚开始,方兴未艾.如何充分认识大数据特点,并在大数据背景下客观分析我国征信业发展的挑战与机遇,既是我国征信从业人员的紧迫任务,也是征信理论研究的全新课题.     

大数据时代征信业发展思考与建议

近年来,随着互联网技术的发展,大数据越来越受到关注,其应用逐步渗透至多个行业,开启了全新的数据时代。本文分析大数据对征信活动的影响,剖析大数据时代征信业面临的问题,并从建立符合大数据的征信法律制度和业务规则体系等六个方面,提出大数据时代促进征信业发展的建议。     

多方计算在个人征信领域中的应用

利用替代数据刻画企业或个人信用状况,是近年来世界范围内兴起的新趋势.但传统的大数据征信基于明文数据计算,容易产生数据泄露和滥用的问题.多方计算技术能够实现数据"可用不可见、可控可计量",为大数据征信的数据安全利用提供了技术保障,对于征信业的市场化发展意义重大.针对我国个人征信领域存在的痛点问题,提出应用多方计算技术破解...     

大数据模式下征信业发展及对我国启示

目前我国互联网发展迅猛,对征信业发展带来较大冲击,业务和风险的类型都发生了转变,如何更好地利用互联网这把"双刃剑",把大数据渗透进征信业务,对促进我国征信业健康发展来说非常重要。本文主要从大数据模式下征信业发展的新特征、监管问题、监管对策几个方面进行研究,最后对我国征信业发展提供几条路径建议。     

大数据时代征信业发展的机遇与挑战

大数据技术在行业思维模式、信用信息采集规则与内容、征信产品及服务等方面对征信业发展提供了机遇,也在隐私安全、信息技术等方面带来了挑战,因此应树立科学合理的大数据使用理念,建立完备的隐私保护体系,扩充大数据总量,积极推动大数据技术变革,从而促进征信业在大数据时代健康发展。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.     

Commodity financialization and sector ETFs: Evidence from crude oil futures

We investigate the diversification benefits of energy assets in the setting of commodity financialization using data on crude oil futures and Sector ETFs (SPDRs). Correlations between commodities and financial assets increased during the post-Commodity Futures Modernization Act (CFMA)/commodity bull cycle period, resulting in lower benefits of diversification. However, we find that conditional correlations between crude oil futures and sector ETFs meaningfully increased only since the 2008–09 financial crisis. The results therefore suggest that the financial crisis, rather than CFMA regulation, explains changes in the diversification benefits of commodities. Moreover, we find that oil futures returns are less correlated with SPDRs than with the S&P index. Thus, energy futures, and crude oil in particular, offer the potential for diversification benefits in sector-style investing.     

Dutch accounting in Japan 1609-1850: isolation or observation?

The trading station or factory maintained by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) was Japan's sole window on the Western world during most of the Tokugawa period (1600-1868). While many aspects of the factory's role in Dutch/Japanese cultural exchange have been researched little is known in the West of the accounting at the factory. This paper considers the possibility that double-entry bookkeeping employed by the Dutch may have been diffused to the Japanese. The available evidence is synthesized after considering the accounting system in the Dutch factory.