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从1949年开始德国铁路先后进行了17次改革,自1994年德国铁路采取循序渐进的改革方式,实施政企分开,奠定了放开德国铁路运输市场的基础.通过分析德国铁路改革的目的、基本思路和发展阶段,阐述德国铁路的监管体系和内部机构职能、DB集团机构设置及内部改革.在此基础上,提出德国铁路改革的3个特点:铁路立法与技术标准体系、线路使用费体系和货运物流全球扩张战略,为我国铁路结合国情和路情制定符合实际的改革模式提供参考. 相似文献
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在分析德国铁路货运改革和货运中心发展现状的基础上,研究德国铁路货运的发展特点,分别从铁路组织机构改革、经营服务理念、拓展物流业务等方面,探讨促使德国物流快速发展的主要原因.通过对德国铁路货运中心和货运改革经验的总结,进而提出对我国铁路物流中心的启示. 相似文献
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简要评价英国、德国、法国铁路改革基本情况,结合三国经验,对我国铁路改革和管理工作中的实际问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
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陈誌敏 《武汉交通职业学院学报》2006,8(1):67-69,82
欧拉法在常微分方程近似数值求解,特别是理论分析中占有很重要的地位,本文通过Matlab的平台,显示执行欧拉法各步骤的细节。由于数学软件Matlab自身不带有欧拉法执行程序,笔者编写了三个欧拉法计算程序,以满足常微分方程近似数值求解和理论分析的需要。 相似文献
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传统上,机场定位为公益性基础设施,投资由政府负责,收入主要是飞机起降费和向航空公司收取的设施使用费和服务费。2003年,我国民用机场完成了“以省为单位下放和成立企业集团”的改革,从此,机场被定位为企业,并被要求自主经营、自负盈亏。 相似文献
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国内外铁路机车车辆运用及检修情况对比分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
机车车辆是铁路运输装备的重要组成部分,其运用检修布局及修程修制的规划调整是我国铁路生产力布局调整的重要内容。通过对国内外铁路机车车辆资源配置现状进行分析,以及国内外铁路在机车车辆运用、检修布局、修程修制等方面存在差异的比较,对我国铁路机车车辆布局调整提供有益借鉴。 相似文献
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交通与运输的区别与联系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
现代社会中,交通关乎人们的工作、学习与生活等方面,是人类社会生活的重要内容。随着社会进步与城市发展,交通领域内各种矛盾日益突出,在满足公众出行需求方面,既有每年的“春运”、“暑运”、节假日长途客流高峰出行困难,又有城市上下班客流高峰道路拥堵现象;在基础设施建设方面,既有各地交通事业发展不协调,也有道路用地紧张、交通能源消耗高和环境污染严重等问题;在社会和谐稳定发展方面,在交通意外事故与保险赔偿、运输市场和运输工具监管以及交通秩序维护等方面也存在一些问题。 相似文献
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Michael Hitchcock 《旅游业当前问题》2013,16(3):204-225
Ethnicity permeates many aspects of tourism in the multi-ethnic nation of Indonesia. A great deal of tourism development in Java and Bali has been supported by global capital and this has facilitated the growth of enclaves. Despite the dominance of transnational corporations a lot of entrepreneurial activity in tourism is conducted by domestic entrepreneurs. The Chinese of South-east Asia are the subject of an increasing number of research papers, but this coverage tends to overshadow the entrepreneurial activities of other ethnic groups in the region. Attention is paid to Chinese ethnicity and entrepreneurship in this paper, especially in relation to other ethnic groups. Indonesian entrepreneurs are involved in many different kinds of tourism concerns ranging from the Jakarta conglomerates to medium-sized firms and small-scale operations. A clear line cannot always be drawn between the Jakarta conglomerates and transnational capital. There is also a substantial informal sector, often financed by Chinese capital, but operated by indigenous labour. Doing business with compatriots helps to reduce risk, especially when supply lines are extended. Anthropological and sociological theories of ethnicity enable us to examine the maintenance and extension of ethnic boundaries, and the processes by which networks include outsiders. 相似文献
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Option values and non-use values are well-known concepts in environmental economics, but so far there been few attempts to apply the concepts to the transportation field. This paper therefore firstly reviews empirical studies on transport option and non-use values, and secondly examines the inclusion of option and non-use values in five rail scheme appraisals in the UK. We find that whilst the evidence base is small, the importance of option and non-use values is large where user benefits are low and for projects involving the provision (or loss) of commuting opportunities (including station openings/closures). 相似文献
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《Journal of Air Transport Management》2006,12(1):40-46
Air transport and tourism are interlinked. Tourism is a driving factor for and, in some cases, a stimulator of change in air transport; most notably the development of new business models such as charter airlines. On the other hand, air transport opened new destinations and tourism forms such as long-haul excursions. Here these interlinks are analyzed in a system model. For the strategic development of destinations, a clear airline policy and air access strategy seems to be necessary. For airlines an assessment and understanding of the business models of destinations is essential. By shaping the external regulative environment of air traffic, government may influence air traffic as well as tourism. 相似文献
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量化战略与规划是采取量化手段明确企业发展战略与规划的目标,有助于提高企业发展战略与规划的定量性、操作性、考核性和持续性.国家电网公司综合计划管理采取了“三上三下”的计划编制流程,实行计划全过程闭环管理,具有典型的量化管理特征,为中国铁路更新改造业务采取量化管理提供了良好经验.中国铁路总公司管理型企业定位无疑使量化战略与规划更具吸引力. 相似文献