所有权性质、CEO任期与会计稳健性

以高阶理论为基础,运用声誉机制理论、任期五阶段模型、任职期限理论、职业生涯关注等相关理论,以我国2010~2014年 A 股上市公司为样本,实证研究了 CEO 现有任期和预期任期对会计稳健性的影响,并进一步研究了产权性质差异对两者关系的调节效应。研究发现,CEO 现有任期与会计稳健性呈倒U 型关系,CEO 预期任期与会计稳健性正相关。与非国有上市公司相比,在国有上市公司中,CEO 现有任期和预期任期对会计稳健性的影响都更强。     

CEO任期与盈余管理相关性的实证研究

文章选择A股上市公司2004—2011年的数据,结合CEO声誉机制理论对CEO任期及盈余管理的影响进行实证研究。研究结果表明,CEO任期与盈余管理程度显著负相关,CEO任期越长,企业的盈余管理程度越大。在CEO任期的初期,盈余管理程度增加。随着任期的增加,在CEO任期的中间时期盈余管理的程度有所下降。而在CEO离任的前一年,盈余管理程度较大。文章最后针对研究结果提出了改善盈余管理程度的政策建议。     

中国CEO投资峰会

中国的传统产业正处在一个非常重要的发展阶段，这个阶段，正是在资本的推动下完成的。在海外资本的参与下，中国的传统产业正在发生裂变，谁拿到钱谁就有机会以几何级数的速度增长，超过自己曾经崇拜的对手，并让对手更加恐慌。     

CEO和CFO任期交错与会计信息质量的关系研究

随着市场经济的不断完善,CFO的地位开始从战略的角度全面参与公司管理,成为CEO的真正决策伙伴。作为公司的两大关键性人物,CFO与CEO任职期间的交错直接影响着公司的盈余管理水平,同时也影响到公司对外公布的会计信息质量。本文的研究发现丰富了高层梯队理论,盈余管理和会计信息质量等相关领域的文献;同时,对于如何提高公司的会计信息质量,以及CEO与CFO任命等人力资源管理决策方面也有重要的启示意义。     

CEO过度自信与企业创新投资影响研究

随着传统的理性人假设无法解释很多实际现象而受到质疑,越来越多的学者开始接受不完全理性假设,开始研究人的非理性因素对企业管理的意义。正是在这种背景下,过度自信作为人类最稳固的心理特征开始受到国内外学者的重视,也逐渐形成了管理者过度自信理论。本文正是基于管理者过度自信理论,着眼于探讨企业最高管理者CEO的过度自信特性会对企业的创新投资的影响。在实证数据研究的基础上,本文发现过度自信的CEO会增加创新投资。     

CEO过度自信对企业投资和非效率投资的影响——基于企业自由现金流调节作用的实证研究

本文研究了CEO过度自信对企业投资和非效率投资的影响,以及企业自由现金流对二者之间关系的影响。研究结果表明,CEO过度自信对企业投资和非效率投资都具有促进作用,同时,企业自由现金流也可以直接或间接促进企业投资和非效率投资。     

市场竞争、资本配置与上市公司过度投资研究

企业投资行为直接关系到上市公司利润的产生与完成,有效的投资行为可以帮助企业把握市场发展动向、提高资金的配置效率以及降低企业的财务风险.本文针对目前国内上市公司投资决策能力不强以及存在过度投资行为的状况,探讨市场竞争、资本配置与上市公司过度投资之间的影响机理.通过对2010-2013年沪深两市工业类上市公司进行实证研究证实:市场竞争程度直接负向影响上市公司过度投资行为,市场竞争程度直接正向影响企业资本配置的效率,企业资本配置的有效性直接负向影响上市公司过度投资行为,同时市场竞争还可以通过对资本配置的影响间接影响上市公司的过度投资行为.     

管理者任期、晋升激励与研发投资研究

本文在委托代理理论的分析框架下,着重运用高层梯队理论和心理契约理论,以我国2008—2012年上市公司为样本,考察了在晋升激励的作用下,管理者的既有任期和预期任期对研发投资的影响。结果发现:管理者既有任期与研发投资呈倒U型关系;管理者预期任期与研发投资正相关;晋升激励在既有任期影响研发投资中起到了正向调节作用,但在非国有公司中强于国有公司;晋升激励在预期任期影响研发投资中尚未起到调节作用,但在非国有公司中却起到了负向调节作用。这些研究结论对于深入理解企业的研发投资行为,以及完善管理者晋升激励机制和加强人力资源管理都具有一定的启示意义。     

CEO财务经历与资本结构决策

本文以发生CEO变更事件的中国上市公司为研究样本,利用双重差分模型,检验了CEO的财务经历对资本结构决策的影响。实证结果表明:财务经历CEO显著提高了公司的负债水平,加快了资本结构的调整速度,并降低了资本结构偏离目标的程度,这说明财务经历的CEO对公司资本结构决策具有重要且正面的影响。同时,我们发现,只有在第一大股东持股比例较低的情况下,财务经历CEO才能对资本结构决策有显著影响,这表明财务经历的CEO对资本结构的优化是有一定条件的。     

CEO权力、董事会稳定性与盈余管理

基于CEO和董事会相对权力的视角,研究了CEO权力和董事会稳定性对盈余质量的影响。研究发现,CEO权力越大,上市公司盈余管理程度越高;而稳定的董事会能够有效削弱CEO权力与盈余管理之间的正相关关系。区分企业产权性质后发现,上述研究结论主要体现在民营企业中。进一步研究发现,CEO任期较短时,CEO相对董事会的权力较小,稳定的董事会能够有效削弱CEO权力与盈余管理之间的正相关关系。但随着CEO任期的增长,CEO相对于董事会的权力越强,董事会并不能有效监督CEO操纵盈余管理行为。     

CEO薪酬与企业业绩互动效应的实证检验

本文利用逐步回归和路径分析方法 ,检验了我国上市公司CEO薪酬的激励制约机制和激励制约效果。结果发现 :(1)决定CEO薪酬增长的因素主要是营业利润率变动 ,决定CEO薪酬下降的因素则主要是总资产净利率变动 ,这表明在我国上市公司的CEO薪酬层面已体现了一定的激励制约机制 ;(2 )增加CEO薪酬对提高企业的规模和股东财富均有一定的促进作用 ,但降低CEO薪酬却不仅不能提高企业规模和股东财富 ,反而会对其产生一定的负面影响 ,这不仅说明CEO薪酬也具有“工资刚性”特征 ,而且说明我国上市公司的CEO薪酬也仅有单方面的激励效果 ,而没有预期的制约效果 ;(3)无论是增加或降低CEO薪酬 ,CEO均不存在盈余管理或利润操纵的机会主义行为 ,这表明CEO进行盈余管理或利润操纵的动机不应该是为了增加其公开性薪酬 ,而应该是居于除公开性薪酬以外的其他目的。     

CEO power and annual report reading difficulty

We examine the impact of CEO power on reading difficulty of corporate annual reports. We find that CEO power is positively related to reading difficulty, implying that annual reports of corporations with powerful CEOs are difficult to read and understand. More importantly, we find that the relation between CEO power and reading difficulty is moderated by earnings performance or corporate governance. Additional findings suggest that this relation becomes stronger for firms with lower financial reporting quality or for CEOs with shorter tenure. Our study not only joins the debate on the consequences of powerful CEOs but also uncovers several factors that moderate the relation between CEO power and annual report reading difficulty.     

Audit Firm Tenure and Audit Quality in a Constrained Market

We examine the relation between audit quality and audit firm tenure in the Iranian audit market, which is constrained by government policies that create intense competition for clients among many small audit firms. We develop arguments that these circumstances create cost pressures that entrench low audit quality and render auditors' plans more predictable to managers wishing to misstate their accounts. Using publicly available data for the audits of listed companies in Iran prior to mandatory audit firm rotation and the incidence of misstated financial reports identified by the Iranian Association of Certified Public Accountants Inspection Office, we find that the likelihood of a misstatement is lowest in the first two years of audit firm tenure. We also find that the likelihood of misstatement is not associated with the year preceding a mandatory audit firm rotation, suggesting outgoing auditor effort is not sensitive to the prospect of subsequent revelations of deficiencies. Although our results from a pre-mandatory rotation period show that frequent rotations appear to improve the financial reporting quality in our sample, we are wary of interpreting these results as support for the mandatory audit firm rotation policy in Iran. Rather, we suggest this is a peculiar consequence of deficiencies in audit quality inherent in the Iranian market.     

Does Overconfidence Affect Corporate Investment? CEO Overconfidence Measures Revisited

This article presents the growing research area of Behavioural Corporate Finance in the context of one specific example: distortions in corporate investment due to CEO overconfidence. We first review the relevant psychology and experimental evidence on overconfidence. We then summarise the results of Malmendier and Tate (2005a) on the impact of overconfidence on corporate investment. We present supplementary evidence on the relationship between CEOs’ press portrayals and overconfident investment decisions. This alternative approach to measuring overconfidence, developed in Malmendier and Tate (2005b), relies on the perception of outsiders rather than the CEO's own actions. The robustness of the results across such diverse proxies jointly corroborates previous findings and suggests new avenues to measuring executive overconfidence.     

Capital expenditures and firm performance: evidence from a cross‐sectional analysis of stock returns

Using a simple two‐period model of investment, we show that there should be a nonlinear relation between a firm's investment‐to‐capital ratio and its subsequent stock returns. This prediction finds substantial empirical support. The evidence indicates that the slope of the investment function is negative at low investment levels, close to zero at intermediate investment levels and negative at high investment levels. Our results, which are robust to the use of narrowly‐ and broadly‐defined measures of capital investment, pose a challenge to the hypothesis that the negative cross‐sectional correlation between investment and stock returns is attributable to some sort of overinvestment phenomenon.     

CEO Compensation and Firm Performance: an Empirical Investigation of UK Panel Data

This paper examines the link between CEO pay and performance employing a unique, hand‐collected panel data set of 390 UK non‐financial firms from the FTSE All Share Index for the period 1999–2005. We include both cash (salary and bonus) and equity‐based (stock options and long‐term incentive plans) components of CEO compensation, and CEO wealth based on share holdings, stock option and stock awards holdings in our analysis. In addition, we control for a comprehensive set of corporate governance variables. The empirical results show that in comparison to the previous findings for US CEOs, pay‐performance elasticity for UK CEOs seems to be lower; pay‐performance elasticity for UK CEOs is 0.075 (0.095) for cash compensation (total direct compensation), indicating that a ten percentage increase in shareholder return corresponds to an increase of 0.75% (0.95%) in cash (total direct) compensation. We also find that both the median share holdings and stock‐based pay‐performance sensitivity are lower for UK CEOs when we compare our findings with the previous findings for US CEOs. Thus, our results suggest that corporate governance reports in the UK, such as the Greenbury Report (1995) that proposed CEO compensation be more closely linked to performance, have not been totally effective. Our findings also indicate that institutional ownership has a positive and significant influence on CEO pay‐performance sensitivity of option grants. Finally, we find that longer CEO tenure is associated with lower pay‐performance sensitivity of option grants suggesting the entrenchment effect of CEO tenure.     

Firm Performance and CEO Reputation Costs: New Evidence from the Venezuelan Banking Crisis

When searching for outside directors, the performance of the candidate as a manager of other firms is important. Using a sample of Venezuelan banks during a systemic crisis, we find that the outside directorships of chief executive officers (CEOs) are negatively affected by banks' performances, measured by their default risk. Our results suggest that a CEOs' personal monitoring talents are what is being purchased when CEOs are appointed as outside directors. In addition, the negative effect of firms' performances on their CEOs' reputations is significantly stronger in an emerging market, suggesting that CEO reputation helps to control for managerial agency costs when other governance mechanisms are absent. The size of the bank has a positive effect on CEO reputation, which partially offsets the negative reputation effect of the bank risk.     

资本账户开放对企业投资效率的影响研究

依据2001—2017年95个国家的上市企业数据,考量资本账户开放对企业投资效率的作用。结果显示：资本账户开放能提高企业投资效率,缓解投资不足,抑制过度投资;机制检验表明,资本账户开放通过提高市场竞争、缓解融资约束以及提高风险承担水平三个渠道提高企业投资效率。异质性检验显示,流入方向的资本账户开放对企业投资效率的提升更大,资本账户开放主要提高了金融市场发展程度高的国家、外部融资依赖度高的行业以及高杠杆率企业的投资效率。鉴于此,建议有序开放资本账户,加快金融市场建设,积极融入全球资本市场发展。