加强电力工程项目成本管理提升效益探析

经济水平的迅速发展推动了电力工程项目的发展，面对日益增长的能源需求，要求施工企业重视电力工程项目成本管控工作，既要保障电力工程项目的建设质量，又要兼顾企业经济效益。本文以电力工程项目管理内容为切入点，分析了电力工程项目建设环节存在的问题，然后提出对应的解决措施，旨在有效控制电力工程项目施工建设成本。     

浅析项目成本核算与管理

在目前竞争日趋激烈的施工市场经济环境中．施工企业利润大幅降低．许多项目甚至出现了严重亏损的情况。面对这种形势．项目成本管理工作显得越发重要。项目管理的强弱．决定了企业能否在激烈的市场竞争中取胜。而项目管理的中心环节就是搞好项目成本核算和管理．因为只有加强项目成本核算与管理，才能使项目成本降低，才能以最少的消耗取得最大的经济效益，使企业飞速的向前发展。     

电网企业施工项目管理及成本控制

随着我国社会经济的不断发展,企业之间的竞争越来越激烈。面对如此激烈的竞争,电网企业在有限的资源下如何通过施工项目的有效管理来控制成本,成为企业的一项重要工作。文章通过介绍当前我国电网企业施工项目管理及成本控制中存在的不足,提出了我国电网企业施工项目管理及成本控制的具体解决办法。     

当前房地产企业成本控制与管理研究

当前我国面对房价过高、政府一轮又一轮的政策调控，房地产开发企业如何求生存、求发展是摆在面前的一个重要课题，而其中成本控制显得尤为重要，已成为各房地产企业在竞争中取得比较优势，形成核心竞争力，实现可持续发展的重要保障。房地产项目开发是一项综合性很强的经济活动，许多房地产开发公司在项目开发过程中，由于缺乏系统的成本控制思想，最终导致项目总体成本无法有效控制。房产开发商应该降低开发成本，而搞好成本核算进一步实现对开发成本的控制，是企业降本增效，正确体现经营成果的一项重要手段，也是目前开发商最关注的热点问题。     

建设项目成本管理的过程控制研究

工程项目是施工企业形象的窗口和效益的源泉,成本控制的好坏.直接影响到企业的效益.面对日趋激烈建筑市场竞争,材料价格波动起伏,以及种种不确定因素的影响,企业如何做好项目成本管理是企业经营长期良性循环的关键.文章重点就施工企业的项目成本控制流程进行简要的分析说明,从施工前成本的管理制定到竣工成本管理的分解与落实,最后通过严格的考核与奖惩兑现,达到有效节约成本,提高效益的目的.     

论企业目标成本的控制

在新的时期，面对压价让利白热化的市场环境，推行目标成本管理，有利于增强全体管理人员的成本意识，有利于把握项目投入产出的全局，有利于从机制上保证项目成本在过程中受控，有利于提高企业的市场竞争能力。文章将结合实际，谈谈企业目标成本的控制。     

加强项目成本管理提高施工经济效益

笔者认为，施工企业要提高经济效益，必须在保证施工项目安全、质量和工期的前提下，尽可能的降低工程成本，加强项目成本管理。这就需要明确项目成本管理的内涵，了解目前施工企业项目成本管理中存在的问题，提出加强项目成本管理的措施。     

电力设备检修项目成本管理初探

电力设备检修，涉及的成本开支项目众多。只有严格按照检修项目进行成本核算，从事前、事中和事后全面加强项目成本管理，并有效控制项目总成本，才能实现企业的利润目标。本文从加强企业成本管理和内部控制角度，探讨加强宁夏银仪电力设备检修安装有限公司电力设备检修项目成本管理的具体措施。     

建筑施工企业成本管理中的问题及对策

随着我国经济的高速增长，作为与新的经济增长点──房地产业密切相关的建筑业也获得迅猛发展，表现为外国建筑企业涌入国内市场，国内的建筑企业的数量也明显增多。建筑施工企业面对当前激烈竞争的建筑市场，要想在市场中站住脚，就必须提高企业的竞争力，其中重要的一点就是企业要在项目成本管理上实现以最小的物化劳动和活化劳动消耗，生产出最大的生产价值的目标。建筑施工企业要想尽一切办法降低成本，通过有力的成本管理措施，把影响工程成本的各种耗费控制在计划成本目标之内。l建筑施工企业成本管理中存在的问题导致企业成本上升的…     

关于项目责任成本管理的考量

随着市场经济的不断发展,竞争越来越激烈,为了提高中标率各施工企业把标一压再压,导致企业的盈利空间不断变小,面对如此情况如果项目管理滞后、成本控制不够严谨,企业就很可能出现亏损状况。因此,项目责任成本管理不但关系着每个企业的经济效率,同时还关系着企业能否在这个竞争激烈的市场中求生存、谋发展。一、项目责任管理中存在的问题     

Indirect inference with time series observed with error

We propose the indirect inference estimator as a consistent method to estimate the parameters of a structural model when the observed series are contaminated by measurement error by considering the noise as a structural feature. We show that the indirect inference estimates are asymptotically biased if the error is neglected. When the condition for identification is satisfied, the structural and measurement error parameters can be consistently estimated. The issues of identification and misspecification of measurement error are discussed in detail. We illustrate the reliability of this procedure in the estimation of stochastic volatility models based on realized volatility measures contaminated by microstructure noise.     

Multiple comparisons with the best,with economic applications

In this paper we discuss a statistical method called multiple comparisons with the best, or MCB. Suppose that we have N populations, and population i has parameter value θ_i. Let $\theta _{(N)}={\rm max}_{i=1,\ldots ,N}\theta _{i}$\nopagenumbers\end , the parameter value for the ‘best’ population. Then MCB constructs joint confidence intervals for the differences $[\theta _{(N)}‐\theta _{1},\theta _{(N)}‐\theta _{2},\ldots ,\theta _{(N)}‐\theta _{N}]$\nopagenumbers\end . It is not assumed that it is known which population is best, and part of the problem is to say whether any population is so identified, at the given confidence level. This paper is meant to introduce MCB to economists. We discuss possible uses of MCB in economics. The application that we treat in most detail is the construction of confidence intervals for inefficiency measures from stochastic frontier models with panel data. We also consider an application to the analysis of labour market wage gaps. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Forecasting with news sentiment: Evidence with UK newspapers

We investigate the performance of newspapers for forecasting inflation, output and unemployment in the United Kingdom. We concentrate on whether the economic policy content reported in popular printed media can improve on existing point forecasts. We find no evidence supporting improved nowcasts or short-term forecasts for inflation. The sentiment inferred from printed media, can however be useful for forecasting unemployment and output. Considerable improvements are also noted when using individual newspapers and keyword based indices.     

Coping with Autonomy

Abstract

The question examined in this article is how decentralization of power and responsibilities in public administration affects the interaction between bureaucrats and politicians. Three factors were identified as potential predictors: executive authority; the nature of administrative decision making; and the nature of the relationship between bureaucrats and union officials. Data were collected through a survey administered to ninety-eight senior bureaucrats at the county level in Norway. Correlation and hierarchical regression analyses revealed that the character of the relationship between bureaucrats and union officials had the greatest impact on the interaction between bureaucrats and politicians. The more trustful the relationship, the less the interaction, while the stronger the dependency of bureaucrats on unions, the more intensive the interaction. Decision making that involves negotiations increased interaction, as did the bureaucrats' perception of themselves as clearly superior to their staff – as opposed to a perception of themselves as being in an advisory position.     

Forecasting with trees

The prevalence of approaches based on gradient boosted trees among the top contestants in the M5 competition is potentially the most eye-catching result. Tree-based methods out-shone other solutions, in particular deep learning-based solutions. The winners in both tracks of the M5 competition heavily relied on them. This prevalence is even more remarkable given the dominance of other methods in the literature and the M4 competition. This article tries to explain why tree-based methods were so widely used in the M5 competition. We see possibilities for future improvements of tree-based models and then distill some learnings for other approaches, including but not limited to neural networks.     

Wrestling with government

Individuals can hardly determine the way large appropriations of federal money are spent in projects such as the War on Poverty, but individuals can influence the legislators who are responsible for passing legislation in the first place. Here are some suggestions for action.     

Spanning with indexes

This paper presents several approximation theorems of a general contingent claim in terms of index options. We demonstrate that any contingent claim on the primitive securities in an infinite state economy can be approximated arbitrarily close by a portfolio of index options. In addition, these index options are associated with the same payout function, which belongs to a large and explicit class of one-variable measurable functions. I also characterize the layer structure of a general contingent claim.     

Contests with investment

Perfectly discriminating contests (all pay auctions) are widely used as a model of situations where individuals devote resources to win some prize. In reality such contests are often preceded by investments of the contestants into their ability to fight in the contest. This paper studies a two stage game where in the first stage, players can invest to lower their bid cost in a perfectly discriminating contest, which is played in the second stage. Different assumptions on the timing of investment are studied. With simultaneous investments, equilibria in which players play a pure strategy in the investment stage are asymmetric, exhibit incomplete rent dissipation, and expected effort is reduced relative to the game without investment. There also are symmetric mixed strategy equilibria with complete rent dissipation. With sequential investment, the first mover always invests enough to deter the second mover from investing, and enjoys a first mover advantage. I also look at unobservable investments and endogenous timing of investments. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.