Efficient Computation of Hedging Portfolios for Options with Discontinuous Payoffs

We consider the problem of computing hedging portfolios for options that may have discontinuous payoffs, in the framework of diffusion models in which the number of factors may be larger than the number of Brownian motions driving the model. Extending the work of Fournié et al. (1999) , as well as Ma and Zhang (2000) , using integration by parts of Malliavin calculus, we find two representations of the hedging portfolio in terms of expected values of random variables that do not involve differentiating the payoff function. Once this has been accomplished, the hedging portfolio can be computed by simple Monte Carlo. We find the theoretical bound for the error of the two methods. We also perform numerical experiments in order to compare these methods to two existing methods, and find that no method is clearly superior to others.     

Optimal Malliavin Weighting Function for the Computation of the Greeks

This paper reexamines the Malliavin weighting functions introduced by Fournié et al. (1999) as a new method for efficient and fast computations of the Greeks. Reexpressing the weighting function generator in terms of its Skorohod integrand, we show that these weighting functions have to satisfy necessary and sufficient conditions expressed as conditional expectations. We then derive the weighting function with the smallest total variance. This is of particular interest as it bridges the method of Malliavin weights and the one of likelihood ratio, as introduced by Broadie and Glasserman (1996) . The likelihood ratio is precisely the weighting function with the smallest total variance. We finally examine when to use the Malliavin method and when to prefer finite difference.     

Classical and Impulse Stochastic Control of the Exchange Rate Using Interest Rates and Reserves

We consider the problem of a Central Bank that wants the exchange rate to be as close as possible to a given target, and in order to do that uses both the interest rate level and interventions in the foreign exchange market. We model this as a mixed classical‐impulse stochastic control problem, and provide for the first time a solution to that kind of problem. We give examples of solutions that allow us to perform an interesting economic analysis of the optimal strategy of the Central Bank.     

金融业金融功能异化:表现形式与功能归位

本文认为,中国金融业发挥着提供铸币收入、平衡预算赤字、替代财政投资、平衡地区差距、替代财政补贴等“第二财政”功能。这种替代既有逻辑上的必然性———渐进式改革的必然要求,也有其现实上的不合理性———财政功能与金融功能错位。中央政府和地方政府主导下的金融分割,造成了这一错位,只有加快金融制度建设,促进财政到位,才能使得金融归位。     

拼凑式金融监管模式的无缝化修正

金融危机后,各国金融监管广受诟病.欧美等发达国家开始转换金融监管思路,从东道国监管和母国监管之争转向对监管契合问题的探索,并从这个角度提出了拼凑式金融监管模式的主流研究概念,认为其固有的监管隔断和空隙的危害性是造成此次金融危机蔓延发展的主要原因.本文试图通过形成超级监管形式、以监管互律来促进监管合作、分层次统一监管等方式,讨论拼凑式金融监管模式的无缝化修正.     

Financial profiles and the disclosure of expenditures for socially responsible purposes

Recently the relationship between “socially responsible” activities and the financial performance of corporations has received attention in the business literature. Most studies have focused on the market reaction of shareholders to the disclosure of both monetary and nonmonetary corporate contributions relating to pollution control, employee welfare, affirmative action, and other activities deemed to be in the public interest. Results of this research have been mixed, with some authors finding favorable market response to socially responsible actions, and others finding no difference between the market performance of more and less responsible firms. The purpose of this paper is to examine financial performance and socially responsible activities from a different perspective. Specifically, it examines the relationship between the disclosure of monetary expenditures for various social initiatives and composite financial accounting profiles of disclosing and nondisclosing firms. Using two-group discriminant analysis, the authors conclude that management tends to disclose monetary expenditures for these generally nonproductive purposes at times when the financial statements of the firm otherwise look favorable to shareholders. Such disclosure in a sample of Fortune 500 firms in 1976 and 1977 was clearly not unrelated to financial performance, and neither did it appear to occur in order to explain relatively poor financial statements.     

强化金融支持中小企业发展创新的对策思路

目前中小企业贷款已进入高速发展期。建立高效的金融支持体系对促进中小企业发展创新、保持经济持续发展具有重大的现实意义。金融支持的目的,是通过各种金融支持方式帮助中小企业在获得资金的基础上,借助融资推动中小企业改善经营管理、促进中小企业成长发展。强化对中小企业发展创新的金融支持,应抓住金融结构创新这条主线,研究制定与《物权法》相适应的配套措施,促进中小企业融资方式创新;依靠两个完全不同的金融市场,建立和完善为中小企业服务的金融组织;完善担保运行机制,促进中小企业担保信用体系健康发展;用新的理念、新的经营模式,为中小企业定做融资产品。