产品市场竞争、融资约束与组织冗余结构

从产品市场和金融市场的视角,分析产品市场竞争对组织冗余结构的影响,并在此基础上研究融资约束的情境效应,最后讨论冗余结构偏离对企业绩效的影响。研究结果发现：产品市场竞争越激烈,企业持有的非沉淀性冗余资源比例越少;企业面临的融资约束程度越严重,表现为企业规模越小、企业负债率越低时,产品市场竞争对组织冗余结构的负向影响越强;最后,当企业实际冗余结构偏离标准冗余结构时,将会对企业绩效产生不利影响。研究结论为理论界和企业界进一步加深对组织冗余结构的理解和管理提供了新的理论诠释和实践指导。     

大型国有企业实施预算管理的经验和问题探讨

为适应激烈的竞争环境,中国的大型国有企业根据自身的情况,不断的探索符合自身要求的预算管理模式,并在探索中积累经验。本文总结了大型国有企业在预算管理方面的经验,并提出了问题和建议。     

制造企业全面预算管理常见问题与改善措施

全面预算管理是企业财务建设的重中之重,能够很好地将企业各部门与企业财务及非财务资源进行合理的分配以及利用,以此来完善企业财务管理机制,促使企业快速发展。在我国经济由快速发展阶段转变到稳定发展的阶段下,市场经济在我国推动经济发展方面发挥着重要的作用,越来越多的制造企业意识到全面预算管理对企业的经济发展有着直接的影响。全面预算管理系统是推动制造企业经济稳定发展的有效方式,能够大幅度地改善制造企业的组织性和协调性。     

Product Market Competition,Skill Shortages and Productivity: Evidence from Canadian Manufacturing Firms

In this paper, we estimate the impacts of product market competition and skill shortages on the productivity level performance of Canadian manufacturing firms. We use firms perceptions of their competitive environment from the Statistics Canada 1999 Survey of Innovation to measure product market competition and skill shortages. We argue in the paper that such perceptions are important for productivity level performance. After controlling for other factors, we find that product market competition has a positive impact on the performance of medium-sized and large-sized firms, and that skill shortages have a negative impact on the performance of small-sized and medium-sized firms.Jel Classification: L0, O0     

我国中小企业融资约束、代理成本与生产效率关系研究——基于我国180家上市公司的统计数据

中小企业是我国国民经济发展的重要组成部分,对于我国国民经济持续稳定的发展有着重要的促进作用。但是我国中小企业由于存在规模都比较小、体制不完善等问题,因此在融资时有许多困难;并且现代企业制度所有权和经营权分离,又会出现代理成本问题;同时目前国内生产资料价格普遍上升,就如何提高生产效率降低生产成本成为这些中小企业共同面临的问题。文章就上述中小企业问题进行实证研究,检验了融资约束、代理成本与生产效率之间存在的关系。     

Soft budget constraints and strategic interactions in subnational borrowing: Evidence from the German States, 1975-2005

Cooperative federations are usually characterized by the existence of bailout guarantees and intergovernmental transfer schemes. This paper explores whether such features of cooperative federations lead to subnational soft budget constraints using panel data from the German States covering the 1975-2005 period. The methodology is based on the premise that subnational governments’ borrowing will exhibit vertical and horizontal strategic interactions if they operate under soft budget constraints. Therefore, a test for strategic interactions in subnational borrowing can be used to infer whether a cooperative federation like Germany is susceptible to soft budget constraints. The results suggest that state borrowing in Germany exhibited horizontal but not vertical interactions during the time-frame of the analysis. This indicates (i) that German States faced soft budget constraints and (ii) that they were more concerned about the likelihood of a bailout than about its volume.     

同步性、隐性保险与商业银行市场约束——来自中国上市商业银行的经验证据

本文采用Demirgüc-Kunt&Huizinga(2004)的研究模型,验证了在中国上市商业银行中是否存在市场约束效应以及同步性和隐性保险对市场约束的影响。研究发现了中国上市商业银行存在市场约束的证据,表现为银行风险增加时,存款增长率降低,说明风险越大的银行越难吸收到存款;而且银行股价的同步性越低这一相关关系的敏感度越高,说明银行向市场披露的自身信息越多,市场约束的效果越明显;而政府的支持则会降低存款增长率与风险关系的敏感度,证明了隐性保险的存在会减弱存款人风险监督的激励。     

我国民营物流企业的优势、问题及对策

近年来,我国物流市场已形成外资物流企业、国有物流企业及民营物流企业“三足鼎立”的竞争格局,民营物流企业如何在竞争中站稳脚跟并不断发展壮大,这是每一位民营物流企业管理者最应该关注的一个重要课题.本文从管理体制、经营决策、资金及经营管理经验等方面分析了民营物流企业拥有的优势,提出在资金、企业规模、服务能力、信息化、人才、管理等方面存在的问题,并在此基础上提出了相应的发展对策.     

内部资本市场、上市公司投融资行为异化与公司业绩——基于明天科技的案例研究

在中国特殊的融资环境下,上市公司在民营系族企业集团内部资本市场上的功能定位,及其对上市公司投融资行为及公司业绩的影响,为规范我国民营上市公司投融资行为提供经验证据。采用案例研究的方法,本文发现,明天科技在明天系的内部资本市场中,承担着融资窗口的功能。在这种功能定位下,明天科技的投融资行为出现异化：一方面,明天科技的外部融资功能过度强化,其筹资额远远超过自身发展的需求;另一方面,明天科技大量进行长期股权投资,但长期股权投资并不是为了提升上市公司业绩,而是演变为向明天系其他企业提供资金的隐秘渠道。明天科技的异化投融资行为,导致上市公司业绩下滑,侵害中小投资者利益。     

The adoption of high performance work practices in small businesses: the influence of markets,business characteristics and HR expertise

This paper explores the extent to which the adoption of high performance work practices (HPWPs) in UK small businesses with less than 50 employees is associated with the nature of the market in which the business operates, its business characteristics and its access to HR expertise. Drawing on data from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey, the analysis suggests that, where market-related factors are concerned, the uptake of HPWPs is higher in small businesses that require a highly skilled workforce but is unrelated to either the degree of market competition or the presence of large dominant customers. In terms of access to HR expertise, the analysis finds greater use of HPWPs in small businesses that have contact with external sources of HR advice via membership of business advisory networks or Investors in People (IiP) recognition. However, uptake is unrelated to the presence of personnel/HR specialists. Overall, the findings suggest that rather than depicting employment practices in small businesses as the inevitable consequence of market circumstances, encouraging greater small business involvement with business advisory networks and IiP may have the potential to increase the adoption of HPWPs in the sector.