跨国合资企业管理者的组织承诺

跨国合资企业管理者常常在多角关系中夹缝求生,这可能引发多组织承诺困境和忠诚冲突。本文通过实证研究发现,超过三分之一的受访者感受到多组织承诺困境和忠诚冲突。本文还分析了多组织承诺困境和忠诚冲突的负面影响,并提出了相应的解决之道。     

跨国合资企业形成知识合作剩余的创造动因分析

跨国合资企业的形成有其必然性与合理性。从合作剩余的概念着手,分析了跨国合资企业知识合作剩余产生的源泉,解释了跨国合资企业形成的知识合作剩余创造机理,为我国企业跨国经营与应对外资进入提供了管理思路。     

合资企业的前期谈判评价

本文建立了一个中、外双方谈判合资办企业的一般性数学模型，并对该模型的实用性进行了评价，同时还介绍了一个依据该模型与外商谈判的实际案例。     

IJV的知识获取和绩效：控制视角的研究

国际合资公司（IJV）是中国企业学习国外先进的技术和科学的管理模式以及获取国外资金和资源的重要平台,而如何全方位地实现合资的目的是企业必须思考的重要问题。本文基于控制和知识管理等理论,构建了关于整合机制、知识获取和组织绩效的新的理论模型,并以华南地区的96家IJV企业为样本,使用结构方程模型的方法检验该模型,结果表明,整合机制正向影响知识获取,知识获取正向影响组织绩效,而整合机制对组织绩效没有直接的正向影响。本文的理论贡献在于遵循控制-知识-绩效的路径建立和检验了新的理论模型;实践启示在于中方企业应该增强对IJV的控制意识和能力,采取综合协调恰当有效的控制机制,在与外方的博弈中争取主动,获取更多的管理和技术知识,培育技术研发和知识管理能力,积极地实现当初预定的学习目标,从而提高我国企业的整体技术水平和国际竞争能力。     

台湾创业投资税收政策及其启示

台湾地区的创业投资是推动科技产业发展的重要力量,目前其活跃程度仅次于美国排名全球第二.在创投业发展的不同阶段,台湾政府主要采用对创投公司股东提供投资税收抵减优惠政策、健全创投业筹资、投资范围及退出渠道建设等方法,来引导创投业的发展.从台湾的经验中我们可以看出税收政策支持创业投资事业的必要性、有效性.相比而言,大陆地区针对创业投资行业的税收政策存在缺位现象.借鉴台湾经验,可以对创业投资采取阶段性倾斜政策.     

International Coordination and Precautionary Policies

ABSTRACT

This paper highlights the rare conditions that lead to international cooperation, and the reasons why eliciting this cooperation may be beneficial in preventing adverse tail shocks from spiraling into global depressions. In normal economic times, deeper macro cooperation among countries is associated with welfare gains akin to Harberger’s second-order magnitude triangle, thus making the odds of cooperation low. When bad tail events induce imminent threats of financial collapse, the perceived losses have a first-order magnitude of terminating the total Marshalian surpluses. The apprehension of these losses in perilous times may elicit rare and beneficial macro cooperation. We close the paper by overviewing the obstacles preventing cooperation and the proliferation of precautionary policies of emerging market economies as a second-best outcome of limited cooperation.     

Joint Venture for a New Product and Antitrust Exemptions

The present paper analyses different forms of organising a JV for the introduction of a new product. It is shown that under non contractible effort levels by the parent companies, a non cooperative solution, due to free-riding, is less desirable than one where firms cooperate not only at the R&D but also at the selling stage. Also, allowing firms to set up a production JV may be an alternative way to improve upon the fully non cooperative solution. An Antitrust authority should therefore consider the possible destructive effects on the JV results of prohibitions of inter-firm cooperation.     

浅谈合资企业中的国有资产保护问题

在福建的外商投资企业中,中外合资企业占有重要的地位。其工商注册企业数量达5000多家,注册投资总额达150多亿美元。发展至今,有成功的,也有不成功的。但不论成功与否,有一个问题应该引起我们重视,那就是如何确保中外合资企业中的国有资产不流失。笔者认为,应该注意如下几个问     

完善滨海新区风险投资政策与法律体系的构想

天津滨海新区的发展离不开中小企业的发展，更需要依靠科技创新型企业的发展，因此能否充分利用创业风险投资这个独特的融资渠道，是天津滨海新区中小型高科技企业发展的关键所在。目前天津滨海新区创业风险投资的发展存在诸多制约因素，应采取措施，完善相关政策与法律体系，以确保滨海新区健康、协调发展。     

2006年国际风险投资研究特征及前沿动态综述

建立了一个新的分析框架,将风险投资研究分为经济学和管理学两个维度12个研究领域,使用Excel分析了2006年国际风险投资研究的特征,重点介绍了风险投资研究的前沿动态,给出了可能的研究方向。     

促进风险投资发展的税收政策选择

本文在分析了税收与风险投资相关性的基础上,结合我国风险投资税收政策的现状,提出了促进风险投资发展的税收政策措施.笔者认为,根据我国实际,对风险投资的税收政策应具有系统性,即应对风险投资包括的三个市场主体--风险投资者、风险投资公司和风险投资企业分别采取相应的税收优惠政策,以有利于风险投资事业的发展.     

Habits And Durability In Consumption And The Effects Of Exchange Rate Policies

The effects of exchange rate policies are worked out in a model in which consumption goods are durable, and money enters the utility function. The interaction of habits and durability results in a non-monotonic adjustment of consumption expenditures, and the current account. As money does not exhibit durability, its dynamics are montonic, and determined mainly by habits effects. Hence, an increase in the rate of depreciation of the domestic currency will very likely lead to a nomonotonic adjustment of consumption and the current account, while the adjustment of real money holdings will be monotonic [F31, F32, F41]     

International Cross-Ownership and Strategic Trade Policies

The paper analyzes a model of strategic trade policies in the presence of international cross-ownership of firms that are heterogenous both in terms of costs and in terms of extent of foreign ownership. The equilibrium pattern of taxes and subsidies is characterized for any arbitrary cross-ownership profile, and any number of heterogenous firms. The equilibrium subsidy (or tax) given to any firm is shown to depend, in a separable manner, on the firm's characteristics and on the covariance of the distribution of cost and foreign ownership across firms. A neutrality theorem is proved concerning the Nash equilibrium of the game between governments: in equilibrium, the pattern of trade, the value of each firm, and world welfare are independent of the ownership pattern.     

跨国合资企业决策权的知识控制系统研究

跨国合资企业的经营决策权控制是跨国公司实施全球战略的关键。从企业价值运营的视角剖析了决策权的知识分配,从价值链和科层管理两个维度分析跨国合资企业决策权的知识控制实质,并构建了知识控制系统。提出了跨国合资企业决策权的管理策略。     

中外合资企业治理模式探析

改革开放以来,我国中外合资企业从无到有,从少到多,从单一领域扩展到国民经济各个领域,呈现出一个迅猛发展的势头,中外合资企业已成为我国国民经济中十分重要的组成部分。本文试图从中外合资企业治理模式的特殊性入手,探析这种特殊性     

中外合资企业跨文化管理模式研究

中外合资企业的人员构成通常包括来自中外两国或更多国家的雇员,复杂的企业文化环境、巨大的文化差异,往往导致企业内部文化冲突的产生,这是威胁企业能否健康成长的关键问题之一,因此跨文化管理模式的选择对中外合资企业的内部管理和整体发展具有极其重要的现实意义.本文通过对中外合资企业文化环境的分析,同时结合人的文化适应能力的发展规律,试图建立一套满足企业不同阶段经营需要的跨文化管理模式,并结合案例加以研究.     

Organization Design and Information-Sharing in a Research Joint Venture with Spillovers

The paper presents a non-tournament model of process innovation with spillovers in the R&D process when firms engage in Cournot competition in the product market. It is shown that careful modelling of information-sharing and coordination of research activities leads to the conclusion that a Research Joint Venture (RJV) will economize on scarce R&D resources. There is an analysis of the effects of R&D cooperation, in the form of an RJV, on the organization of R&D, i.e. the efficient number of research labs. R&D expenditure, which precedes production, results in lower unit costs. R&D is modelled as a two-stage process: in the first stage, firms incur expenditure that will generate new knowledge, while in the second stage this knowledge is employed to reduce unit costs. A distinction is made between single and complementary research paths. It is shown that the RJV will operate one lab in the case of a single research path exploiting its coordination advantage. In the case of complementary research paths the number of labs the RJV will operate crucially depends on the stage of the R&D process at which diminishing returns occur: it will operate both labs when diminishing returns occur at the first stage (creation of knowledge), while it will be indifferent as to the number of labs, one or two, when diminishing returns occur in the second stage (cost reduction).     

Industrial Policies: International Restructuring and Transnationals

We investigate the way structural change (measured in terms of the composition of production) affects the female employment to population ratios in thirty-nine least developed countries. We use random and fixed effects estimation techniques on a panel data from 1991 to 2010. Our findings highlight the importance of structural change on female access to employment. Specifically, we find that, while positive changes in the agriculture sector output tend to significantly favor female absolute and relative employment, those in the services as well as the manufacturing and non-manufacturing industry sectors tend to have negative effects where significant. In addition to sectoral effects, the increased access to education, industrialization, and the decreased reproduction responsibilities are important in enhancing female production responsibilities. Nonetheless, the role of infrastructure development in lessening the unpaid care burden of women, and consequently increasing their employment opportunities in both absolute and relative terms, cannot be underestimated.