河南省各地区经济增长的趋同与差异研究

文章研究了河南省各地区的经济趋同现象,并运用经济趋同和产业集聚理论对形成经济趋同的因素进行了研究,提出了相关的对策建议.结论是:河南省存在着三种不同的趋同俱乐部:郑州和洛阳;商丘、信阳、周口和驻马店以及其他地区;河南省的投资要发挥最大的经济效应必须根据各地区的推动产业来投资;各地区要想加快经济发展,形成本地区的推动产业,加大人力资本投资和扩大市场开放程度是必由之路.     

Sectoral co-movements of employment growth at regional level

This paper presents a comprehensive study of sectoral co-movements of employment growth in the entire Dutch economy. We construct different macro typologies according to manufacturing versus services, innovativeness, labour skills and position in the value chain, thus expanding the list of potential logics of sectoral interrelations. Using a vector autoregression model, we assess whether and how growth in a macro-sector, and in a given region, can predict growth in the same or other macro-sectors, in the same or in other regions. Our findings bring to light the inter-regional nature of intersectoral linkages, as well as the existence of complementarities between sectors. Supporting the growth of innovative firms could have positive externality effects, especially in the Knowledge-Intensive Business Services sector which is associated with the growth of the entire economy.     

Bank ownership and governance quality in India: Evolution and detection of convergence clubs

Utilizing a novel panel dataset for the period from 2009 to 2018, this paper investigates how the corporate governance of Indian banks has evolved since the post-global crisis and identifies convergence clubs among banks in distinct ownership groups. It also presents optimal policy priorities for specific aspects of corporate governance. To assess the quality of bank corporate governance, we used a non-parametric “Benefit-of-the-Doubt” (BoD) approach to create a bank-wise composite index of corporate governance based on 48 governance norms. Empirical results have shown that while Indian banks have made remarkable progress in adhering to the mostly mandatory corporate governance norms in the past few years, but their current level of governance isn’t adequate to characterize it as a “socially-efficient” structure. A typical public bank generally prioritized maintaining adequate disclosure and transparency, by and large, while a private bank focuses more spotlight on audit function, followed by risk management and board quality. The results based on Phillips and Sul’s (2007, 2009) clustering and merging algorithms reveal two convergent clubs in the private banking segment and a sole club in the public sector banking segment.     

Capital utilization, economic growth and convergence

Optimal decisions by economic agents regarding the utilization of capital lead to empirically plausible speeds of convergence in one-sector models of economic growth. The relationship between depreciation and capital utilization plays a crucial role in slowing down convergence to the steady state. Cross-country differences in the extent to which the capital utilization decision is internalized along the transition path may lead to differences in convergence rates, even for countries with similar initial and terminal conditions. Finally, by assuming a constant depreciation rate and full capital utilization, standard growth models may be overstating the magnitude of the steady-state equilibrium.     

Optimal city size,land tenure and the economic theory of clubs

In this paper, a connection is made between urban population size in the presence of increasing returns to scale, and the economic theory of clubs. It is shown that under certain conditions, the optimal size of the population is finite and that collective action are transferable concepts from the theory of clubs. The model is also solved in a closed format, i.e., including rent payments as part of total income, under two redistribution schemes. It is shown that the optimal size of the population is independent of the mode of ownership of the urban residential land, when the transportation cost function is linear.     

Testing neoclassical convergence in regional incomes and earnings

The time-series properties of per capita income and per capita earnings in the regions of the United States are tested for consistency with the neoclassical growth model's prediction of convergence. We find evidence for per capita income convergence for U.S. regions during the 1929–1990 period after allowing for a trend break in 1946. These findings support the neoclassical model's prediction of convergence. The evidence for per capita earnings convergence is, however, less conclusive. Shocks to per capita earnings are found to be more persistent than shocks to per capita income. This implies that the regional distribution of transfer payments tends to smooth the effects of deviation on relative regional per capita earnings and reinforce trends in per capita income convergence.     

汕尾区域文化对区域经济发展的影响及对策

文章概括了汕尾区域文化的特征,分析了其对汕尾区域经济发展的影响,并在此基础上提出了借力区域文化助推汕尾区域经济发展的具体对策。     

Growth, cycles and convergence in US regional time series

This article reports the results of fitting unobserved components (structural) time series models to data on real income per capita in eight regions of the United States. The aim is to establish stylised facts about cycles and convergence. It appears that while the cycles are highly correlated, the two richest regions have been diverging from the others in recent years. A new model is developed in order to characterise the converging behaviour of the six poorest regions. The model combines convergence components with a common trend and cycles. These convergence components are formulated as a second-order error correction mechanism which allows temporary divergence while imposing eventual convergence. After fitting the model, the implications for forecasting are examined. Finally, the use of unit root tests for testing convergence is critically assessed in the light of the stylised facts obtained from the fitted models.     

Endogenous fertility, multiple growth paths, and economic convergence

"This paper extends the Cass-Koopmans optimal growth model to allow for endogenous fertility choice. It is shown that if agents choose their fertility rate, then the net rate of return on capital (marginal product of capital minus the population growth rate) may not be monotonically decreasing in capital. In this case, multiple steady states and growth paths may emerge, which can explain the persistent differentials in income between poor and rich countries, as well as the existence of development miracles and disasters. The paper provides also empirical evidence which supports the existence of multiple convergence groups and is consistent with the theoretical model."     

Training and economic density: Some evidence form Italian provinces

In this paper we use a search and matching model to investigate the economic relationship between training and local economic conditions. We identify two aspects of this relationship going in opposite directions: on the one hand, the complementarity between local knowledge spillovers and training generates a positive correlation between training and local density; on the other hand, higher wages and labor turnover in denser areas reduce training. Overall the relationship can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative strength of these two effects. Our empirical analysis, based on a sample of Italian firms, shows that training is lower in provinces with higher labor market density, measured as the number of employees per squared kilometer.     

发展品牌经济,提升民族地区经济竞争力

改革开放后,我国涌现出了大量全国乃至世界知名品牌.许多知名品牌在同一地区出现,并带动地区经济发展.人们在总结这些地区成功经验时,发现成功的背后其实隐藏着更深层次的东西,这就是政府职能部门和整个社会的品牌意识、品牌文化以及适合品牌生存的制度环境等.人们将这种所谓以品牌企业或品牌产品为龙头,带动地方经济整体发展的经济称为品牌经济.品牌经济是区域经济发展的源动力.发展品牌经济是适应知识社会、信息社会的需要,是应对世界经济一体化挑战,推动民族地区经济结构升级,提升综合竞争力,实现可持续发展的重要举措.     

The power of text-based indicators in forecasting Italian economic activity

Can we use newspaper articles to forecast economic activity? Our answer is yes; and, to this end, we propose a high-frequency Text-based Economic Sentiment Index (TESI) and a Text-based Economic Policy Uncertainty (TEPU) for Italy. Novel survey evidence regarding Italian firms and households supports the rationale behind studying text data for the purposes of forecasting. Such indices are extracted from approximately 1.5 million articles from 4 popular newspapers, using a novel Italian economic dictionary with valence shifters. The TESI and TEPU can be updated daily for the whole economy and for specific sectors or economic topics. To test the predictive power of our indicators, we propose two forecasting exercises. Firstly, we use Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) techniques to show that our monthly text-based indicators greatly reduce the uncertainty surrounding the short-term predictions of the main macroeconomic aggregates, especially during recessions. Secondly, we employ these indices in a weekly GDP tracker, achieving sizeable gains in forecasting accuracy, both in normal and turbulent times.     

浅析构建区域资本市场对区域经济发展的影响

区域经济是整个国民经济的基础,但各个区域由于历史,经济基础和国家政策等不同的原因,产生了发展不平衡的现象,现阶段最为突出的就是“中部塌陷”。一般来说,资本往往是区域经济发展中最稀缺的要素,而构建区域资本市场就是一条较好的途径。文章主要从区域资本市场的特点和规律出发,以及对区域经济的作用入手,对构建区域资本市场提出了建议。     

关中城市群建设与区域经济发展

本文借助Zipf公式考察了陕西省关中地区自1978年到2002年间城市规模分布的变化趋势。根据统计资料,本文对关中城市群发展现状和趋势进行了分析,从三个方面分析了影响关中地区社会经济和城市群发展的主要因素及相互作用关系,提出了如何加快关中城市群建设的有关建议。     

Public spending,public governance and economic growth at the Vietnamese provincial level: A disaggregate analysis

This study examines the role of economic governance in the relationship between public spending, private investment, and economic growth in Vietnam at the provincial level. The study data consist of sixty-two Vietnamese provinces for the period 2006–2015. Some notable results are attained by applying a sequential (two-stage) estimation. First, the marginal benefits to economic growth of increased Vietnamese provincial government expenditures may be constrained because of the inefficiency of expenditures on education, business services, and public administration. Second, public spending and private investment are found to be substitutes at the provincial level. Third, based on the Provincial Competitiveness Index (PCI) ranking, used as a proxy for provincial public governance in Vietnam, the significance of public governance can be observed. The study concludes that good governance, characterized by different attributes, such as lower informal charges, greater transparency, and unbiased policy, plays a critical role in improving the impact of government expenditure on economic growth in Vietnamese provinces, particularly through its interactions with private sector investment.     

L‐moments skewness and kurtosis as measures of regional convergence and cohesion

The paper deals with the statistical modeling of convergence and cohesion over time with the use of kurtosis, skewness and L‐moments. Changes in the shape of the distribution related to the spatial allocation of socio‐economic phenomena are considered as an evidence of global shift, divergence or convergence. Cross‐sectional time‐series statistical modeling of variables of interest is to overpass the minors of econometric theoretical models of convergence and cohesion determinants. L‐moments perform much more stable and interpretable than classical measures. Empirical evidence of panel data proves that one pure pattern (global shift, polarization or cohesion) rarely exists and joint analysis is required.     

Labour market dualism and industrial relations in Europe

This article studies the regulation of fixed‐term contracts and its effects on European industrial relations (2002–06). The study reveals a positive association between temporary employment and industrial conflict and evaluates three mechanisms that may account for this association in 18 European countries. The study reveals that the more these contracts are used, the lower the level of wages and job security workers can expect.