投资者异质信念与股票流动性研究—基于股票网络社区数据挖掘的证据

本文从投资者异质信念角度出发,先基于Lucas纯交换经济系统构建数量模型研究两期交易过程中投资者异质信念与股票流动性的内在关系。然后基于上证50成分股2015年1月-2019年9月的日度数据验证上述关系。利用python爬取东方财富股吧相应个股的帖子,并构建机器学习模型对其进行情感极性分析,构建投资者异质信念的直接衡量指标。通过个股日度行情数据度量流动性。最后通过双向固定效应模型深入分析了投资者异质信念与股票流动性的影响效应。研究结果表明投资者异质信念与股票非流动性显著正相关,即与股票流动性水平呈现显著的负相关。意味着投资者异质信念程度越大,股票流动性水平将下降。     

媒体关注、投资者异质信念与股价同步性

从媒体与投资者的视角,考察信息传递者与信息接收者对股价同步性的影响.研究发现:媒体关注与股价同步性显著负相关,且媒体对股价同步性的降低作用更多是由于其扮演了"噪音推手"而非"价值传递"的角色;投资者异质信念与股价同步性显著负相关,且投资者异质信念主要通过"噪音渠道"使股价同步性降低;媒体关注与投资者异质信念之间存在替代效应,即一方活动的加强将削弱另一方对股价同步性的降低作用.研究结论为规范和引导媒体与投资者行为,进而提升证券市场定价效率提供了重要启示.     

投资者异质信念与公司股利支付研究

在逻辑分析和模型推理的基础上,本文利用我国沪深两市2009-2010年上市公司股利政策的数据,探讨了投资者异质信念与上市公司股利支付倾向之间的关系。研究表明:当投资者异质信念越大时,上市公司支付股利的可能性越小。     

异质信念与股票收益——基于我国股票市场的实证研究

本文以经调整后的换手率和收益波动率作为投资者异质信念的代理指标,采用1997—2007年间的样本数据,分别运用资产组合分析法和截面收益回归法,直接验证在我国股票市场上投资者异质信念对股票收益的影响。本文的研究发现支持了基于异质信念假设的资产定价理论:在卖空限制约束下,异质信念导致当期股价高估,与股票未来收益负相关。文章的结论经FF四因素模型调整后依然成立。本文还发现,与美国股票市场相比,我国股票市场高估程度更严重,持续时间更长。因此,引入卖空机制可以在一定程度上解决我国股票市场高估问题。     

企业社会责任、投资者异质信念与融资约束

本文以我国沪深两市2009-2016年A股上市公司为研究样本,实证检验企业社会责任与融资约束以及投资者异质信念之间的关系。研究发现:企业社会责任可以负向作用于投资者异质信念,企业积极承担社会责任,将促进企业降低投资者异质信念程度;投资者异质信念正向作用于融资约束,企业面临的投资者异质信念程度越高,由此带来的融资约束越严重;企业社会责任可以负向作用于融资约束,企业承担社会责任有利于缓解企业面临的融资约束困境;投资者异质信念是企业社会责任作用于融资约束的中介变量。研究结论表明,应当加快完善相应的法律制度,提升企业的社会责任意识,加强投资者信息识别能力。     

投资者异质信念对盈余公告效应影响的实证研究

本文从投资者异质信念视角对盈余公告效应进行实证.结果表明投资者异质信念是影响盈余惯性的一个重要因素,投资者的异质信念与盈余公告后的累积超常收益正相关.     

投资者异质信念与企业投资效率研究

在限制卖空的背景下,异质信念一词已被广泛应用,它打破传统金融学理论的一系列基本前提,从一个全新的方面展现出资本市场种种关系。通过延续之前学者的研究成果,从异质信念角度研究企业的投资效率,研究表明:投资者异质信念会造成企业的非效率投资,这是企业管理层迎合投资者的一种方式,其中投资者异质信念既会造成企业的投资过度,同时也会减弱企业的投资不足。     

投资者异质信念影响定向增发折扣率吗

本文以2006—2012年在中国资本市场实施定向增发再融资的A股上市公司为研究对象,从投资者异质信念视角下考察了对定向增发折扣率的影响。理论分析和实证结果均已验证:当上市公司实施定向增发时,如果向机构投资者增发新股,投资者异质信念与定向增发的市场折扣率负相关;如果发行对象为公司大股东,则投资者异质信念与定向增发的市场折扣率正相关。进一步检验投资者异质信念与定向增发宣告效应,同样支持上述结论。本文的研究结论扩展了行为金融理论对中国资本市场"金融异象"解释的研究范畴。     

定向增发文献综述:投资者异质信念视角

近年来,基于异质信念的行为金融理论已经成为国际学术界的重要研究前沿。本文将从投资者异质信念视角出发分析其对我国上市公司定向增发的影响作用,首先异质信念的内涵加以分析,然后通过文献梳理总结投资者异质信念对定向增发股票的公告效应、折价率以及长期市场反应的影响,最后提出研究展望。     

投资者异质信念与股市风险文献综述

随着近年来行为金融学的不断发展,投资者异质信念作为一个重要概念被许多学者所关注。本文系统地回顾了异质信念这一概念的发展以及其对股市风险的影响,特别是对异质信念模型的发展过程以及其对诸多金融异象的解释等方面进行系统的梳理和总结,以期启发后人对这一领域的研究。     

Husband-wife report disagreement A cross-national investigation

In international marketing research, the reports of one family member are often used when investigating consumption-related characteristics, attitudes and behaviors of the entire family. Studies conducted primarily in the United States suggest that such usage may be subject to unknown biases due to substantial disagreement between spouses on key variable reports. However, little is known about husband-wife report disagreement cross-nationally. The present article provides empirical evidence on this issue through a study of husband-wife report disagreements in three countries - France, Libya and the United States. Based on empirical and socio-historical evidence, several propositions are suggested to facilitate future cross-national research on the nature and scope of husband-wife report disagreement.     

Disagreement points in trade negotiations

This paper analyzes trade negotiations between two large countries in the framework of an alternating-offer bargaining model with endogenous interim disagreement actions. Despite of the flexibility in disagreement tariff selection, the countries would keep the status quo tariffs in disagreement periods as far as the country which benefits from keeping the status quo tariffs compensates for the other country’s foregone gains from deviating in disagreement actions. Each equilibrium outcome converges to a corresponding Nash bargaining solution whose disagreement point reflects the status quo tariff rates as well as the threat of raising the tariff to the Nash tariff rate.     

Explorative Nature of Negotiation in Participatory Decision Making for Sustainability

Land use planning and policy making for environmental systems involve uncertainty, long time scales, and complex socio-natural systems and processes; most decisions are often characterized by conflict and tension and give rise to disagreements which are widely considered and managed as disagreement about socio-environmental values. Although the growing acceptance of participatory models in environmental planning and policy making is forcing the public authorities to implement participatory mechanisms, participation practices are not showing much effectiveness in reducing conflict and tension. This paper argues that negotiation approaches in participatory decision making often pose the attention on disputing actors and their related values (in the field of environmental planning, on socio-environmental values) thus amplifying the risk for conflict to sharpen. Participation practices, in fact, often use Decision and Conflict Analysis models as means to disclose structures of parties’ values and preferences to parties themselves, thus risking to enhance sources for conflict and tension. In this article, participation is conceptualized as an exploration process looking for decision ‘opportunities’ which allow transforming participatory decision making into operational collaboration. To illustrate the discussion we present a case of participatory decision making process in the Torre Guaceto wetland, a Natural Reserve in Southern Italy. The process refers to the formulation of the land use plan and is analysed by the application of a cognitive model. The analysis shows how the negotiation process evolves from a conflict to collaboration and becomes centred on the content of the decision rather than the social and environmental values involved.     

The Politicisation of EC Anti‐dumping Policy: Member States,Their Votes and the European Commission

This paper examines one political‐economy aspect of the European Communities’ (EC) anti‐dumping policy that has tended to be overlooked in prior studies; namely, the role that member states play in deciding whether to impose definitive duties on imports that have been found to be dumped and that are deemed to have injured a European industry. We find that, in the late 1990s, numerous disagreements between member states occurred over the merits of imposing anti‐dumping duties. These disagreements may well have been partly responsible for the strong decline in the number of European anti‐dumping investigations initiated after 1999.     

ENTENSITY OF FAMILY DISAGREEMENT OVER FINANCES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS*

Results from survey research using regression techniques indicate that disagreement over family finances for men was a function of management practices (negative), years married (negative), and wife's employment, with those who had part-time employed wives reporting more disagreement than those with non-employed wives. Disagreement over family finances for women was a function of frequency of communication (negative), perceived future financial security (negative), and wife's employment, with full-time employed wives reporting less disagreement over finances than non-employed wives. Since the stress and reduced maximization of resources implied by the high percentage of families reporting intense disagreement over finances ultimately affect their well-being, it is imperative that the skills of financial management and communication be developed through counselling and education.     

Comparison of codes of conduct for multinational corporations

The conflict between increasing technical and economic integration and a resistance to political integration has led to tension between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and nation states. One result has been a growth in pressures to regulate MNEs, often through codes of conduct. This article compares five codes of conduct prepared by groups ranging from the OECD to the non-aligned countries.While substantial areas of agreement are found, important disagreements over the objectives and provisions of a code of conduct do emerge on a North-South or rich-poor axis. The most important disagreements involve resolution of investor-host government disutes and questions of national treatment of investors.Although the major disagreements between rich and poor countries will be difficult to resolve, the article posits that the process of code development per se is valuable as a means of facilitating the transmutation of symbolic into concrete differences. The development of a reasonably explicit code for regulation of MNEs requires that the parties concentrate on relatively narrow issues areas and permissible behavior rather than symbolism and ideology. While important, and perhaps even interactable problems remain, it is suggested that the process of code development is important, as the relatively concrete differences that result are at least potentially subject to resolution through rational negotiation. Symbolic differences obviously are not.The article also suggests a minimal scope of issue areas to be covered if a code is to be an effective instrument.     

Ordered Weighted Disagreement Functions

In this paper a preference aggregation procedure is proposed for those cases in which decision-makers express their preferences by means of a ranking of alternatives. Among the most commonly applied methods for this purpose are those based on distance measures between individual and collective preferences, which look for the solution that minimizes the disagreement across decision-makers. Some models based on the minimization of the distance between rankings include weights to adjust the relative importance of the agents in the final decision, although in those cases, the weights are related with an a priori evaluation of the individuals and not with the behaviour of the agents in the group decision making process. In the model proposed here, a weighted disagreement function whose emphasis is on the ordered position of the individuals’ disagreement values is developed. In order to solve the problem, a mixed-integer linear programming model is constructed.     

Macro-economic determinants of consumer price knowledge: A meta-analysis of four decades of research

For the past four decades, dozens of researchers have studied consumer price knowledge, often with disagreements on the extent of consumer' ignorance about prices. While some of these disagreements have been attributed to research design variations among studies, no inquiry has yet been made on the role of the economic environment on consumer price knowledge. Nevertheless, environmental factors such as interest rates, unemployment, and economic growth may significantly influence consumers' knowledge of prices. Certain economic environments may therefore provide marketers with the ability to utilize pricing tactics which rely on limitations in consumers' knowledge of product prices. Using a meta-analytic framework, this paper synthesizes the results of 297 previous price knowledge studies to document the effects of inflation, unemployment, GDP growth, interest rates, country of study, and passage of time on consumer price knowledge. The meta-analysis results demonstrate that economic factors have considerable influence on explaining variations in consumer price knowledge. Managerial and public policy implications of the findings in light of turbulent economic environments are discussed.     

Concept testing

This paper is a review of concept testing based on the published literature and a series of personal interviews with leading practitioners. While there is considerable agreement on the usefulness of concept testing, practitioners disagree on the best way to perform them. In addition to highlighting these disagreements, the paper covers general suggestions for improving concept testing.     

Snipers, Stalkers, and Nibblers: Online Auction Business Ethics

Spirited disagreement exists among online auction participants over the ethics of sniping: delaying one's bid until the closing seconds of an online auction. Through analysis of the structural features of online auctions and by deploying Rawls's (1955) distinction between justifying an action under a practice and justifying the practice itself, I argue that: (i) the disagreement is better conceived as one over the ethics of online auction hosting (and therefore, over business ethics) than over the ethics of online auction participation; (ii) so conceived, the argument against sniping is nonetheless implausible; and (iii) the disagreement remains interesting not on the merits, but for the curious fact that it is bidders who complain about sniping.