云上的梦想发射器

轻资产的云创业公司,在硅谷、海法这样的创新核心区早已不算新鲜,但在中国,却鲜有像Dropbox、Klout和Evernote这样的成功案例。究其原因,无外乎因为国内的云服务商由于数据中心基础设施普遍欠佳、两张大网互通性问题、缺乏强有力的开发生态,而不能提供商用级别的云平台;而微软、亚马逊、谷歌等技术领先的云平台,却又因为政策的管制而无法进入中国市场。     

Food crisis detection: Going beyond the balance sheet

There is a disquieting tendency for agencies and governments involved in food crisis monitoring to neglect both the practical lessons of the past and widely disseminated recent academic research. One result of this is our inability to tackle adequately Africa's current food crises and famines. This article argues that we already know enough to devise viable strategies to deal with crisis, and that governments should be able to implement these without serious practical difficulty. The real difficulty lies in persuading officials in agencies and governments to view food crises as socioeconomic events, rather than purely as a result of climatological and agricultural catastrophies.     

Growth in teleconferencing: Looking beyond the rhetoric of readiness

The authors, addressing the question of why teleconferencing has not yet been implemented on the scale envisaged in the early 1970s, outline readiness factors and enabling forces relevant to teleconferencing growth. They argue that the optimistic demand forecasts were based on the assumption that the readiness factors would rapidly evolved into enabling forces. However, enabling forces are only beginning to emerge and the authors describe how these new forces could prompt the use of teleconferencing on a large scale.     

汪丽娟:从行业而及天下

河北保定依棉集团是以保定一棉纺织集团有限公司为基础,通过兼并、收购.直接投资等多种形式逐渐发展起来的,以纺织为主业的大型产业集团.厚重历史积累和近几年对内部结构、经营战略的不断调整,使依棉逐步发展成为行业内负有盛名的纺织品、服装供应商.集团现有总资产7.9亿元,纱锭1 3万枚,织机3580台,在职职工9051人,纱、布、时尚服装、服饰产品在国内外市场深受欢迎,年销售收入达5.6亿元.     

Broadband achievement index: Moving beyond availability

High-speed access to the Internet enhances economic prosperity, social development and global competitiveness. Significant progress has been made in broadband deployment in the last decade. Nevertheless, there are increasing gaps in broadband adoption, use and speed between, as well as within, the states. Federal and state legislators and regulators currently use a number of indicators such as adoption, availability and speed to track states’ progress in broadband diffusion in order to design appropriate policy responses. Single indicators, however, when analyzed individually, fall short of capturing multi-dimensional aspects of broadband diffusion and, thus, do not provide an integrated and easily comprehensible picture of states’ advancement. To monitor states’ overall progress it is useful to aggregate various indicators into a composite index that could measure the overall extent of broadband diffusion. A composite index can also provide with an important benchmark for designing policies to improve states’ overall performance. This paper offers a flexible framework for benchmarking states’ achievement in broadband diffusion by proposing a composite Broadband Achievement Index (BAI). The index combines several key performance indicators: broadband availability, adoption, competition, speed and the dispersion of broadband adoption within the states utilizing FCC's Form 477 data and the recently collected census block level broadband availability data from NTIA. The purpose is to provide a more comprehensive picture of where the states stand in their evolution toward high-performance America by measuring each state's current broadband achievement relative to other states and providing an important benchmark for assessing state-specific needs. The indicators are combined using the Benefit of the Doubt (BOD) methodology (Cherchye, Moesen, & Van Puyenbroeck, 2004). The methodology is founded on the premise that, absent a consensus on social policy priorities, that are, on which indicators are more important and should be given higher weights in the index, each state is granted leeway for deciding how to weigh its own indicators and the most favorable weights for indicators are determined for each state. A good relative performance in a particular dimension is seen as revealed evidence of setting high state policy priority to that indicator, when each state's specific policy priorities are unknown. Additionally, the Second Order Stochastic Dominance (SOSD) methodology is used to compare the dispersion of adoption in the states. Using SOSD the states are ranked under the assumption that proportionally higher and more equally distributed adoption rates are better.     

Toward universal telephone access: Market progress and progress beyond the market

The last 10 years have seen an explosion in access to telephone services worldwide based on rapid technology advance in increasingly competitive markets. The mobile phone has driven expansion in subscribers and access, especially in the developing world. This paper estimates global mobile footprint coverage based on 2002 data and calculates that as much as 77 percent of the world's population may live in an area covered by a mobile signal. Nonetheless, many people remain without access to telephony. The paper estimates the maximum likely cost in terms of cross subsidy within the industry and outside financing for achieving universal access using competitively awarded subsidies to private providers in a reformed market. This upper-end cost is estimated at $5.7 billion, with costs that could not be supplied by a reasonable tax on existing providers (and so required from outside the sector) estimated at $1.8 billion.     

2008年中国沥青市场回顾与2009年展望

2008年,中国沥青总产量约为848万吨,同比减少88万吨,降幅为9.4%;净进口量为320万吨,同比降低10%;表观消费量为1168万吨,同比减少124万吨,降幅为9.6%.2008年国内沥青价格和进口沥青价格随着国际原油价格大起大落,下半年价格急剧下滑.2009年,在国家为拉动内需大力支持交通基础设施建设的利好政策推动下,我国的公路建设将迎来新一轮的发展高潮,预计2009年国内沥青市场需求量同比将有较大幅度的增长,需求总量约为1428万～1596万吨.沥青的销售价格在经过第一季度的低位盘整期后,有望在二、三季度回升到一定高度,四季度可能有所回落或维持在相对合理的位置.     

中国燃料油市场2008年回顾及2009年展望

2008年国内燃料油产量为2229万吨,同比减少8.4%;净进口量为1435万吨,同比下降低29.4%;表观消费量为3664万吨,同比减少804万吨.2008年国内外燃料油市场价格前高后低,波动剧烈.新加坡180cSt高硫燃料油市场平均价格为511美元/吨,同比上涨35.5%:国内燃料油市场价格整体高于上年水平.预计2009年国内燃料油产量将有较大幅度的下降,进口量继续回落,供应量比2008年进一步减少.除船用燃料油需求量同比基本持平或略有下降外,发电、再加工以及炼钢、建筑等高能耗制造业的燃料油需求均将明显下降.预计2009年国内燃料油需求量为3250万～3350万吨,较2008年减少300万～400万吨.     

Moving beyond dichotomy: Comparing composite telecommunications regulatory governance indices

Despite an apparent consensus about the importance of the quality of telecommunications regulatory agencies, there is no agreement among researchers about how to measure it. While dichotomous coding of de jure independence has served as a proxy to measure whether an agency's regulatory governance is transparent, non-arbitrary, and free from political influence, we view measuring multiple components of regulatory governance including incorporating measures of regulatory independence into a composite index as providing a more nuanced understanding of facilitating or inhibiting factors. This paper compares composite telecommunications regulatory independence indices and regulatory governance indices available in the literature in order to construct more parsimonious indices. Using a methodology labeled “qualitative meta-synthesis” based on synthesizing previously published indices, we construct six different indices using combinations of 32 different variables, and different weights. Data from the OECD database are used to re-create the five original indices from the literature as well as our own six composites. Some of these indices (original and composites) were found to be negatively correlated with independent measures of regulatory governance such as the World Bank's Government Effectiveness Index and the Rule of Law Index; this may be attributable to the fact that countries, and especially those with poor overall governance standards, may need to put in place stronger telecommunications governance institutions in order to attract telecommunications investment to the country. The analysis suggests that a parsimonious index of as few as seven variables is capable of measuring the quality of telecommunications governance in a country, at the same time making the selection of variables and their weighting in the index more systematic than in previously available indices.     

2008年中国化工轻油市场回顾及2009年展望

2008年,受金融危机的影响,新加坡石脑油现货价格跟随国际油价大涨大跌,从年中的136美元/桶下跌到年末的30～40美元/桶。2008年中国化工轻油需求由之前的高速增长转为较上年小幅下降4%,全年化工轻油表观消费量仅为3300万吨。受国内炼厂增产成品油的影响,2008年化工轻油产量下降到3371万吨,收率也下跌到9.0%。石脑油进口量虽然从2008年上半年的持续低迷转为下半年的大幅反弹,但全年同比仍下降27.7%,至77.3万吨。东南沿海地区仍然是石脑油进口的主要目的地,其中山东省进口份额达66%。石脑油出口保持连续下跌的势头,2008年为151.4万吨,同比下降13.0%。国内石脑油依旧保持净出口状态。随着2009年国内新扩建乙烯裂解装置和PX装置的陆续投产,化工轻油的需求将大幅度增加,预计2009年需求量约为3800万～3850万吨。成品油价税费改革将有效抑制国内以一般贸易和进料加工出口为主的石脑油出口,刺激国内用于乙烯裂解和芳烃生产的石脑油进口,预计2009年石脑油进口量将达到140万～180万吨。     

Designer stories: a commentary on the community of design practice

This research explores the design practice of three prominent New Zealand designers. It seeks to identify the key elements and methodologies they employ and to answer the research question: How do designers design? The need to gain understanding on how designers work, gave me occasion to visit and speak with designers about their approach to design. To look inside a designer’s practice has left me with an overriding impression that these designers know and trust their own way of working, they do not map their thoughts onto a pre-existing process; rather, each new work dictates its own direction. Their understanding has come about through a wealth of design experiences, a way of seeing, and perceptive reflection-in-action.     

It's all B2B…and beyond: Toward a systems perspective of the market

The delineation of B2B from ‘mainstream’ marketing reflects the limitations of the traditional, goods-dominant (G-D) model of exchange and a conceptualization of value creation based on the ‘producer’ versus ‘consumer’ divide. Service-dominant (S-D) logic broadens the perspective of exchange and value creation and implies that all social and economic actors engaged in exchange (e.g., firms, customers, etc.) are service-providing, value-creating enterprises; thus, in this sense, all exchange can be considered B2B. From this perspective, the contributions of B2B marketing (and other sub-disciplines) can be seen as applicable to ‘mainstream’ marketing. This generic, actor-to-actor (A2A) orientation, in turn, points toward a dynamic, networked and systems orientation to value creation. This article discusses this systems-oriented framework and elaborates the steps necessary for developing it further into a general theory of the market, informed by the marketing sub-disciplines, marketing practices, and disciplines external to marketing.     

奥飞动漫：业绩符合预期，期待动漫玩具回暖

广东奥飞动漫文化股份有限公司2012年一季报业绩符合预期：公司一季度实现收入2．68亿,同比下滑3．8％。净利润3321．6万元,同比下降10．9％。由于前期已经发布5％-15％的业绩预减,符合预期。公司对2012年上半年净利润增速展望为5％-30％。正面：毛利率显著提升。公司一季度综合毛利率为40．9％,同比上升了5个百分点,环比提升了9．1个百分点。毛利率的提升,主要由于新增毛利较高的其他婴童产品,婴童业务规模增大。     

Driving shareholder value with customer asset management: Moving beyond customer lifetime value

Customer relationships can be conceptualized as market-based assets. Links have been shown between management of these assets and the creation of shareholder value. However, the business-to-business applications of customer asset management seem to lag behind the applications suggested in a business-to-consumer context. This occurrence is possibly related to an over-emphasis on customer lifetime value-based approaches that do not cover the complexities of business-to-business relationships. The authors posit that customer asset management applications should pay attention to all four drivers of shareholder value: revenue, cost, assets, and risk. Using as their basis a review of literature and the findings of an empirical research process consisting of three longitudinal case studies, the authors develop a conceptual framework, identify four research propositions, and outline 11 ways of managing business-to-business customer relationships for increased shareholder value. The findings from the case studies suggest that B2B firms are able to acknowledge all suggested shareholder value drivers. Findings also suggest that firms should develop customer portfolio models and differentiate their customer management concepts in order to move customer asset management beyond traditional acquisition–retention optimization.     

On the economics of nonprofit sellers: Output policies in community hospitals

In applications of the theory of the nonprofit firm it is commonly assumed that output and sales are equal. This paper proposes that the nonprofit firm may plan to produce, and actually produce, an output larger than it sells. We call such a strategy an "excess output" production policy. The policy can lead to chronic excess capacity, and it always implies that seller average revenue exceeds unit costs evaluated at the level of sales. Using the nonprofit community hospital as an example, the paper examines the characteristics of excess output policies and the possibilities for controlling their performance impacts. Data on a sample of U.S. community hospitals are used to test for the existence of excess output policies in the hospitals are used to test for the existence of excess output policies in the hospital sector. The results give qualified support for the conclusion that some hospitals follow excess output production policies.