《会计电算化》考试系统的设计与制作

用计算机考试系统进行标准化考试可以极大地减轻出题者、应试者和评阅者的工作量,减少人为因素的误差。同时,计算机标准化考试也便于考试的公开、公正和公平。本文介绍了利用ASP语言+ACCESS数据库系统制作的《会计电算化》考试系统,本系统可以用于学生平时的自测和考试。     

《会计电算化》考试系统的设计与制作

用计算机考试系统进行标准化考试可以极大地减轻出题者、应试者和评阅者的工作量.减少人为因素的误差.同时,计算机标准化考试也便于考试的公开、公正和公平.本文介绍了利用ASP语言 ACCESS数据库系统制作的<会计电算化>考试系统,本系统可以用于学生平时的自测和考试.     

网络考试系统的设计与实现

高校传统的考试方式费时费力,而且由于考试的环节众多,难以保证客观性、公平性和全面性,已经不能满足和适应现代考试的要求。因此,网络考试系统成为新的研究热点,是对传统考试方式的重要改革。本文设计了一个基于Web的智能考试系统,论述了采用的主要技术。     

高校考试系统的研究

考试是教学过程中非常重要的一个环节,是检验和衡量学生学习成绩和教学效果的必备的一种手段。基于Web的考试已成为当前考试研究过程中的热点和难点问题。所以,利用先进的Web技术和理论对开发与研究考试系统是非常有必要的,也为考试系统的发展提供重要的依据。     

考风考纪:人事考试工作的生命线

人事考试,是政府人事部门从90年代初,为推进职称制度改革而开始推行的一种人才评价形式.经过10年发展,从最初以职称考试为主,逐步发展到目前包括专业技术人员任职资格考试、执业资格考试、公务员录用考试、选拔任用考试等各类考试在内的全国性考试,已成为政府人事部门以及各行各业进行人才评价和人力资源优化配置的重要机制和手段.在这10年的发展过程中,人事考试的考风考纪问题始终是一个放不下的话题.如何认识人事考试考风考纪管理的重要性,如何对待人事考试中的考风考纪问题,如何进一步加强人事考试考风考纪的管理,对于保证和推进人事考试事业的发展都是至关重要的.     

网络考试系统的开发与研究

利用计算机技术取代传统的考试方式,是近年来计算机技术的一个非常活跃的研究领域。网络考试系统在题库管理、智能组卷、标准化测试、考试结果的统计分析等方面可以取代传统的考试方式,利用计算机的交互功能和网络的传输特性,从而实现高效、准确和科学的无纸化考试。     

基于Struts的在线考试系统的设计及实现

随着计算机技术的发展及计算机的日益普及,网上考试已逐渐成熟。本论文研究的在线考试系统是基于B/S开发的体系,采用SQLServer 2000数据库和先进的基于Struts的JSP技术开发的,以组织客观、公正、科学合理和考试为目的的标准化考试系统。     

高等学校的考试现状及改革创新

考试是教学工作中的重要环节,传统的考试模式存在着一些弊端,不再适应高校人才培养的要求。推进高校考试改革能够发挥考试效用,提高教学效果,促进学风建设,有助于培养学生的学习能力和创新能力。     

浅谈校院二级考试管理系统的设计

随着我国信息化技术的发展,信息化管理是信息经济条件下高等院校发展的方向,教务管理信息化的建设更是高校管理信息化建设的重要环节。本文分析了一种在校院二级教学管理模式下的高等学校考试管理系统,通过设计完整的考试管理流程,提供完备的管理功能,为能够合理的安排考试时间,分配考试教室和监考人员提供技术保障,从而显著减轻了教务管理人员输入、核对信息及考试时间地点安排上的工作量,另外考试管理系统的效率高、排位迅速方便、随机性高、存储量大等优点能够极大地提高考试管理的效率和质量,是学校考试工作信息化,正规化的重要途径,也为校院二级考试管理的推进提供技术支撑。     

基于FTP的考试文件传输系统的研究

本文介绍了一个基于FTP传输协议的网络考试文件传输系统。通过三个层次,即考试客户端、应用程序服务器和文件服务器之间的相互配合,有效实现了考试文件和答案文件的网络安全传输。     

Analysis of high dimensional multivariate stochastic volatility models

This paper is concerned with the Bayesian estimation and comparison of flexible, high dimensional multivariate time series models with time varying correlations. The model proposed and considered here combines features of the classical factor model with that of the heavy tailed univariate stochastic volatility model. A unified analysis of the model, and its special cases, is developed that encompasses estimation, filtering and model choice. The centerpieces of the estimation algorithm (which relies on MCMC methods) are: (1) a reduced blocking scheme for sampling the free elements of the loading matrix and the factors and (2) a special method for sampling the parameters of the univariate SV process. The resulting algorithm is scalable in terms of series and factors and simulation-efficient. Methods for estimating the log-likelihood function and the filtered values of the time-varying volatilities and correlations are also provided. The performance and effectiveness of the inferential methods are extensively tested using simulated data where models up to 50 dimensions and 688 parameters are fit and studied. The performance of our model, in relation to various multivariate GARCH models, is also evaluated using a real data set of weekly returns on a set of 10 international stock indices. We consider the performance along two dimensions: the ability to correctly estimate the conditional covariance matrix of future returns and the unconditional and conditional coverage of the 5% and 1% value-at-risk (VaR) measures of four pre-defined portfolios.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

The Geography of Innovation in China and India

The BRICS countries in general, and China and India in particular, are now widely regarded as the areas of the world likely to challenge the economic leadership of the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). A large part of this challenge will come from rapid technological catch‐up by China and India. Yet, despite a recent rise in interest, there is limited knowledge about how and where innovation takes place in these two leading emerging countries and to what extent the Chinese and Indian territorial systems of innovation differ from those in the EU or the US. In this article we explore the geography of innovation in China and India, concentrating on understanding key territorial‐level innovation trends by country, region and technology field, using the US and the EU as benchmarks. We find significant contrasts between the geography of innovation in China and India and that of the US and the EU. First, the degree of concentration of innovative activities in both countries is extremely high. Levels of agglomeration of innovation in the coastal provinces of China, as well as in Delhi and the South of India, significantly exceed the levels of agglomeration found in the USA and the EU. Secondly, China has witnessed a more rapid increase in the degree of concentration of innovation than India. We posit that the differences in the geography of innovation between, on the one hand, China and India and, on the other hand, between these countries and the developed world are rooted in different institutional settings, different systems of innovation and different national innovation strategies.     

关于城市本质的理论探索

文章界定了城市的本质定义.提出了城市本质构成的三大基础理论:人性理论、需要理论、环境理论;阐述了认识城市本质的理论意义和现实意义.文章认为,城市本质体现了人本主义思想,体现了人在城市发展中主导作用和不可推卸的历史使命.正确认识城市本质,将为我国科学制定城市发展战略和城市规划,合理有效地经营、建设和管理城市提供科学的理论依据.     

Institutionalization of ‘The Property Mind’

This essay discusses the idea of ‘the culture of property’ and whether it combines the economic and cultural explanations of gentrification. To explore the idea of a culture of property in the case of Singapore, it examines both what motivates Singaporeans to invest in real estate (e.g. nostalgic feelings, duty, guilt, moral economy, face, filial piety towards ancestors and a way to remember their origins as reasons for investing in properties in China), and the institutions in the property state of Singapore (e.g. the possibility of owning and selling public housing, collective sales legislation that encourages collective profitmaking and the pension system) that increase Singaporeans' appetite for property and make them watchers of the property market. Lastly, the essay discusses the consciousness of evictions and of class differences and notes the random and unfair nature of the property market. It ends with a call for further research on real estate and property development, and their role in increasing urban inequality.     

公路工程施工组织设计探析

近些年,国家对基础性建设的投入越来越大,我们的公路建设也日益增多。公路工程是一项综合性、系统性较强的工程,是集路基、路面、路线、桥涵、隧道等于一体的综合体系。随着经济社会的发展和施工工艺的不断进步,人们对公路工程的要求也更加严格。为了保证公路建设的正常施工,就需要工程设计按时按量完成。而如何处理好质量与工期的矛盾则是公路设计者面临的难题。本文对公路工程设计的重要性,步骤等进行一个分析研究。     

农电服务公司业务外委工作探究

农网企业处在电网的末端,服务对象是广大农民,它关系农村经济社会的发展和稳定,农电企业是建设社会主义新农村和和谐社会的组成部分。实施农村供电所业务委托,深化农村供电所专业化、精益化管理,加快提升服务"三农"水平,是公司深入贯彻落实科学发展观,推进"两个转变",规范农电用工(原"农电工",下同)管理,维护队伍稳定的重要举措,农村供电所业务委托试点工作取得成功,为农村供电所业务的专业化分工、社会化运作积累了实践经验,验证了农村供电所业务委托模式的科学性和可行性。推广实施农村供电所业务委托工作,将供电所有关业务委托农电业务受托公司,转变供电所管理模式,是供电公司业务组织方式的有益探索,是企业管理创新的重要内容和具体体现,本文对农电服务公司业务委托的现状、存在意义和管理改进措施进行了分析。     

浅谈贝氏体钢钢轨、辙叉、尖轨在朔黄线的应用

随着朔黄铁路运量的增加,运输压力越来越大,对线路设备质量的要求越来越高。钢轨、道岔是线路设备中最重要的环节,辙叉、尖轨又是道岔的关键部件。实践表明,贝氏体钢辙叉、尖轨、基本轨采用大大提高了道岔使用寿命,增加了安全系数,创造更多的经济效益和社会价值。     

WHAT'S TO KNOW ABOUT THE CREDIBILITY OF EMPIRICAL ECONOMICS?

The scientific credibility of economics is itself a scientific question that can be addressed with both theoretical speculations and empirical data. In this review, we examine the major parameters that are expected to affect the credibility of empirical economics: sample size, magnitude of pursued effects, number and pre‐selection of tested relationships, flexibility and lack of standardization in designs, definitions, outcomes and analyses, financial and other interests and prejudices, and the multiplicity and fragmentation of efforts. We summarize and discuss the empirical evidence on the lack of a robust reproducibility culture in economics and business research, the prevalence of potential publication and other selective reporting biases, and other failures and biases in the market of scientific information. Overall, the credibility of the economics literature is likely to be modest or even low.     

Politics in the Informalizing Metropolis: Displacement,Resettlement and Unstable Negotiations in Uncivil Ahmedabad

This article documents the displacement of Baoris, an adivasi (indigenous) community living in the city of Ahmedabad, India, and their subsequent resettlement along the city's precarious urban–rural frontier. I argue that this process signals the informalization of rights and territories, representing a political regime of governing in the remaking of the contemporary Indian metropolis. Recent actions taken by the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation to evict Baoris from the inner city are situated within the entangled processes and politics of urban restructuring, liberalization and Hindu nationalism. The absence and erosion of democratic protections, however, has not precluded the possibility of political negotiations with the local agents of state and capital, and this article assesses the tactics that community residents have deployed in their bid to maintain claims to territory, labour and services. I end by tempering enthusiasm for the informalizing city as a site for realizing alternative forms of justice and possible democratization.