企业伦理、绿色创业导向与竞争优势关系研究——以新创科技型企业为例

随着企业伦理道德缺失、环境污染等问题的不断涌现,人们对企业伦理、绿色创业等主题日益重视。通过对企业伦理、绿色创业导向和新创科技型企业竞争优势间的影响关系进行实证研究,得出以下结论:企业伦理对绿色创业导向和新创科技型企业竞争优势均产生正向影响,绿色创业导向对新创科技型企业竞争优势产生正向影响,绿色创业导向在企业伦理对新创科技型企业竞争优势的影响中发挥中介作用。基于新创科技型企业的成长特点,刻画了企业伦理-战略-竞争优势间的内在联系,并针对性地提出了对策建议。     

企业伦理、绿色创业导向与竞争优势关系研究

随着企业伦理道德缺失、环境污染等问题的不断涌现，人们对企业伦理、绿色创业等主题日益重视。通过对企业伦理、绿色创业导向和新创科技型企业竞争优势间的影响关系进行实证研究，得出以下结论：企业伦理对绿色创业导向和新创科技型企业竞争优势均产生正向影响，绿色创业导向对新创科技型企业竞争优势产生正向影响，绿色创业导向在企业伦理对新创科技型企业竞争优势的影响中发挥中介作用。基于新创科技型企业的成长特点，刻画了企业伦理-战略-竞争优势间的内在联系，并针对性地提出了对策建议。     

跨国公司全球竞争及对我国企业的影响

本文分析了本世纪以来跨国公司全球竞争的新特点,即组织上体现出标准组件形式和金融资本的积累与分配职能,生产上表现为购买者主导商品链和生产者主导商品链,以及初步形成全球资源垄断.在此基础上探讨了这些新特点对我国企业与跨国公司合作引进技术、提升比较优势以及对外直接投资的影响,为我国企业进一步应对跨国公司全球竞争和建立核心竞争力提出了发展思路和对策.     

组织惯例对新企业竞争优势的影响

知识、组织惯例和组织能力都是形成竞争优势不可或缺的要素,异质性的知识更被认为起到了基础性作用,新企业成长需要从企业内部和外部获取知识和组织惯例来实现企业制度化运行,形成组织能力并寻求竞争优势.显性惯例可以促进新企业竞争优势的形成,显性惯例和隐性惯例可以促进市场能力和技术能力的形成,市场能力和技术能力可以促进竞争优势的形成.市场能力和技术能力在显性惯例影响竞争优势的过程中起到中介作用,隐性惯例并不能直接影响竞争优势的形成,市场能力和技术能力在隐性惯例影响竞争优势过程中并未起到中介作用.虽然显性惯例不能存储具有稀缺性和异质性特征的知识资源,但是显性惯例带来的组织制度化对企业竞争优势形成本身具有重要意义.企业自身运行的稳定性是企业形成竞争优势的基础.而隐性惯例虽然存储了异质性的隐性知识,但在新企业中仅仅依靠隐性知识和隐性惯例仍不足以实现竞争优势,这与新企业的特殊性有关,竞争优势的形成还需要新企业具备其他条件.     

集群企业的合作绩效提升路径实证研究——以中关村高科技集群企业为例

战略合作已经成为集群企业竞争优势的重要来源。结合联盟理论的研究成果，基于对中关村高科技产业集群中78家IT企业的问卷调查数据，本文实证研究了企业间资源依赖性和关系质量对战略合作绩效的影响。研究表明，（1）在影响因素上，资源依赖性与关系质量（包括信任、承诺和沟通）均对合作绩效有显著正的影响；（2）在影响机制上，关系质量作为中介变量影响资源，依赖性与合作绩效的关系。     

知识传导模型:企业竞争优势重构的思考

不同类型的知识在企业竞争优势的培育过程中扮演的角色是不相同的:隐性知识比显性知识重要,而组织知识比员工知识更有价值;个人知识向组织知识的转换效率是企业利用知识创建竞争优势过程中的关键因素.创造企业竞争优势的知识传导链5C模型,其支撑体系包括内部网络、知识展示系统、共享文化、激励体系和知识控制系统等.     

不确定性环境下企业竞争优势重获与优化

引入动态能力和路径依赖理论,从演化观角度研究企业竞争优势重获与优化机理,提出管理者打破路径依赖的基本决策条件。在此基础上,将企业置于不确定性环境中研究竞争优势持续的条件,指出在适度变化环境中,路径依赖的不断深化使企业竞争优势得以保持,而动态能力与竞争优势的关系则相对较弱,甚至呈负关系;在高速变化环境中,每一次路径依赖的形成能够短暂维持企业竞争优势,但动态能力才是保持企业竞争优势的长期来源。首次将路径依赖机理直接用组织研究语言表达,深入探析了竞争优势的来源、消退、重获和优化过程,并与动态能力机制紧密对应,具有较高理论参考价值。     

复杂网络视角下链式产业集群竞争优势分析——以柳市低压电器产业集群为例

由集群网络和供应链网络耦合而形成的基于供应链的产业集群(链式产业集群)成为值得深入研究的集群类型。结合相关理论,分析链式产业集群的形成、内涵和网络特征以及链式集群网络的竞争优势。研究表明,链式产业集群网络具有平均路径短,度分布不均匀,聚集系数高的网络结构特征,在生产、创新和抗风险等方面具有强大的竞争优势。促进供应链内及链间组织的紧密联系,保持链式产业集群网络的开放性、培育和保护网络集散节点是增强其竞争优势的关键。最后,以温州柳市低压电器产业集群发展进行实证分析。     

科技型企业家专用性人力资本投资行为研究

专用性人力资本对科技型企业持续发展和提高竞争优势是十分重要的。本文在委托代理理论的框架内建构了一个两时期的股票期权模型,在此框架下,推导出了诱导代理人科技型企业家对专用性人力资本投资的基于产出的报酬契约的公式,从中发现了激励科技型企业家的专用性人力资本投资行为的股票期权最优水平及其影响因素。     

科技型中小企业专利工作现状及政策建议——基于上海市科技型中小企业实证调研的思考

科技型中小企业具有灵活的创新机制和较高的创新效率,是我国加快科技成果转化的重要载体。知识产权是科技型中小企业获得竞争优势的重要基础,其中专利是企业核心竞争力的体现。通过对上海市科技型中小企业专利工作的调研,就目前科技型中小企业专利工作的现状进行了讨论。企业专利管理模式与行业密切相关,不同的行业专利工作具有不同的管理模式,企业要依据专利工作的要求制定切实可行的专利战略。     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。