The Economics of Charities: Revised Theory and New Evidence

Can economic principles be applied to the behaviour of charities? Professor Edwin West of the Universities of Carleton and Emory, claims that charities are susceptible to the same type of analysis as companies - but with important differences.     

Social Change: Measurement and Theory*

Societal change, which takes a variety of directions and forms and in no way can be assimilated or reduced to a single dimension, is often accompanied by a perception of insufficient understanding and lack of control. There is a frustrated need for mastering complexity and instability, separating the voluntary from the involuntary, the intended from the unintended, opportunities from risks, getting to the real causes and dominating the uncertain implications of social change. Social change catches us unprepared and confused. In this context statistics are generally considered a fundamental instrument of knowledge, but also part of the problem! In the public debate and in the specialized literature, the ability to measure social phenomena through current statistics and indicators is increasingly questioned. Data-it is claimed-are lacking, particularly longitudinal data; their quality (accuracy, relevance, timeliness, comparability, etc.) should be improved; indicators do not provide early warning signals, policy performance evaluation, and a precise indication of outcomes. Statistics cannot be used as a reliable and timely basis for decision making by individuals, organizations, governments, and for understanding these decisions. In some cases, statistics have been accused of giving a misleading and false picture of reality: do we measure the real extent of social exclusion and unemployment? Do we fully capture the quality of life and the degradation of the environment? Mismeasurement has been deemed by some commentators as being responsible for the wrong focus in inflation and stabilization policies, science and technology, unemployment and poverty. The productivity paradox, the informal economy, failure to measure welfare and the quality of urban life are instances where statistics do not seem to provide complete and satisfactory answers to the demand for information and knowledge. Our paper illustrates how, quite independently of measurement techniques and data production processes, the inadequacy of the conceptual framework may explain mismeasurement in relation to complex (multidimensional) and dynamic social phenomena. It is then to social theories, explanations and interpretations that statisticians need to turn, in order to come to grips with the new challenges in social measurement. We will develop this thesis looking at a few cases where measurement issues can be connected to both theoretical and empirical difficulties. The statistical gap which reveals itself in the mismeasurement or difficult measurement of social phenomena is closely interconnected with the social science gap. Only close collaboration between statisticians and social scientists can bring about continuous advancement in social science and quality improvement in social statistics.     

经济学与财务管理理论的发展

财务经济学是应用微观经济学的分支,侧重于应用和微观是它的两大特点。财务经济学理论通常被认为是现代企业财务管理的基础理论,经济学基础决定着现代企业财务管理理论的产生和发展。     

Henry George and Social Theory

A bstract . It was contended in Part 1 (in the January, 1995 issue) that Henry George should be recognized as an original American social theorist. He was a pioneering postmodern contributor to social theory who criticized the linear idea of progress and anticipated Durkheim's concept of the "collective consciousness."
He recognized the fateful consequences of the separation of political economy into "economics" and "sociology." These include the loss of moral considerations from political economy , and the rise of a sociology that culminates in the proliferation of meaningless abstractions because it is premised on amoral economic assumptions. His theory of speculative land value as the cause of civilizations decline is recapitulated and shown in a larger context. The congruence between the concerns and conceptions of George and Weber is detailed.
Part II concludes by tracing the tragic consequences for modern American social theory, from Spencer to Parsons , that result from confusing the value of commodities with the value of land, of private wealth with social value.     

城市社会问题的经济学研究:文献纵览和本土需求

与国外对城市社会问题的经济学研究已步入较为成熟阶段的状况相比,我国学者在城市社会问题的研究领域里,还刚起步。这种状况,与有效解决我国快速城市化带来的严重城市社会问题的迫切要求差距甚大。本文的一个有限的目标,是把我国目前值得关注的城市社会问题当作问题导向,有针对性地选择国际上有关城市社会问题的理论研究成果、主要研究期刊和研究机构,较为系统地把它们介绍给关心中国城市社会问题的读者,以方便进一步深入研究。     

量子测量、概率论与经济预测

历史的必然是由无数的偶然事件的发生来实现的,历史的必然是大概率事件,而那些无法准确预测的偶然事件便是那测不准的因子。生物进化史中既有遗传又有变异,本质上的原因,就是必然是由无数偶然实现的,偶然是必然中的具体体现。宏观经济与企业管理,一个代表了宏观、一个反应了微观,宏观经济有其历史规律,微观具体的企业管理却有诸多不确定因素。当前,我国经济发展进入了新常态,在总体向上向好发展的形势里,却存在一些企业业务不景气甚至濒临破产的情况。怎么样正确看待这种现象,眼下的经济到底如何评估?我们可以从概率论,甚至在量子物理中找到答案。     

运输经济学基本理论的扩展

指出现有的运输经济学可以吸收有关空间经济学的相关内容融进其分析框架,可以运用这一对运输经济学基本理论的扩展对空间问题进行进一步地研究,并可以有效地解释物流等产业的空间和土地的利用问题.     

运用管理经济学原理分析软件盗版现象

本文主要针对目前我国软件盗版猖獗的现象,运用供需函数、消费者效用和外部性等管理经济学理论分析了盗版产生原因和存在的必然性,最后得出盗版现象对社会福利造成的影响。     

经济学说的演进与会计科学理论的发展

经济学是会计学的基础,在会计理论发展的道路上,经济学扮演着非常重要的角色。会计的基本理论与方法密切依存于不断演进中的经济理论,经济学理论和方法的创新必然会对会计学的发展产生深远的影响。     

基础理论的创新与商域经济学的创建

在现代经济学缺少科学研究基点的前提下,金碚教授提出建立新的商域经济学是对现代经济学研究的重要推进和拓展。而创建商域经济学除了必须建立在科学的研究基点之上,还需要将存在逻辑断点问题的经济人假设理论的创新以及产权理论和效用理论的创新相配合。金碚教授在创建商域经济学中提出了文明型式范畴,是一种经济学的新认识,非常具有学理意义,应当引起学界的高度重视。同时,创建商域经济学这一新的经济学分支学科,对于现代经济的推进与发展和现代经济学研究的深入与拓展具有重要意义。     

上海社会科学院数量经济研究中心

上海社会科学院数量经济研究中心成立于2006年,朱平芳研究员担任中心主任,韩清研究员担任中心副主任。中心聘请著名经济学家、中国社会科学院学部委员汪同三研究员和上海社会科学院常务副院长左学金研究员担任名誉主任;聘请厉无畏研究员、李子奈教授和王贻志研究员担任学术顾问     

Breaking New Ground: Social Movement Theory and the Cincinnati Union Co-ops

Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal - This article provides a case study, based on original author research, about the start of the union co-op movement in Cincinnati a decade ago. The...     

特征尺度理论:经济学中的短期、长期与可持续发展

本文首先论述了特征尺度的基本概念,提出了特征时间尺度是可持续发展的基本时间测量单位的观点,利用特征尺度概念给出了经济学中长期与短期的定义,论述了它们与马歇尔长期与短期概念之间的区别与联系,详细讨论了特征尺度与战术和战略之间的关系,以及不同层次经济系统战略与战术之间的区别,联系与转化。     

经济学视域下农村社会价值观变迁实证研究

当前,我国农村社会价值观在经济、政治、文化等层面呈现出日益复杂化、多元化发展的态势。文章以陕西关中地区为样本,基于经济学视角对其社会价值观现状进行了剖析,并探讨了其利弊和成因。     

现代经济学理论体系的多维度特征与经济决策

新古典经济学实质上是按照效率—稀缺维度的经济理性行为建立的经济学理论体系。而以效率—风险效率—时间效率—空间和效率—公平维度所建立的理论体系往往以非主流经济学的形式存在。现代经济学理论的经济理性行为的基本假设应当具有多维度特征。大多数个人偏好行为可以被解释为按照其他维度决策的经济理性行为。现实中的经济决策往往是一个多维度选择与排序优化的过程。     

基于建构主义理论的工程经济课程设计研究

工程经济课程具有很强实践性,以教师讲授为中心的传统教学模式无法满足工程类学生的综合以及实践性需求,因此,本文以建构主义教学理论为出发点,通过在课程中引入贴近学生生活的实践项目案例以重建学习情境,让学生能在具体的项目场景下理解和创造性地应用所学知识。