工程竣工结算审计合谋经济分析

一、工程竣工结算审计合谋的根源由于缺乏专业工程竣工结算的审计人员，造成了工程造价的构成、管理与控制信息不对称，因此，独立于业主和承包商之外的造价咨询中介机构被引入。工程竣工结算审计业务中利益相关三方是注册造价工程师（与其所在的造价咨询中介机构合为一方）、审计业务委托人（业主）和被审计单位（承包商）。按照审计业务约定注册造价工程师的审计业务是根据审计业务委托人的要求，对委托人负责，并向委托人收取审计费用。     

工程结算高估冒算问题的成因及对策

正工程结算审计通常是指工程竣工验收后,由具备相应造价编审资格的人员对施工单位编制的工程结算进行全面审计和复核,最终确定工程造价的实施过程和行为。工程结算是工程造价管理与控制的最后一个环节,一定要杜绝高估、冒算,从而保证准确、合理、真实地反映工程造价。实践证明,经审计的工程结算其核减率在10%左右,甚至有的高达20%,所以竣工以后的结算审计对造价控制起到很重要的作用。下面结合笔者在     

浅谈军工企业工程建设项目结算审计质量控制

随着中国航空工业的快速发展,中航工业对企业研发项目基础建设配套设施和维护的投入逐年加大。建设项目周期长、规模大、资金投入多、效益直接体现,受到企业管理层高度重视。本文针对影响工程建设项目结算审计质量控制的因素,提出了加强工程结算审计质量控制的途径和措施,以期军工企业内部审计人员做出高质量的审计项目,提高工程结算质量水平,体现审计价值和权威性,提升投资效益,有效控制造价,避免资金流失。     

建筑工程竣工结算审计的控制

文章结合工作实践,阐述了工程竣工结算审计中应加强控制的关键环节,如核实材料用量和单价,并着重强调了审计中应注意的问题,如加强竣工结算审计的控制,审核人员还需对工程招投标文件、招标答疑、询标纪要等资料进行审核,对工程前期准备和承包过程做一些全面的了解,为实质性审计阶段做好准备。文章供审计人员和竣工结算的编制人员借鉴参考。     

如何控制和审核建设工程造价

工程造价有两种含义，广义地讲，是指工程项目从筹建一直到竣工验收的全过程建设单位所花费用的总和；狭义地讲，是指在施工阶段施工单位进行工程建设所花费的成本以及工程发包阶段其投标价格或在工程结算阶段从建设单位所得到的工程建设费用。工程造价的控制是一项系统工程，贯穿于项目建设的全过程。合理、有效控制工程造价，是提高建设效益的重要环节。掌握控制造价的基本理论和审核造价的基本方法，对审计人员提高审计质量与效益十分重要。     

浅谈业主对工程造价的控制

从建筑工程管理中业主的角度出发,分别阐述了建设工程中业主方对造价的有效控制应贯穿于工程建设的全过程,从工程建设的立项决策阶段、设计阶段、招标阶段、施工阶段和结算审计阶段五个阶段入手,谈工程造价控制的重要性和管理策略。     

政府投资建设项目造价控制的审计思考

关于政府投资建设项目造价控制，我国出台了一系列政策法规。在项目立项决策阶段，实行分级评估审批制和限额设计；在工程发包阶段，采用招投标机制，实行合理低价中标；在工程建设阶段，实施丁程监理制度，施工中严格控制影响造价的各种因素；在工程竣工决算阶段，确定造价先由建设单位和施工单位进行结算，然后由社会造价咨询机构和国家审计机关进行最后审查和竣工决算审计。在政府投资建设项目审计中，我们发现造价控制中存在诸多问题，[第一段]     

建设项目全过程跟踪审计模式之探讨

一、建设项目全过程跟踪审计的定义 建设项目全过程跟踪审计,指审计机构或造价咨询机构依据有关法律、法规和制度规范,按照规定程序,对建设项目从立项至项目竣工验收全过程实施的审计监督与造价咨询服务,包括项目可行性研究、投资估算、项目决策阶段,设计阶段,招投标阶段,施工阶段与竣工结算阶段。     

浅议建筑工程全过程造价控制理论

针对目前建筑工程只注重施工过程中的造价变更和结算,而忽视其它阶段造价控制的情况,本文从建筑工程全过程造价控制的内涵和必要性出发,分别从投资决策阶段、设计阶段、招投标阶段、施工阶段、竣工结算阶段提出了造价控制措施,就如何对建筑工程进行全过程造价控制作了探讨,从而确保降低工程造价,提高经济效益。     

工程量清单及招标控制价的内部审计

工程竣工结算审计等事后内部审计工作中经常发现大量在审计时难以解决,致使工程造价管理陷入被动的问题。为有效应对,弥补缺陷,扭转被动局面,企业内部审计机构必须通过革新审计方式,将对工程竣工结算审计工作向招标阶段延伸,开展对工程量清单和招标控制价的审计,在实现提高工程量清单和招标控制价质量、强化编制单位责任意识、提高造价管理水平、控制工程建设成本,节约资金的同时,强化服务职能,培育员工风险意识和企业的风险文化,全面改善企业的风险管理环境。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.