知识密集型服务业集群、国家价值链与西部地区产业升级

在知识工作商品化浪潮中,依托低成本、高技能知识型劳动力生发的知识密集型服务业集群,已成为知识分工创造价值的重要载体。通过构建国家价值链实现东西部知识型服务合作,推动西部地区以知识密集型服务业集群为中枢,在链、网、云等多元情境中构建产业升级能力,是该区域重构产业升级路径新的战略切入点。对此,应建立东西部新型产业协作机制,同时为西部地区培养知识型劳动力、形成知识要素集聚提供良好的环境。     

企业知识管理浅谈

传统的以有形产品价值为导向的战略理论已不能适应知识经济时代以知识价值为导向的知识型企业的发展战略要求，因此要求有一种新的管理方式来代替工业社会的生产管理，一种全新的管理思想——知识管理(KM：Knowledge Management)应运而生。它被管理界称为第五代管理，成为在知识经济时代信息化、网络     

知识型客户关系管理中的信息技术应用研究

随着商业环境逐渐向知识密集型转变,知识管理在客户关系管理中的作用变得越来越重要,将知识管理应用于CRM(客户关系管理),使之具有知识性、分析性的特点,增强了企业对客户的识别、交流以及保持,同时信息技术的发展也为KCRM(知识型客户关系管理)的应用提供了技术上的保障和支持。因此探讨如何有效地将信息技术应用于KCRM,充分发挥KCRM对客户关系的管理,就显得十分有意义。     

知识密集型企业人力资源管理模式探究

21世纪,人类进入了一个以知识和信息为主要载体的知识经济时代。在这个经济时代,企业已不再能够通过简单的重复生产来保证增长,而是必须依靠创新。知识型员工是知识和信息的载体,是企业创新的主体,由此决定了知识密集型企业必将成为未来经济发展的主要推动力。知识的创造、利用和增值以及资源的合理配置都要依靠知识和信息的载体——知识型员工来完成。知识密集型企业作为一种新型的企业必须有与之相适应的人力资源管理模式,必须从知识密集型企业人力资源管理所具有的独特特征出发,重新构造其人力资源的组织模式以及人员管理模式。     

电力设计企业人力资源的知识管理

随着科学技术的飞速发展,人类社会已经进入知识经济时代。知识成为企业最重要的战略资源,知识创新能力成为企业可持续发展的核心竞争力。本文研究的是如何通过一种行之有效的方法来充分整合人才以发挥其最大的功效,使知识管理更好地与人力资源管理相结合。本文通过分析某电力设计企业知识型员工的特点以及人力资源知识管理方面存在的问题,采用现代人力资源管理理论方法,提出了知识经济时代电力设计企业人力资源应如何实行知识管理,并且结合其发展现状,提出了企业人力资源进行知识管理的模式和发展策略,为提高其人力资源管理水平提供参考和建议。     

知识经济背景下企业加强人力资源管理的策略探讨

知识经济是以知识和信息为主要生产要素和驱动力的经济形态,它对企业的人力资源管理提出了新的挑战,也提供了新的机遇。本文从知识经济背景下企业人力资源管理的发展趋势出发,梳理了知识经济背景下企业人力资源管理的重点内容,包括知识型人才的吸引和培养、知识管理的实施、知识型组织的构建、知识型激励的设计等;分析了人力资源管理实践中的问题及短板,如人才流失、知识共享障碍、组织创新不足、激励效果不理想等;提出了一些关于知识经济背景下企业加强人力资源管理的建议,如加强人力资源规划和预测、建立知识型企业文化、推进人力资源数字化转型、拓展人力资源国际合作等,以期为企业人力资源管理创新和发展提供参考。     

知识型服务业员工激励要素研究

知识经济时代的到来与互联网科技的发展促进了服务业的崛起,服务业中知识含量较高的知识密集型服务业从传统服务业中区分开来,作为高素质的人力资本群体,知识型服务业中知识型与非知识型员工的激励成为企业管理中的关键活动,本文以价值性和独特性为标准对知识型服务业中从业人员进行类别划分,并在此基础上,对各类别的激励要素需求进行研究,得出系统的知识型服务业激励要素框架.     

浅析知识型员工的特点和激励策略

在知识经济时代,所有其他各类企业都可以参考、借鉴知识密集型企业的经验,作好经营管理工作,即所有企业都应向知识型企业发展,都要强调"以人为本",因为知识型企业是企业未来发展的必然.然而,知识型员工管理与激励是企业成败的关键因素.     

论智力资本与企业核心竞争力

在知识经济时代，智力资本在企业中，尤其在知识密集型企业中的重要性越来越受到人们的关注。智力资本是相对于传统的物质资本而言的，是一种潜在的、无形的、动态的、能够带来价值增值的价值，是指能用来创造财富的智力材料，是物质资本与非物质资本的合成。简单地说，它是公司市场价值与账面价值之差。智力资本理论的提出为解释现代企业，尤其是知识型企业知识的创新、传递、利用与保护，企业的核心竞争力的形成，提供了一个新的理论框架，从而对企业管理理论的基石产生重大影响。     

变“知识型教学”为“智慧型教学”

为了使课堂教学既有利于传授知识,又有利于开发智力,培养创新能力,必须改变传统的教学模式。新的课堂教学模式应该变学员"消极接受知识"为"主动获取知识";变"模仿式学习"为"发现式学习";变"只接受科学结论"为"既接受科学结论,更掌握科学方法"。培养创新型人才,必须变"知识型教学"为"智慧型教学"。文章分析了"知识型教学"与"智慧型教学"的本质区别,指出要真正实现"智慧型教学",除了要求教师"用心去教"外,还要求教师要"用心去交"。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。