金融抑制与商业信用二次配置功能

信贷资源通过正规金融机构到企业只是完成初次分配,获得融资的企业再把资金转移给其他企业则是信贷资源的二次分配,商业信用在信贷资源二次分配过程中扮演着重要角色,并得到文献证实。商业信用二次配置功能存在的制度基础是什么?基于中国独特的金融制度环境,本文识别并验证了金融抑制是如何影响并决定商业信用二次分配功能的。实证发现,商业信用的二次分配功能在金融抑制程度越高的地区表现越强,并随着金融改革发展而减弱。在国有企业和国家重点扶持的行业中,企业的商业信用二次分配功能更加显著。本文阐述了宏观金融背景是如何影响企业微观融资行为的,对当前的金融改革具有一定政策参考价值,也有利于深入理解中国企业当前所面临的融资问题。     

金融资源区域配置失衡对民间投资的制约效应研究

民间投资平稳增长对中国意义重大，但近年来民间投资增速下滑。利用2003-2021年全国各省市数据分析金融资源区域配置特征，结果发现：各地金融资源规模与经济发展水平显著正相关，但与融资需求存在一定程度的错配，即资金更多流向经济发达地区，并不一定流向最有需要的地区。在此基础上，通过测度各地区获得的超额金融资源衡量金融资源区域配置失衡程度，并研究其对民间投资的影响，发现金融资源区域配置失衡对民间投资具有显著的制约作用，会导致民间投资效率损失——有些地区获得了超额金融资源，却未能有效提升民间投资增速；而另一些民间投资活跃的地区却因为金融资源缺口，发展受到了制约。同时，异质性分析表明不同金融资源的区域配置失衡对民间投资的影响程度存在差异，其制约作用从大到小分别是股票融资、债券融资和信贷融资。此外，地方政府投资行为和中央财政支持能够显著缓解金融资源区域配置失衡对民间投资的制约作用。     

政治关系、制度环境与上市公司资本投资

在尚处转型过程中的中国,政府在资源分配中具有很大的话语权,企业与政府的政治关系会对企业投资活动产生重要影响.文章研究发现.政治关系使企业拥有更多的外部融资便利,可以降低对内部资金的依赖而降低融资约束,并减少与政府的协调成本,从而提高投资效率,降低投资-现金流敏感度;制度环境作为外部治理机制会影响企业的投资效率;政治关系对企业投资的作用不受制度环境差异的影响;企业与地方政府关系对企业投资的作用要强于与非地方政府的关系.进一步研究发现,企业的政治关系和制度环境主要影响的是由于融资约束而导致的投资效率问题.     

浅谈企业投资决策与影响因素

投资活动是企业财务活动的重要组成部分，有效的投资活动能达到企业资源的最佳配置和生产要素的最优组合，给企业带来最大利润。在投资市场中，投资机会很多，在众多的投资机会中要寻找一个好的投资项目，做出正确的投资决策，选择正确的投资策略，从而实现企业价值最大化目标，就要正确分析企业投资决策及其影响企业投资决策的各种因素。     

社会信任、家族控制权异质性与商业信用资本配置效率

转轨经济阶段,推动中国经济增长的微观经济主体家族企业如何在面临信贷歧视的背景下实现成长?本文从商业信用视角,提供了推动家族企业成长的微观机制的经验证据。研究发现,家族企业获得的商业信用越强,企业资本配置效率越高。这种效果在社会信任程度较高的地区更为显著。家族控制权异质性特征对商业信用的资本配置效率有着显著的影响,商业信用资本配置效率在家族股东大会层面的超额控制越低、家族董事席位控制程度越高和家族总的控制程度越高的企业效果更为显著,股东大会层面上的两权分离度对商业信用的资本配置效率发挥着控制权私人收益的影响,而董事席位超额控制和家族总的控制发挥着竞争优势的影响。进一步研究发现,商业信用的资本配置效率的微观机理是缓解企业的投资不足,提高投资效率。商业信用通过提供非正式的融资机会帮助正式融资渠道受限制的公司提高资本配置效率。     

浅谈中小企业融资途径的创新

一、融资制度对我国经济发展的重要作用 资本形成是一个国家经济发展中的核心问题,融资制度是在一定的经济体制下一国社会资本形成与有效配置的一种制度安排。一国的融资制度是否具有效率,能否将巨大国民储蓄有效转化为社会投资,是关系到国民经济能否持续发展的关键。我国中小企业在促进科技进步、     

关于买方市场条件下投资的思考

投资是扩大再生产的基础,是经济运行不断注入的新鲜血液,投资带来的市场资源的增量配置,深刻地影响着经济的增长。当前,我国经济生活中正在出现买方市场的新情况,它使经济运行产生一系列的变化,也给投资活动带来新的问题和新的机会。如何正确认识当前的市场环境,加强对投资的深入研     

金融周期、扩张战略与企业财务危机

金融冲击对实体经济的影响促使金融体系周期性的波动特征被广泛关注.本文以1998—-2018年中国A股上市公司为样本,通过CF带通滤波法提取金融周期短、中周期波动成分并构建了金融周期综合指数,分析了中国金融周期的波动特征,实证检验了金融周期对企业财务危机的影响.研究发现,企业财务危机呈现逆周期变化,即在金融下行周期,企业更容易陷入财务危机;尤其对于战略扩张程度激进和民营企业来说,财务危机的逆周期变化更强.进一步研究发现,金融下行周期主要通过企业融资约束和投资不足两种路径影响其陷入财务危机的概率.本文的结论拓展了企业财务危机影响因素在宏观层面的探索,并有助于理解金融周期波动特征对微观企业的影响.     

关于中小企业融资途径的创新思考

一、融资制度对我国经济发展的重要作用 资本形成是一个国家经济发展中的核心问题,融资制度是在一定的经济体制下一国社会资本形成与有效配置的一种制度安排。一国的融资制度是否具有效率,能否将巨大国民储蓄有效转化为社会投资,是关系到国民经济能否持续发展的关键。我国中小企业在促进科技进步、增进就业、扩大出口、提供城镇就业机会,     

我国投资结构优化:制度思考与效率视角

近年来,我国宏观投资领域引起了学术界广泛的争论,比如"投资过度"、"资本配置效率"、"投资体制与投资制度"等问题.为了综合理解投资结构、投资效率与投资制度,本文选择了从制度与效率的视角理解投资结构的优化,分析了投资结构与制度变迁的关系以及调整我国投资结构的制度安排,得出结论就是,我国宏观投资不存在总量过热,而是结构问题;不同的制度安排会对投资结构产生不同的影响,会导致不同的投资结构;制度效率决定结构效率.现实中,我国投资结构存在问题,采取的对策是:(1)调整市场需求结构,特别是启动农村需求与扩大农村市场.(2)在收入分配制度上,消除城乡收入差距.增加农民可支配收入.(3)重新审视效率与公平的关系.(4)建立有限政府乃至有效政府,改革公共管理制度,努力提高制度制订与运行效率.     

Fluctuations in convex models of endogenous growth, II: Business cycle properties

Using ideas from the endogenous growth literature, we present a model of the endogenous determination of productivity growth based on individual worker decisions about human capital investment. We calibrate a version of the model to match long run growth facts from the US and study the business cycle properties of this model. This approach offers improvements along several dimensions over standard exogenous growth methodologies. Most importantly, our stochastic endogenous growth model generates much greater serial correlation in output growth and labor supply volatility relative to its real business cycle counterpart. We conclude that using the extra discipline of reproducing the trend productivity growth features of the data endogenously constitutes an important missing component from the real business cycle approach.     

Investment evaluation of cloud computing in the European business sector

The importance of cloud computing is acknowledged both at national and entrepreneurial level. Its potential in business has been already described in many studies (Dillon et al., 2010; Bayrak et al., 2011; Nuseibeh, 2011; Repschlaeger et al., 2013). However, many European countries do not exploit it much in spite of many positive responses made by respected consulting companies. The reasons for this are a very low level of changes in companies, ignorance of opportunities of the given technology and, consequently, an inability to count the return of investment. Therefore, the aim of this article is to introduce a tool for the investment evaluation of cloud computing, which corresponds to the needs of the European business environment and to the properties of this technology. Furthermore, the cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) method is explored. This method is adjusted for cloud computing on the basis of companies’ requirements, which were collected from quantitative and qualitative surveys and from the interviews with experts in cloud computing from academic and business environments. In addition, individual stages of the CBA method used in cloud computing are described.     

Managerial flexibility, uncertainty, and corporate investment: The real options effect

This paper examines how changes in uncertainty affect corporate investment and how managerial flexibility influences this effect. Consistent with existing evidence, this study shows that increased uncertainty reduces a firm's capital expenditures even after controlling for investment opportunities and fund availability. It further shows that the negative effect of increased uncertainty on corporate investment is more pronounced for firms with fewer financial constraints and larger size. Overall, the results suggest that managerial flexibility proxied by certain firm characteristics affects the negative relation between uncertainty and investment.     

家族信托设立影响家族企业创新投资吗

以家族企业创新投资决策为研究对象，考察家族信托设立如何影响家族企业创新投资，以及两者关系是否在不同成长经历的企业主之间存在差异。结果发现：家族信托设立有助于促进家族企业创新投资；在有过贫困生活经历的企业主中，家族信托与家族企业创新投资间的正向关系更显著。同时，相对于具有体制内工作经历的企业主，在没有体制内工作经历的企业主中，家族信托与家族企业创新投资间的正向关系更显著。研究结论可为理解如何激励家族企业创新投资提供新的研究视角和理论解释。     

Exploitation through Contrived Dependence

Socially responsible investment (SRI) refers to investing in companies based on financial and social performance, where the latter includes such concerns as the environment, sweatshop labor, and animal testing. This paper argues that SRI strongly resembles pro-social behaviors and social dynamics found in experimental settings. The role of fairness-related sanctioning is emphasized, wherein companies that treat their various stakeholders “fairly” are screened into SRI portfolios, while those treating them poorly are screened out. It is argued that because SRI creates opportunities for businesses to thrive relative to their competitors by improving social performance, it creates some scope for pro-social change. Still, the magnitude of changes that can be expected from voluntary changes in business behavior remains to be determined.     

From world factory to world investor: the new way of China integrating into the world

ABSTRACT

This paper argues that outward direct investment (ODI) is replacing international trade as the new way China integrates into the world. Based on two complementary datasets, we document the pattern of Chinese ODI. We argue that the rapid growth of China’s ODI is the result of strong economic development, increasing domestic constraints, and supportive government policies. Compared with trade integration, investment integration involves China more deeply in global business. As a new global investor, China’s ODI in the future is full of opportunities, risks, and challenges. The Chinese government should improve bureaucracy coordination and participate more in designing and maintaining international rules to protect ODI interests.     

Cyclical industrial dynamics: The case of the global semiconductor industry

In this paper, we focus on firms' cyclical behavior in the global semiconductor industry. We demonstrate that these cyclical dynamics at the industry level differ from both the business cycles at the macro-economic level and the lengthy industrial technology life cycle. We discuss a range of possible causes of those cyclical industrial dynamics, including the general business cycles as well as industry-specific factors. Our study reports three stylized facts in relation to the cyclical industrial dynamics in the global semiconductor industry: first, the industry is more concentrated during the industry cycle downturns; second, the capital investment of the industry as a whole follows a ‘pro-cyclical’ pattern; and third, firms that pursued a ‘counter-cyclical’ capital investment strategy during the industry cycle downturn have reaped rewards during the subsequent cycle period. These facts suggest that cyclical industrial dynamics, especially the industry cycle downturns, play an important role in firm rivalry, strategic positioning and industrial growth.     

Expropriation risk and FDI in developing countries: Does return of capital dominate return on capital?

Previously reported effects of institutional quality and political risks on foreign direct investment (FDI) are mixed and, therefore, difficult to interpret. We present empirical evidence suggesting a relatively clear, statistically robust, and intuitive characterization. Institutional factors that affect the likelihood of an abrupt and total loss of foreigners’ capital (i.e., return of capital) dominate factors that affect rates of return conditional on a strictly positive terminal investment value (i.e., return on capital). The evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that expropriation risk is most important among the available measures of different dimensions of institutional quality. A one-standard-deviation reduction in expropriation risk is associated with a 72% increase in FDI, which is substantially larger than the effects of any other dimensions of institutional quality as simultaneously estimated in our empirical models of expected FDI inflows. We show that this evidence is consistent with the predictions of a standard theory of FDI under imperfect contract enforcement and multiple dimensions of political risk.     

基金投资行为及其股价效应

文章主要就基金投资行为及其股价效应的国内外文献进行综述.主要包括以下三个方面:一是在基金特有的制度安排下,基金投资中的参与主体行为将明显受到市场环境、内部治理结构等因素的影响,基金管理人及份额持有人会根据所处环境的变化动态地调整其行为;二是基金投资行为将影响到股票的流动性状况,同时由于基金具有专业和信息方面的优势,基金投资活动将不可避免地影响到股票的价格;三是当基金作为整体普遍采取策略性的交易行为,将导致市场发生趋势性的变化,其结果可能加速股价回归基本面,但也可能加剧市场波动.     

论构建我国海外直接投资的保障制度

在我国海外直接活动的迅猛发展中,面临诸如国有化险、战乱险、汇兑险、商业险等投资风险。有效的防范和化解海外投资风险,进而保护和促进我国的资本输出,需要从我国涉外投资的法律制度建设、保险制度建设、宏观管理、跨国企业风险防范机制建立等方面入手,逐步建立健全海外投资的保障制度。