Liquidity commonality in order-driven trading: evidence from the Athens Stock Exchange

We examine the presence of liquidity commonality in the order-driven Athens Stock Exchange (ASE). Unlike the majority of liquidity commonality studies that focus on the bid–ask spread, our analysis extends deeper in the Limit Order Book, providing insight on the price impact of both small and large trades. We utilize a 6-month FTSE/ATHEX-20 intraday data set to estimate the liquidity factor model of Chordia et al. (2000). To this end, we conduct single-equation analysis as well as panel data analysis with the use of two-way clustered errors, correcting for simultaneous firm and time correlations. Moreover, we apply standard principal component analysis on stock liquidities to extract the marketwide liquidity component. We find that liquidity commonality is low at the bid–ask spread, whereas it increases deeper in the book; consequently, large traders face liquidity risks associated with both individual stock and marketwide illiquidity. Moreover, our empirical evidence hints that liquidity commonality is asynchronous, suggesting that the ASE trading process includes various levels of information speed. Our analysis contributes to the understanding of liquidity commonality in order-driven trading, especially in emerging markets like the ASE where trading activity is limited and information speed is low.     

Testing the efficiency of the Athens Stock Exchange: Some results from the banking sector

In this study we test the efficient market hypothesis in the Athens Stock Exchange for a number of selected stocks from the banking sector. We distinguish between a “weak” and “semistrong” version of the hypothesis depending on the agents' information sets. For the “weak” version we apply a recently developed test by Brock, Dechert and Scheinkman (1987) to test for the presence of nonlinear structure in the residuals of rates of return regressions of these stocks. To test the “semistrong” form of the efficiency hypothesis we carry out tests of cointegration following the methodology of Granger and Engle (1987). We find no noticeable presence of nonlinearties in the standardized residuals for these series. Also we find no evidence of cointegration and hence no Granger causality between the different stocks. Our findings support the “weak” and “semi-strong” versions of the efficient market hypothesis.     

Maximum likelihood estimation of time-varying parameters: an application to the Athens Stock Exchange index

The problem of maximum likelihood estimation of time-varying parameters is considered. A hierarchical approach is proposed that involves, first, the estimation of the model order and parameters when they are assumed time-invariant. Second, for each parameter, an autoregressive (AR) model, with constant coefficients, is developed. This allows the parameters to change over time. Finally, the estimates of the AR coefficients for each parameter are used as initial conditions to a time-varying model with AR coefficients, which are allowed to change over time subject to some regularity constraints. This approach is then applied to the Athens Stock Exchange index, where the dominant forces affecting this index are analysed.     

Dividend-Driven Trading Strategies: Evidence from the Warsaw Stock Exchange

This study presents an analysis of dividend-driven trading strategies based on dividend yield growth effects in the Polish stock market in the years 1994–2004. Results indicate that the dividend yield growth portfolios were capable of beating the market in the entire sample period. Their performance, however, was not consistent over time and the highest returns were obtained during final years. Empirical findings based on the analysis of different types of portfolios demonstrate the importance of dividends as a source of significant fundamental information items from stock market companies. At the same time, they show that a dividend investment strategy for the Polish stock market is most successful when the selection of stocks for the dividend yield growth portfolios is subject to further restrictions, most notably concerning company size.

企业IPO价值审核与股票市场表现

价值审核是中国资本市场IPO的特殊制度安排,本文关注IPO价值审核过程中审核意见的信息含量.实证结果显示,审核意见数量能够显著降低企业IPO抑价水平和股票超额累积收益率,但审核意见越多的企业,其未来风险水平越高,"业绩变脸"的程度越严重.拓展性分析围绕审核意见主题、上市成本与投资者情绪、投资者信念等视角,进一步讨论了审核意见中的信息价值.具体而言,本文发现产品市场相关审核问题具有更强的信息含量;在IPO过程中被质疑越多的企业,其上市成本越高,IPO之后连续涨停的天数越少,一级市场中投资者信念异质性程度越高,而且这类企业在上市之后被投资者关注的程度越低,但知情者交易水平和股价崩盘风险越高;此外,审核意见数量越多的企业,分析师预测其未来经营情况的精准度和乐观性偏差越低.整体而言,本文发现IPO价值审核意见能够体现企业经营层面的信息不确定程度,审核意见具有丰富的信息含量.     

Serving SMEs Via the Stock Exchange: Historical Lessons from the Lisbon Stock Exchange

The development of large companies in the western world — many being huge multinational corporations — and the sheer size of their financial needs has given an added importance to tradability, a fact that can clearly be gauged by the recently discovered “high frequency trading” (HFT) operations which are only possible with large issues. Also contributing to the importance of tradability is the recent demutualization of most exchanges during the 1990s, which turned them into for-profit organizations. In fact, large issues of shares or bonds allow economies of scale, and generate experience in listing practices and trading operations, thereby enhancing the profitability of those commercially oriented stock exchanges. Thus, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are now much less attractive to these organizations, as compared to large enterprises (LEs), due to their inherent lack of liquidity and to the economies of scale. We discuss the barriers before SMEs, which require special accommodations to be able to raise stable funds for their development.     

Price clustering on the Shanghai Stock Exchange

We investigate price clustering of intraday trades and negotiated block trades on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) from 2003 to 2009. Prices of traded assets tend to cluster on certain final digits, such as 0 and 5. In Chinese culture, 8 is associated with good luck and 4 with death so these numbers may be attractive or avoided. We find that price clustering on the final digit of 0 is significantly higher during the morning call auction and early in the trading day. We find no evidence of price clustering for the digit 8, but there is a significant dearth of prices ending in the inauspicious number 4. Price clustering is significantly higher for negotiated block trades, for which about 28% end with 0. Multivariate analysis shows that price clustering is lower for more liquid firms, but higher for firms with higher return volatility, a higher price level, or when the market is volatile. Our evidence supports the costly negotiation hypothesis. Our results also support the attraction hypothesis in that we document significant price clustering at round numbers and even numbers even after controlling for factors that are associated with price uncertainty.     

Wavelet Analysis of the Bombay Stock Exchange Index

The fluctuations in the rate of returns of the Bombay stock exchange are analyzed through wavelet transform. The fluctuations, in various time scales, naturally separated by the wavelets, are subjected to statistical analysis. The localization and multiresolution properties of the wavelets enable one to identify collective behaviour in the stock market and the extent of their influence at various time scales. The Gaussian nature of the rate of returns at certain scales and the periodic nature of the same, at other scales, are clearly brought out by this analysis. The utility of this approach for modeling purpose is also elucidated.

     

Volatility and VaR forecasting in the Madrid Stock Exchange

This paper provides an empirical study to assess the forecasting performance of a wide range of models for predicting volatility and VaR in the Madrid Stock Exchange. The models performance was measured by using different loss functions and criteria. The results show that FIAPARCH processes capture and forecast more accurately the dynamics of IBEX-35 returns volatility. It is also observed that assuming a heavy-tailed distribution does not improve models ability for predicting volatility. However, when the aim is forecasting VaR, we find evidence of that the Student’s t FIAPARCH outperforms the models it nests the lower the target quantile.      

On the Causality Between Exchange Rates and Stock Prices: A Note

This study uses a new Granger non–causality testing procedure developed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995) to contribute to the debate on exchange rates and stock prices in Sweden. It examines a possible causal relation between these variables in a vector autoregression (VAR) model. The results show that Granger causality is unidirectional running from stock prices to effective exchange rates. The results also reveal that an increase in Swedish stock prices is associated with an appreciation of the Swedish krona. Special attention is given to the estimation methodology and the lag choosing process.     

解放前天津的证券交易所

解放前天津金融证券业比较发达，在经济发展中起到重要作用，本文主要考证，研究，分析介绍了天津证券交易所产生的历史背景 五家最主要的证券交易所产生发展，经营状况及其运作的规律，对发展当前天津金融证券业，把天津建成北方金融中心有一定借鉴价值。     

中国股市的强外生性与制度创新

本分析了决定股市的成长机制问题,在内生机制和外生机制下股市成长各自表现为自然演进型成长模式和政府推动型成长模式,我国由于是在转轨经济条件下建设股票市场的,股市成长表现出强外生性特征,这一特征对股市成长,市场运行,投资行为都造成极大的制约,甚至可能起到决定性的影响,也正是这种强外生性,决定了我国股票市场的制度变迁是一种政府引导,市场跟进型的特殊模式,因此,理解这一特征也有助于我们推动股市下一步制度创新。     

动量和反转投资策略在我国股市中的实证分析

本文采用沪深两市1995年前上市的股票作为样本,发现我国股市中也存在明显的动量和反转盈利,且两种效应的强弱与大盘走势相关,当市场为牛市特征时,动量效应明显强于反转效应;当市场为熊市特征时,则反之.经典的CAPM模型无法解释动量和反转盈利的来源,检验表明投资者对不同类型信息的不同反应方式,可以很好解释我国股市中的动量和反转盈利,利用上述检验结果还可以解释我国股市中许多有趣的特征.     

汇率与股价关系研究最新进展述评

有关汇率与股价关系的最新研究,归纳起来主要有四个发展方向:一是传统宏观经济一般均衡分析方法的拓展,在以往的开放宏观经济均衡模型中将汇率与股价作为宏观经济中重要的解释变量,强化对客观经济运行的考察;二是具有微观基础的均衡分析,包括资产组合平衡与新开放宏观经济两个分析框架下的汇率与股价关系研究;三是从市场的微观结构理论对汇率与股价这两种资产价格进行模型化;四是影响汇率与股价关系的相关因素的分析。本文按照这四个方面进行文献梳理,并进行简要评述。     

上海证券市场CAPM的实证检验

资本资产定价模型CAPM自诞生以来经历了无数次的检验,早期的实证检验多支持和肯定,后来更多的研究否定了它的有效性,认为β对股票没有解释能力。本分四个时间段对上海证券市场CAPM有效性进行检验,否定了CAPM在前三个时间段的有效笥,不能拒绝其在第四时间段有效。随着时间的推移,非系统风险对股票收益的解释能力越来越弱。     

正视证券交易所的公司化改造

２０世纪９０年代以来，随着电子技术的迅速发展，机构投资者的日益壮大，证券市场的自由化和全球化，使得全球金融市场的竞争焦点从商业银行竞争转变为证券交易所竞争，然而对于证券交易所的研究尤其是法学方面的研究没有给予足够重视，这与证券交易所迈入的全球竞争时代是不相适应的。目前，由于金融电子化、证券市场自由化和全球化以及另类交易系统的崛起，传统证券交易所的会员制互助性组织形式及治理结构已经不适应迅速变化的市场环境，在这一背景下，证券交易所的公司化改革浪潮席卷了全球证券市场。本文拟对此问题进行一些探讨。一、…     

论国际证券交易所的产业组织特性

随着功能演进 ,国际证券交易所的市场结构基本上是垄断与竞争并存 ,近年来竞争的因素日趋增强 ,这一趋势可归结为技术进步下交易所规模经济性的强化和进入壁垒的松动。市场结构决定了在国际市场上交易所越来越通过整合、差别化竞争与业间合作等手段提高对市场的控制能力 ,并通过交易成本的降低对市场运作效率产生根本的影响。在这一认识下 ,本文对我国证券交易所的发展战略提出了政策建议     

论股票回购影响企业价值的路径

本文认为,股票回购是成熟资本市场上上市公司一种常用的财务工具,而在我国却未能得到足够的重视。股票回购影响企业价值主要有四种路径。研究股票回购对于规划财务战略、完善公司治理、优化资本结构、改善公司业绩、防御敌意收购、推行员工激励计划、积极引导股价具有重要的现实意义。     

中国股市惯性交易策略的实证研究

本文运用随机占优理论对中国股票市场上的赢家组合、输家组合以及惯性交易策略的有效性进行了实证检验,研究发现在排序期中赢家组合和输家组合的年度收益率分别为48.9%和-39.8%,但持有期的赢家组合和输家组合的年度收益率的绝对值低于排序期,分别为9.76%和-0.89%.运用Barrett-Donald KS的二阶和三阶随机占优检验结果也显示对于不同的样本排序期和持有期,赢家组合确实随机占优于输家组合,从而验证了中国股票市场上"强者恒强、弱者恒弱"的股市定律及"追涨杀跌"交易策略的有效性.