商业贿赂、媒体报道与公司价值——基于民营上市公司的经验证据

本文以2003～2017年商业贿赂行为被媒体报道的民营上市公司为样本,将商业贿赂的类型按照参与者分为官商贿赂和商商贿赂两种,实证检验贿赂报道对公司价值的长短期影响,研究发现:被报道有贿赂行为的民营上市公司短期内有负面的市场反应,但是贿赂报道对公司价值在长期内没有影响。进一步研究发现,负面的短期市场反应只是针对进行官商贿赂的公司,这些公司在长期内改进了公司的内部控制质量。以上研究表明,公众对不同类型的商业贿赂行为的态度有差异,公众的区别对待影响了贿赂报道后公司的应对策略。     

投资者对上市公司负面环境事件的关注及其市场反应

资本市场对负面环境事件的有效反应是激励行业企业环境保护的重要途径。本文对所有在A股和H股市场交叉上市公司的负面环境信息披露事件的市场反应进行研究,并从投资者关注的视角分析负面环境事件市场反应的作用机制和影响因素。研究发现整体上我国负面环境信息披露事件对股票市场造成的冲击弱于其他国家的市场,相比来说,A股市场比H股市场反应速度更快,但程度更小;两市场上投资者对公司的关注度越高,市场反应程度越大;信息披露方、行业、公司类型、财务状况等因素也对市场的累计异常收益率有显著影响。本文的结论从投资者关注角度证明了加强重大环境事件信息临时披露的必要性,并从市场差异角度启示了内地市场逐步落实强制性环境信息披露重要性。未来完善绿色金融体系,一要明确环境信息披露标准体系,逐步提升企业自身环境管理能力;二要搭建良好的信息平台,充分发挥大众媒体和专业NGO的力量;三要通过宣传教育和风险评估模型研发,培育绿色投资者。     

投资者对上市公司负面环境事件的关注及其市场反应

资本市场对负面环境事件的有效反应是激励行业企业环境保护的重要途径。本文对所有在A股和H股市场交叉上市公司的负面环境信息披露事件的市场反应进行研究,并从投资者关注的视角分析负面环境事件市场反应的作用机制和影响因素。研究发现整体上我国负面环境信息披露事件对股票市场造成的冲击弱于其他国家的市场,相比来说,A股市场比H股市场反应速度更快,但程度更小;两市场上投资者对公司的关注度越高,市场反应程度越大;信息披露方、行业、公司类型、财务状况等因素也对市场的累计异常收益率有显著影响。本文的结论从投资者关注角度证明了加强重大环境事件信息临时披露的必要性,并从市场差异角度启示了内地市场逐步落实强制性环境信息披露重要性。未来完善绿色金融体系,一要明确环境信息披露标准体系,逐步提升企业自身环境管理能力;二要搭建良好的信息平台,充分发挥大众媒体和专业NGO的力量;三要通过宣传教育和风险评估模型研发,培育绿色投资者。     

探究负面事件中投资者关系管理的价值效应考察

在我国市场快速发展的过程中,资本市场的关系构建与维护对上市公司股东利益会产生非常重要的影响,必须要积极加强对负面事件投资者关系管理的价值效应进行深入的探究。通过对负面事件市场效应考察能够总结发现企业的前期投资者关系管理质量越高,则表明企业在负面事件影响下的市场效应越高,说明投资者关系管理可以有效保护股东的利益,避免股东的权益受到损失。投资者关系管理的保险效应仅存在于规模比较大的公司之中,对规模比较小的公司并不发生关系,大多数的公司违规事件会导致投资者权益受损,高管违规事件却并不存在此类关系,在违规事件下投资者关系管理的保险效应会更加明显,通过对负面事件进行关系管理,也能够提高公司应对危机的整体水平。     

掏空、支持与并购重组--来自我国上市公司的经验证据

本文选取我国资本市场 1 998— 2 0 0 1年间发生的 41 6起上市公司收购兼并非上市公司事件为研究样本 ,实证考察了控股股东和地方政府的支持或掏空动机对上市公司长期绩效的影响。结果表明 ,当公司具有配股或避亏动机时进行的购并活动能够在短期内显著提升公司的会计业绩 ,而无保资格之忧时进行的并购活动目的在于掏空资产 ,会损害公司的价值 ,但掏空行为对公司的会计业绩却没有显著影响。     

上市公司定向增发公告对股票价格波动影响的实证研究

自《上市公司证券发行管理办法》颁布以来,定向增发因为具备有门槛低、方式灵活等特点成为我国上市公司股权再融资的主要方式.本文以沪深两市中的450家上市公司作为样本,利用事件分析法研究这些公司的定向增发公告对股票价格波动的影响,结果发现,市场对增发有负面反应.     

双康事件溢出效应对社会信任的影响及内因探究

本文以“双康”事件(康美药业和康得新)为契机,研究重大违规事件的溢出效应,利用事件同行业和同地区上市公司为实验样本进行检验,结果表明:①当公司发生了重大违规行为后,导致同行业的上市公司股价会显著下降,而同地区上市公司受到的影响并不显著;②通过检验溢出效应的内在机制,本文验证了上市公司盈余质量是造成行业溢出效应的影响因素,盈余质量越低的上市公司受到的波动越显著;③在分组检验的结果中,本文证明股权集中度高和国有所有权的上市公司受到违规事件的影响更加显著.由此,意味着投资者在面对负面市场消息时可能会以会计信息为依据进行投资决策.所以,本文建议上市公司应该通过提升自身的会计信息质量从而降低负面事件的波动.     

政府干预、政治关联与地方国有企业并购

本文以2001—2005年间发生的地方国有上市公司收购非上市公司的事件为样本,研究地方政府干预、政治关联对地方国有企业并购绩效的影响。研究发现:地方政府干预对盈利样本公司的并购绩效有负面影响,而对亏损样本公司的并购绩效有正面影响。这说明,出于自身的政策性负担或政治晋升目标,地方政府会损害或支持当地国有上市公司,这为政府"掠夺之手理论"和"支持之手理论"提供了实证支持。我们还发现,盈利样本公司的并购绩效与政治关联正相关。这表明,政治关联可以作为法律保护的替代机制来保护企业产权免受政府损害。     

现金投资还是现金滥用:我国上市公司出售回租的信息解读

基于2007年1月至2012年12月沪深两市进行过出售回租的59家上市公司为研究样本,运用事件研究法对其进行出售回租的市场反应进行研究。结果表明:我国上市公司在进行出售回租时,现金流较为充裕的公司会比现金流相对吃紧的公司产生更加负面的市场反应。这一现象可初步解释为投资者对出售回租具有滥用现金流可能性的负面反应。因此,投资者和监管部门须认清出售回租这种融资行为背后的动因和目的。     

产业效应对中国上市公司并购绩效和并购动机的影响

本文以2005年中国上市公司开展的并购事件为研究对象,从不同的角度分析了产业效应对我国上市公司并购绩效和并购动机的影响。在对整体样本的并购绩效进行研究的基础上,进一步对横向、纵向、混合三种不同类型并购的绩效进行了分析比较,并对产业创新型并购和非产业创新型并购的产业效应差别进行了分析。从整体来看,产业效应对公司并购的影响可以忽略。同时产业效应对公司并购绩效确实有影响。产业效应对不同类型并购的影响是不同的,其中对混合并购具有积极的、显著的影响,而对横向并购的影响最小。从产业效应的视角来对中国上市公司的并购行为进行分析,是本文的创新之处。     

Regulation Effects on Company Beta Components*

This paper introduces a general model to analyse the effects of regulation on company risk. In particular, we consider two determinants of systematic risk: the company's overall risk and the correlation between the regulated company's value and the market. Theoretical findings indicate that, as regulation gets stricter, the company's abnormal returns will turn negative whereas the two systematic risk components will increase, and vice versa. We use event analysis elements and a time‐varying beta estimation to verify the regulation impact on risk and returns in the English electricity distribution industry. We find that systematic risk varies significantly during the period considered in our analysis. Furthermore, the analysis points to negative relationships between abnormal returns and both market correlation and overall risk variations.     

Product cannibalization and the role of prices

The role of brand prices in contributing to product cannibalization is examined. Price elasticities and reference price theory are used to provide a theoretical foundation and empirical test for the impact of a firm's cheap brand on one of its expensive brands. Results are consistent with the conclusion that the market share of the company's premium brand was cannibalized by a growth in sales of its cheap brand.     

UK's stock market reaction to Brexit process: A tale of two halves

We examine the UK's stock market reaction to 27 events associated with the likelihood of Brexit. Though the overall market reactions to these events is negative, a dissection of these events into the pre and post Brexit referendum events unearth interesting facts. In particular, we find that the market reaction is negative and significant to the events leading up to and including the announcement of Brexit results. This negative reaction is not confined to the day of announcement of the outcome of Brexit referendum only rather it spans over the events that enhanced the likelihood of the Brexit in the pre-Brexit referendum period. However, our results show a positive market reaction to events that occurred after the Brexit referendum. These findings suggest that initially market reacted negatively to the Brexit; however, as the UK's future economic relations with EU started to take a shape, the market started to see the positive side of Brexit. Consistent with this notion, our cross-sectional analysis shows a positive market reaction for the firms that are engaged in foreign sales and that much of the negative market's reaction relates to the firms that openly stated the negative effect of Brexit on their operations. Finally, we do not find evidence of market reaction to UK firms depending on European labor force; however, we do find significantly positive stock market reaction to the firms involved more in international trade. An important caveat of our study is that our reported results are sensitive to the choice of market index.     

上市公司现金股利决策同群效应研究——基于董事连锁视角

文章以2014—2018年A股上市公司为样本,实证检验了公司现金股利决策的同群效应存在性,并将公司在同行业中兼任的董事作为现金股利决策信息的传递渠道,探究同业董事连锁对此效应的影响及其情景异质性和价值效应。研究发现:上市公司现金股利决策存在明显的同群效应;公司董事同业兼任会传递相关决策信息,从而显著强化现金股利决策的行业同群效应;在董事连锁下,高竞争性行业公司、融资约束较大及国有性质的公司未表现出股利同群效应行为,而低竞争性行业公司、融资约束较小及非国有性质的公司表现出更为显著的股利同群效应行为,而此效应给公司带来的价值效应是呈倒U型的。公司的现金股利决策应当结合自身实际科学合理制定,以实现利益相关者价值最大化。     

Impacts of meat product recalls on consumer demand in the USA

The impact of meat product recall events on consumer demand (beef, pork, poultry, and other consumption goods) in the USA is tested empirically. Beef, pork, and poultry recall indices are constructed from both the Food Safety Inspection Service's meat recall events and from newspaper reports over the period 1982–1998. Following previous product recall studies, recall indices are incorporated as shift variables in consumers’ demand functions. Estimating an absolute price version of the Rotterdam demand model, findings indicate that Food Safety Inspection Service's meat recall events significantly impact demand, and newspaper reports do not. Moreover, although elasticities related to recall events are significant they are small in magnitude relative to price and income effects. Any favourable effects on the demands of meat substitutes for a recall are offset by a more general negative effect on meat demand. The general negative effect indicates a shift out of meat to non-meat consumption goods.     

What does tax aggressiveness signal? Evidence from stock price reactions to news about tax shelter involvement

We study the stock price reaction to news about corporate tax aggressiveness. We find that, on average, a company's stock price declines when there is news about its involvement in tax shelters. We find some limited evidence for cross-sectional variation in the reaction. For example, the reaction is more negative for firms in the retail sector, suggesting that part of the reaction may be a consumer/taxpayer backlash. In addition, the reaction is less negative for firms that are viewed to be generally less tax aggressive, as proxied by the firm's cash effective tax rate. We interpret this as being consistent with the market reacting positively to evidence that a firm is trying to reduce taxes when their financial reports would lead one to believe the firm is not tax aggressive.     

产品市场扭曲对居民消费潜力的影响研究——基于制造业数字化转型视角

随着统一大市场的加速构建，培育一个具有良好竞争环境的“内循环”消费市场是实现中国经济平稳复苏的有效途径。基于2001—2015年中国工业企业数据库，结合地区投入产出表匹配数据，以制造业数字化转型视角深入探究由区域市场势力引致的产品市场扭曲对居民消费潜力的影响。研究发现：(1)产品市场扭曲对居民消费潜力存在显著的抑制作用，主要通过加剧价格波动、降低产品质量、缩减供给规模、减少劳动收入四条途径抑制居民消费潜力；(2)数字化转型的调节效应显著弱化了产品市场扭曲对居民消费潜力的抑制作用，其中，产业互联网相对于其他维度的数字化转型表现出更强的调节效应；(3)考虑产品类别、行业及地区异质性发现，对于基础型和普通品质产品、资本密集和低竞争度行业、城镇和西部地区，数字化转型更能显著缓解产品市场扭曲对居民消费潜力的抑制作用。研究结论为优化市场供给环境，推进数字化转型，实现消费潜力有效释放提供了产业层面的证据和决策依据。     

Modeling of the impact of the financial crisis and China's accession to WTO on China's exports to Germany

We focus on discussing the impact of China's accession to WTO and the financial crisis on China's exports to Germany, particularly in agricultural products, based on some most recent proposals. Firstly, structural breaks caused by those events are detected. Then the Box–Cox model and a new tree-form Constant Market Share (CMS) model are fitted to discover the long-term impact of those events on the trade relationship between China and Germany and the growth causes of China's exports to Germany. We found that China's accession to WTO had a negative short-term impact on China's exports and its market share in agricultural products, but a positive short-term impact on its market share in industrial products and a positive long-term impact on its exports and market share in both classes. The tree-form CMS model shows the growth of China's exports to Germany due to competitiveness after this event was much higher than before. The financial crisis exhibited a negative short-term impact on China's exports to Germany, but a positive short-term impact on China's market share and the trade relationship between both countries in industrial products. China's market share in agricultural products was not affected by the financial crisis.     

International Transmission of the People's Bank of China's Balance Sheet Expansion

The People's Bank of China's (PBoC) balance sheet expanded more dramatically than any of its major international counterparts during the past decade. The main contribution to this expansion was the rapid accumulation of the central bank's foreign assets, as a result of foreign exchange market intervention. In this paper, we examine the possible international transmission of this expansion by analyzing monthly data for China and 15 other countries over the period 2000–2012. Impulse response analysis based on vector autoregression modeling suggests that the PBoC's balance sheet expansion has greater impacts on developing than on developed countries. So far the influences appear to be dominated by “trade channels” instead of “financial channels,” possibly due to China's capital account controls. However, the impacts of the PBoC's balance sheet expansion on other countries' interest rates, exchange rates, and stock market prices could strengthen significantly in the coming years as China's economic scale grows and its capital account opens up.     

中国A股市场个股收益影响因素的实证分析

选取公司市值、账面市值比、净营运资产、市净率和管理费用作为解释变量来构建面板数据模型,利用2007—2011年我国A股市场中573家上市公司的面板数据进行回归分析,探析这些财务指标对中国A股市场的股票月收益率的解释力度。研究结果显示:上述解释变量对股票月度收益率具有显著影响,说明这些财务指标对股票收益的解释力度较强;公司市值和账面市值比与股票收益率正相关,在研究期间存在明显的账面市值比效应;净营运资产、市净率和管理费用与股票收益率负相关;中国股票市场是一个弱式有效市场。