Entrepreneurial ability, income distribution, and international trade

This paper develops a two-sector model in which the firms in one sector are heterogeneous due to differences in the level of ability between entrepreneurs. Changes in prices lead to entry or exit of marginal firms and changes in the size of infra-marginal firms. The effects of endowment changes and output price changes are shown to depend on factor intensities of marginal and infra-marginal firms. Conflicts between entrepreneurs may arise over commercial policies if factor intensities differ sufficiently in the heterogeneous sector.     

关于我国收入分配制度的思考

收入分配制度需要同国民经济的发展保持同步,并且科学地匹配,这样才能实现社会的和谐可持续发展.本文对当前我国收入分配制度中存在的问题及影响进行了分析,并提出了改革和完善收入分配制度的对策建议.     

Distribution of world income in the Ricardo-Mill model of international trade

Changes in the distribution of world income and relative welfare in response to exogenous changes in country size are investigated in a two country many commodity Ricardo-Mill model of international trade. This inquiry was opened by Dornbusch, Fischer and Samuelson for the case of a continuum of commodities. Attention here is focused on the two and three commodity cases and how the production possibility set changes as commodities become neighbors in the continuum.     

经济改革和收入分配

本文探讨了以下几个问题:收入差距的基本情况、当前收入分配差距的估计结果、针对当前有关中国收入分配差距的一些估计上存在的争论以及对当前收入差距扩大问题的看法。本文指出,对待当前收入分配以及收入差距扩大的问题,要坚持两个原则:第一,应看到收入差距扩大和收入分配不公是不同的问题。第二,城乡收入差距有其历史的原因,应从历史角度来看待和理解当前的收入差距,才能在政策制定上有更加科学的考虑。     

劳动收入在国民收入分配中合理比例判断的实证研究

本文根据我国现有的相关数据构建我国劳动力贡献模型,以此为依据测算我国劳动力合理收入比例,并与我国现实劳动力收入比进行比较,最后得出结论:我国劳动力在收入分配中的比例过低,必须提高劳动在国民生产总值分配中的比重.本文丰富和发展了我国的收入分配理论,为政府进行科学决策提供了理论依据.     

Explaining import quality: The role of the income distribution

We examine a generalized version of Flam and Helpman [Flam, H., Helpman, E., 1987. Vertical Product Differentiation and North-South Trade. American Economic Review, 77, 810-822.] in which consumption prices for quality differentiated goods are rising in household income. We provide propositions for aggregating this relationship across heterogenous households to map cross-country differences in income distributions to cross-country differences in import price distributions. The theoretical predictions are examined and confirmed using disaggregated data on prices of traded goods and micro data on household income from the Luxemburg Income Study. Country pairs with more similar income distributions have more similar import price distributions, whether similarity is measured by 1st-4th moment statistics, population and consumption shares within world income and product price quantiles, or income and price dis-similarity indices.     

Temporal changes in income distribution among the states of America during the 1980s

Abstract: The purpose of this paper was to examine the effect of variations in selected factors on the change in interstate distribution of household income during the 1980s. The results indicate that the percentage change in the female labour force's participation as well as the state unemployment rate had statistically significant effects on the percentage increase change in the Gini measure of income inequality.     

Economic transformation, population growth and the long-run world income distribution

We present and calibrate a model where trade with advanced economies spurs development, and trade opportunities depend on the relative population in advanced and developing countries. As developing countries become advanced, prospects improve for the remaining developing countries. If population growth differentials between developing and advanced economies are small, economic development accelerates over time. Otherwise, long-run global prosperity requires a sufficiently large initial population in advanced countries. More open countries develop faster, but more openness by all developing countries may only modestly increase their aggregate growth. China's development may hurt developing countries in the short-run, but improves their long-run prospects.     

Marketing and distribution strategies for international organizations

Recently international organizations as e.g. the International Monetary Fund or the GATT have increasingly been criticized particularly by developing countries. Even the creation of a kind of super-UNCTAD is under discussion. Other institutions are also subjected to increasing pressure to justify the investments of their sponsors in terms of the “product” which they are offering. What about adequate strategies for the international organizations?     

社会资本理论视角下的我国收入分配制度改革问题探讨

随着我国经济的不断发展和收入分配制度改革的不断深入,社会资本作为一种潜在的资本,在使用过程中对收入分配制度改革的影响逐步增大。因此,从社会资本的视角来看待收入分配制度的改革就成为一个亟待解决的现实问题。本文在论述了社会资本和收入差距的关系基础上,分析了我国收入分配领域社会资本的发展状况,从社会资本的视角提出了解决收入差距的具体对策。     

建设适应高质量发展的收入分配体系研究

适应高质量发展,需要建设适应高质量发展的收入分配体系。近年来,我国居民收入持续快速增长,城乡和区域间居民收入差距继续缩小,低收入群体分配结构持续改善,居民收入来源格局更趋于合理。但收入分配仍面临宏观分配格局不够完善、分配差距仍处于高位、扩大中等收入群体的任务艰巨、收入分配体制机制有待健全等问题。要建设适应高质量发展的收入分配体系,需要保持经济平稳增长,推动实现更高质量和更充分就业,加快完善初次分配、再分配、第三次分配制度政策等多措并举,实现收入分配合理、社会公平正义、全体人民共同富裕。     

The interplay of international trade,economic growth and income convergence: a brief intellectual history of recent developments

The literature on the interplay of international trade, economic growth, and income convergence across economies has proliferated in the past few decades. The present essay reviews the theoretical advancements and empirical findings in this literature. The focus will be on recent developments with a few glances at the past. The essay also describes new findings and insights into the role of international trade in global income distribution. Ideas for further research are offered throughout the essay.     

Developments in International Franchising

In this article some of the recent developments in international franchising are analysed and their implications considered. The emphasis is on business format franchising which, although still less important overall than product and tradename franchising, has been growing at a faster rate, and there are prospects of conversions to the business format version in the oil industry retailing sector. The spread of international franchising has continued to extend, stimulated by the demand for franchising concepts at the consumer level, and by the active interest of a wide range of buyers of franchise systems in different countries who see franchising as providing new business opportunities. The international franchising scene has become more competitive however, as new local systems have continued to extend, stimulated by the demand for franchise concepts at the consumer level, and by the active interest of a wide range of buyers of franchise systems in different countries who see franchising as providing new business opportunities. The international franchising scene has become more competitive however, as new local systems have continued to arise in different countries, and some have begun international operations.     

论《国际经济学》课程在国际贸易专业中的再定位

国际经济学是国际贸易专业的核心课程,但其在国际贸易专业教学实践中存在定位不清的问题,笔者从教学目的、教学内容和教材三方面说明了这一问题,并指出其原因,最后给出了相应的对策建议.