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1.
This study analyzes the impact of trade on wages in the context of the specific factors model by focusing on the link between trade and the average real wage. A recent paper by Jones and Ruffin (Rev Int Econ, 16:234–249, 2008) shows how one can use the specific factors model to predict how labor should fare from an improvement in the terms of trade. For this purpose, I use annual firm-level data on the manufacturing sector in Ghana during the period 1991–1997. I find that a ceteris paribus increase in the price of exportables in the wood industry would help labor but labor would be hurt by price increases in the food-baker, furniture, textile-garment, and metal-machinery industries.
Gokhan H. AkayEmail:
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2.
Abstract

This paper is concerned with the geography of structural change in Great Britain since 1971. It divides the country into two broad areas—the ‘North’ comprising Northern England, the West Midlands, Wales and Scotland, and the ‘South’ comprising the rest of mainland Britain. The paper documents the uneven regional impact of industrial decline and the rise of the new service economy. The role of the export base is analysed in an appendix using a simple mathematical model to link together regional competitiveness, employment, fiscal transfers, population and migration.

Une évolution mixte et irrégulière: réflexions sur la démarcation Nord/Sud

RÉSUMÉ La présente communication se penche sur la géographie des changements sur le plan structurel survenus en Grande-Bretagne depuis 1971. Elle subdivise le pays dans les deux zones principales suivantes: la région « Nord », comprenant le nord de l'Angleterre, les West Midlands, le Pays de Galles et l’Écosse, et la région « Sud », comprenant le restant de la Grande-Bretagne. La communication documente l'impact régional irrégulier du déclin industriel ainsi que l'essor du secteur tertiaire. Elle analyse le rôle de la base export, dans une annexe, en utilisant un modèle mathématique simple permettant de lier ensemble la compétitivité régionale, l'emploi, les transferts fiscaux, la population et la migration.

Desarrollo combinado y desigual: reflexiones sobre la división entre Norte y Sur

EXTRACTO Este trabajo se refiere a la geografía del cambio estructural en Gran Bretaña desde 1971. Divide al país en dos áreas amplias: el ‘Norte’, compuesto por el norte de Inglaterra, las West Midlands, Gales y Escocia; y, el ‘Sur’, compuesto por el resto del territorio británico. El estudio documenta el desigual impacto del declive industrial y el surgimiento de la nueva economía de servicios. La función de la base de exportación se analiza en un apéndice utilizando un modelo matemático simple para enlazar competitividad regional, empleo, transferencias fiscales, población y emigración.

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3.
当前武汉市汉口北商贸物流枢纽区的发展形势喜人,汉口北商贸物流枢纽区发展前景广阔,但武汉市汉口北商贸物流枢纽区的发展面临着诸多激烈竞争,这些竞争必将使目前还稚嫩的汉口北商贸物流枢纽区面临极大的挑战,所以有必要对武汉市汉口北商贸物流枢纽区发展进行准确的SWOT分析,充分了解自己的优势和劣势、分析自己的机遇和威胁。  相似文献   

4.
世界经济正在从制造型经济向服务型经济转型。服务贸易在世界经济舞台中扮演着越来越重要的角色,未来服务贸易领域的竞争势必更加激烈。文章在对我国服务贸易近十年的历史数据整理研究的基础上,指出了我国服务贸易中存在的问题,分析了我国加快发展服务贸易的战略意义,并有针对性地提出了加快发展我国服务贸易的措施建议。  相似文献   

5.
近年来,中国第三产业增加值发展速度不断下降,比起2008年左右的高速增长,现在中国第三产业正处在低速发展的阶段,研究当前中国第三产业发展情况对于我国经济发展具有重大意义。论文结合当前中国环境保护力度不断加大这一情况,从波特假说和环境经济学理论出发,探究环境规制强度对中国服务业增加值的影响。研究结果显示,在中国经济发展当前阶段,环境规制强度的加深对第三产业增加值增长呈抑制作用,同时这种影响呈正U型。  相似文献   

6.
文章论述了我国外贸企业的发展现状,继而分析了金融危机给我国外贸企业带来的影响,提出了促进我国外贸持续发展的几点对策,以期能够为我国当前外贸行业的发展提供借鉴。  相似文献   

7.
张芸婷 《价值工程》2011,30(35):306-307
中国加入世贸组织之后,泉州应如何顺应环保发展趋势,实现泉州外贸的可持续发展是摆在我们面前的重要问题。本文先从可持续发展的含义及其提出的背景入手,结合影响泉州外贸的可持续发展的三大因素,主要提出了外贸企业促进自身可持续发展、政府引导推进外贸可持续发展和以品牌建设巩固泉州外贸可持续发展三方面促进泉州外贸可持续发展的对策。  相似文献   

8.
In this paper we derive a method for the estimation of symmetric input–output tables (SIOTs), which makes it possible to use the commodity technology assumption even when use- and make tables are rectangular. The method also solves the problem of negative coefficients. In the empirical part we derive annual SIOTs in order to evaluate the differences between SIOTs calculated with different methods and the change in technical coefficients over time. Our results, based on data for Sweden, show that the impact of using different technology assumptions is rather large. However, in a factor content of trade application the impact of different technology assumptions does not seem to be very important. Also the size of the changes in the technical coefficients over time is found to be quite large, indicating the importance of calculating SIOTs annually.  相似文献   

9.
“标准”一词初见于东晋(327~376年),为道德标准,技术“标准”的用法见于北魏建昌四年(515年),唐朝时“标准”一词的使用已经十分普遍,南宋时期,“标准”一词的内容已经多样化,涉及人文、管理和技术领域。南宋朱熹提出了关于标准的完整定义,是“极”与“中”的结合。汉语词组“标准”的含义比ISOOEC定义更广泛。  相似文献   

10.
利用2000—2013年江苏省13地市的面板数据考察江苏省出口贸易对城乡收入差距的影响,采用静态面板数据模型和动态面板数据GMM模型实证分析江苏省不同区域的出口贸易、高等教育发展与城乡收入差距之间的关系以及作用机制,研究结果显示:对于整个江苏省以及苏南地区而言,出口贸易、高等教育发展均扩大了城乡收入差距;对于苏中地区而言,出口贸易、高等教育发展扩大了城乡收入差距,且高等教育的中介效应显著;对于苏北地区而言,出口贸易、高等教育发展均为缩小城乡收入差距做出了显著贡献,且高等教育这一中介变量显著缩小了该地区的城乡收入差距;此外,所有地区的城乡收入差距均具有自我强化的作用。  相似文献   

11.
按照《苏南现代化建设示范区规划》提出的在无锡建设职业教育改革实验区的要求,分析苏南现代化建设新形势下无锡职教园与锡西新城协同发展面临的问题,并提出对策建议,以期为无锡职教园和锡西新城的一体化发展提供借鉴,带动园区企业的科技创新,进而推动无锡新板块魅力锡西,山水智城——锡西新城的全面发展。  相似文献   

12.
卜立言  张娜  卜一丁 《价值工程》2010,29(11):217-217
国土面积仅相当于我国一个省的韩国,现今在经济发展上取得了令人瞩目的成绩。这在很大程度上得益于韩国政府所倡导的"设计兴国"、"设计优先"的方针以及韩国对设计教育的重视。更得益于韩国教育界在学生大学期间为学生所设定的明确的培养目标,就是把"培养创造力、激发想象力"作为培养学生的重中之重。这在每年韩国美术高考加试中试题的类型中清晰可见。韩国的设计教育为韩国经济的发展起到了重要的推动作用,同时,经济的发展又促进和明晰了设计教育的发展方向。  相似文献   

13.
    
This research aims to understand how multinational corporations (MNCs) enter the base of the pyramid (BoP) by adopting the creation view of opportunities. We employ actor–network theory and explore the key actors, the process and the opportunity development that enable MNCs to tackle the relative poverty of the BoP market. Our qualitative exploratory case study illustrates that, at the BoP, MNCs have to involve beneficiary stakeholders such as non-governmental organizations and BoP communities. In this process, they should be open to modifying their business model continuously to build awareness about the product among the poor and ensure affordability, availability and acceptability. At the BoP, opportunities do not exist in the external environment and they should be developed by identifying and addressing the real needs of the poor, enhancing their quality of life and being patient about earning a profit. This research contributes to the entrepreneurship literature by expanding the creation perspective of opportunities and provides implications for the managers of companies targeting the BoP market.  相似文献   

14.
15.
减排和增效是衡量企业高质量发展的核心。本文以2007年逐步实施的工业二氧化硫排污费征收标准改革为例,基于2004—2014年省级经济环境数据和沪深股市上市工业企业数据,探究环境规制改革对工业二氧化硫排放和企业绩效的影响。实证研究结果显示,整体而言,排污费标准调整并未实现显著的减排效果。但是,随着环境执法强度的提高,排污收费标准调整会发挥出显著的减排效应,且不再抑制企业绩效的增长。同时,排污收费标准调整对不同政府层级监管的企业、不同利益关联性企业存在异质性影响,其中,显著降低了中间层级政府监管的国有企业绩效,但对税收大户和大企业存在“包庇效应”,使企业绩效免遭显著的负向冲击。因此,在中国改排污收费为环保税的当前,要想激发减排和增效的高质量发展,需要提高地方环境规制强度,加大执法监督力度。  相似文献   

16.
The framework and results of an international multi-region input–output (MRIO) model for the UK are presented. A time series of balanced input–output tables for the UK was constructed for the period 1992 to 2004 by using a matrix balancing procedure that is able to handle conflicting external data and inconsistent constraints. Detailed sectoral and country-specific trade data for the UK were compiled and reconciled with the UK input–output data, and economic and environmental accounts for three world regions were integrated in a UK-specific MRIO model. This was subsequently used to calculate a time series of national carbon footprints for the UK from 1992 to 2004. Greenhouse gas emissions embedded in UK trade are distinguished by destination of imports to intermediate and final demand. Most greenhouse gases show a significant increase over time in consumer emissions and a widening gap between producer and consumer emissions. Net CO2 emissions embedded in UK imports increased from 4.3% of producer emissions in 1992 to a maximum of 20% in 2002. The total estimated UK carbon footprint in 2004 was 730 Mt for CO2 and 934 Mt CO2 equivalents for all greenhouse gases.  相似文献   

17.
    
The conventional argument that the introduction of transfer of development rights (TDR) shifts the power of land use regulation from the state to the market is increasingly under challenge. In China, the state's grip on land is reinforced through TDR, in which the state is both regulator and player. This state-dominated form of TDR affects China in three ways. First, competing aspirations of different scales of government complicate how TDR is implemented. Although the central state promotes TDR to maintain a national balance of arable land, some local states instrumentalize it to expand their landed basis of accumulation. Secondly, TDR tends to benefit the state but not its people. It may increase the fiscal income of the sending government and lessen the land shortage of the receiving government, but sometimes at the expense of the interests of land users without land ownership. Thirdly, given the state's deep involvement in TDR programs, the key for China's TDR to protect arable land lies not so much in clear property rights or a fully fledged market as in effective checks and balances regarding the state's powers over TDR. These three observations attest to the embeddedness of TDR in the local political economy.  相似文献   

18.
以2002—2016年我国30个省区市的数据为研究样本,基于SBM方向性距离函数的Malmquist-Luenberger指数方法测算绿色全要素生产率,选取固定效应模型实证分析贸易开放和FDI对绿色全要素生产率的影响,结果表明:贸易开放有利于促进技术进步,进而对我国绿色全要素生产率具有显著的促进作用,而FDI对我国绿色全要素生产率具有显著的抑制作用,验证了“污染避难所”假说,且这种影响存在一定的区域异质性,贸易开放对东部沿海地区绿色全要素生产率的促进作用更显著,而FDI对中西部内陆地区绿色全要素生产率的抑制作用更加明显;贸易开放与FDI的交互作用有利于绿色全要素生产率的提升,说明贸易开放和FDI的良性作用机制已形成;科技投入、物质资本水平和人力资本水平均有利于绿色全要素生产率的提升,但基础设施建设目前存在资源浪费和环境污染问题,对绿色全要素生产率具有抑制作用。  相似文献   

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