透明度变化对股票市场投资者委托单提交行为和交易成本影响研究

基于2003年12月8日沪深交易所交易前市场透明度改革背景,本文利用一家营业部的投资者报价和交易数据,研究同一个机构投资者和散户投资者在透明度改革前后委托单提交激进程度的变化,以及这种变化对其完成交易的成本的影响。我们发现,透明度改革前后,机构投资者的委托单提交激进程度都显著大于散户投资者的委托单提交激进程度。透明度增加以后,机构投资者的委托单激进程度显著减少,而散户投资者的委托单提交激进程度增加。同时发现,透明度增加以后,机构投资者通过分拆委托单,增加交易次数,导致完成交易的时间增加,但价格影响力基本没有变化,散户投资者的成交时间和价格影响力有显著改善。     

信息不对称、过度自信与正反馈交易——基于A股上市公司分笔交易数据的研究

本文利用中国股市中上市公司交易数据建立面板模型分别对个人投资者和机构投资者的正反交易行为与信息不对称和过度自信之间的关系进行分析。结果发现过度自信是导致个人投资者和机构投资者正反馈交易行为的重要原因：信息不对称虽然会降低投资者对于股票的需求,但是个人投资者在信息不对称的条件下更依赖历史收益率来做判断．所以信息不对称是个人投资者进行正反馈交易的重要原因,不过信息不对称却会抑制机构投资者的正反馈交易倾向。     

投资者过度自信与过度交易——理论模型与来自我国股市的经验证据

过度自信作为一种认知偏差,会导致投资者将投资收益归因于自身出众的投资能力与信息优势,从而在接下来的投资活动中表现出非理性的一面,外化的集中体现便是过度交易行为。根据过度自信投资者理论模型,结合我国股市投资者的特征,文章尝试提出我国投资者过度自信引起过度交易的两个假设并进行实证检验。结果表明:我国股票市场上投资者普遍存在过度自信引起的过度交易行为;随着股市不断发展,投资者过度自信引起过度交易的程度将有所降低;同时相比熊市而言,在牛市的情况之下投资者过度自信引起过度交易的程度越高。     

信息与价值发现过程——基于散户微结构交易行为的实证研究北大核心CSSCISSCI

本文以面板数据检验了散户交易者在盈余公告期间的微结构交易行为,发现散户交易行为具有投机交易、注意力集中等偏离基本面的交易特征。最后,本文构造包含散户交易因子的超额收益4因子模型,发现流通市值较小的公司股票超额收益受到散户交易显著影响,从而为"散户交易引发估值忧虑"的观点提供了经验数据的支持。     

散户投资者如何影响债券价格？——基于交易所同一只信用债的价格差分析

交易所债券市场存在竞价交易和大宗交易两种方式,由于交易门槛限制,散户投资者只能参与竞价交易。本文考察同一只信用债、同一天在两种交易方式下的价格差,以识别散户投资者的影响。实证结果发现:竞价交易下的债券价格显著更高,并且高收益率债券的交易更为频繁,说明竞价交易下的投资者可能存在片面追逐收益率而忽视基本面的特点。进一步分析发现,在散户需求更大(如票面利率更高、认知度更高)的债券上,价格差也更大,说明散户投资者对高收益率债券的需求是竞价交易价格更高的主因之一。本文还提供证据说明,价格差的持续存在主要是由于套利限制而不是由流动性溢价所导致。最后,本文考察了“云南城投债危机”这一外生冲击对价格差的影响,得到了与上述一致的结论。     

散户和机构的区别及启示

许多朋友要我谈谈在交易中散户和机构的区别。我初略思考了一下，总结了以下几点： 第一，资金量不同。散户之所以是散户，主要是因为资金少，而机构，则可动用从小到千万，大到上百亿的头寸以达到预期策略。     

散户、机构投资者宏微观情绪:互动关系与市场收益

本文采用2006年至2015年十年的数据,使用主成分分析法,分别构建散户和机构投资者情绪变量,并将两类投资者情绪分解为反映宏观因素和微观因素的投资者情绪,通过回归分析、向量自回归、格兰杰因果检验等方法,探究中国资本市场散户和机构投资者情绪的关联性,以及两种投资者情绪对市场收益的影响。实证结果表明,散户投资者对机构投资者情绪具有先导性和传导性的影响;反映微观因素的机构投资者情绪具有"智钱效应",而反映微观因素的散户投资者情绪则存在"愚钱效应";反映宏观因素的机构投资者情绪可以起到市场稳定器作用。     

共同机构投资者对企业关联交易的影响：监督还是合谋

利用关联交易侵占中小投资者权益是大股东掏空企业的主要手段,而共同机构投资者是否与大股东合谋参与此类关联交易目前尚无定论。基于此,本文通过2007—2021年我国A股上市企业数据,考察了共同机构投资者对企业关联交易的影响。研究发现：共同机构投资者在企业关联交易中扮演了监督者的角色,参股企业后显著降低了关联交易规模;共同机构投资者主要通过降低企业第二类代理成本、提升企业信息透明度等渠道抑制关联交易行为,从而提高收益和降低风险。此外,当企业所在地区法治水平低时,共同机构投资者会更努力扮演好监督者的角色。本文不仅揭示了共同机构投资者与企业关联交易之间的作用机制,也为我国规范和治理企业关联交易提供了新思路。     

投资者高频情绪对我国A股市场日内过度交易行为的影响——基于东方财富股吧的研究

股票市场中的“过度交易”现象会增加市场波动，进而加剧市场风险。本文抓取了2019年1月1日至2021年11月30日沪深300指数与中证500指数成分股的东方财富股吧发帖文本数据，基于文本数据挖掘方式构建了1小时的社交媒体投资者高频情绪指标，深入探究了投资者情绪对我国A股市场日内过度交易行为的影响及其作用机制。研究发现：投资者情绪能显著地正向影响投资者日内过度交易行为，同时投资者情绪对机构投资者日内过度交易的影响强于个人投资者。进一步地，牛市中受投资者情绪影响产生的日内过度交易行为明显大于熊市；并且相较于中小盘股，投资者情绪对大盘股中个人投资者日内过度交易行为的影响程度更大。本文研究结论对投资者优化投资策略、引导监管机构机制设计、防范我国股票市场过度交易风险等具有较强的参考意义。     

机构投资者能跑赢个人投资者吗？北大核心CSSCISSCI

机构投资者能否战胜个人投资者的问题受到国内外理论界和实务界的持续关注,本文从投资者的仓位变化这一角度对该问题进行了研究。本文发现在好消息公布之前,机构投资者的仓位增加,反之机构投资者的仓位减少,其仓位变化与股票收益存在正相关关系;而个人投资者采取了与机构投资者相反的操作策略,仓位变化与股票收益存在负相关关系。这些研究结果意味着机构投资者获得了高于个人投资者的投资收益。这一发现与很多西方学者的研究结果并不一致,说明在信息透明度较低的中国资本市场中,机构投资者能够通过知情交易获得更高的收益。本文的研究结论有助于拓展人们对知情交易与市场效率关系的认识。     

Corporate culture and analyst catering

This study examines the relation between financial institutions’ corporate culture and the quality of analysts’ research services. Using data collected from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, I measure the weakness of financial institutions’ corporate culture based on violations observed in securities activities unrelated to equity research. I find evidence demonstrating an association between weak corporate culture and analysts’ providing research products catered to institutional clients at the expense of individual investors. Specifically, FINRA violations are associated with both (i) less accurate forecasts and less informative reports, and (ii) higher institutional commission revenues and more broker-hosted conferences for select institutional clients.     

Order aggressiveness of institutional and individual investors

This paper investigates the determinants of the order aggressiveness of institutional and individual investors on the Australian Stock Exchange. Utilizing a proprietary data set that identifies institutional and individual order submissions, we document that the institutional and individual investors become more aggressive when the same-side (opposite-side) market depth increases (decreases). When the spread widens, both individual and institutional investors tend to become less aggressive. Institutional investors are more aggressive in the opening hour of the trading day, while individual investors are less aggressive initially and increase their order aggressiveness during the rest of the trading day.     

The impact of institutional investors on ESG: Evidence from China

This paper studies the influence of institutional ownership on the Chinese A-shares' ESG performance. Findings reveal the positive improvement from institutional investors, and this impact is stronger in firms with better-expected ESG performance and low initial ESG performance. Besides, heterogeneous institutional investors have different influences, and only a pressure-resistant institution plays the promotion role. Further studies based on the period following the financial crisis and when emphasising the environmental protection policy reveal that financial motivation and reputation motivation could be the reason for institutional holding. Our findings are robust after using the instrumental variable analysis, controlling for firm fixed effects, and replacing institutional holdings, and could be beneficial for the governance of firms in China.     

The Effect of Board-Related Reforms on Investors' Confidence

We survey Australian institutional and individual investors regarding how board-related reforms in the Australian Stock Exchange Corporate Governance Council 2003 recommendations and changes to the Corporations Act 2001 in 2004 affect their confidence as investors. The overall results are consistent with suggestions that individual and institutional investors differ in their corporate governance preferences and expectations. The results reveal that, for both individual and institutional investors, the average investor's confidence is improved by increased independence of the board and its committees, increased disclosures of corporate governance information, and CEO and CFO responsibility for the integrity of financial statements. The effect is strongest for individual investors, who also expect greater time commitments by non-executive directors. Institutional investors appear to have more concern for directors' competence or networking.     

Corporate social responsibility and litigation risk: Evidence from securities class action lawsuits

This study examines whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) is associated with the likelihood and outcomes of securities class action lawsuits. We find a lower likelihood of securities litigation for firms with higher CSR. This effect is larger for companies with lower levels of financial distress, companies with larger proportions of institutional investors, and for internal CSR. Additionally, CSR has a mitigating effect on negative market assessments around the filing dates of securities litigation. The results suggest that higher CSR firms are less likely to engage in financial misconduct, and investors are less likely to penalise them for such occurrences.     

An Empirical Investigation into the Importance,Use, and Technicality of Saudi Annual Corporate Information

This study examines the perceptions of the users of annual corporate reports in Saudi Arabia. The focus is on the use, importance, and technicality of the different sources of corporate information contained in Saudi annual reports. Our sample comprises five major user groups, namely individual investors, institutional investors, creditors, government officials, and financial analysts. In comparison with previous research efforts elsewhere around the world, this study found that the balance sheet and the income statement are the most important sections of the annual report to most of the Saudi users’ groups. The board of directors’ report was found to be the least popular. Individual investors were found to place much less importance on the cash flow statement, a finding that is similar to what has been reported in previous literature. Concerning the technicality of the language of Saudi annual corporate information, individual investors indicated that the language of most of the sections of the annual reports is fairly complicated. Although our findings do not indicate a serious problem with the technicality of the language of the report's sections for most of the user groups, a more simplified report would be beneficial to the individual investors.     

Whose money is smart? Individual and institutional investors’ trades based on analyst recommendations

This study explores how institutional and individual investors respond to analyst recommendations. Using a unique account-level trading dataset taken from the Shanghai Stock Exchange, we obtain direct evidence to show that (1) active institutional investors are significantly net buyers (net sellers) on “strong buy” and “buy” (“hold” and “sell”) recommendations; (2) active institutional investors condition their trades based on the buy-side pressure of analysts; (3) institutional investors earn abnormal returns by incorporating analysts’ buy-side pressure into their trading reactions to analyst recommendations; and (4) individual investors, in contrast, exhibit abnormal trade reactions opposite to those of active institutional investors. Our results are robust to alternative measures and different specifications. This study provides evidence that active institutional investors are more sophisticated processors of information and provides support for regulators’ concerns about the sub-optimal investment decisions made by individual investors who are unaware of the potential conflicts of interest analysts may face.     

The Sensitivity of Individual and Institutional Investors' Expectations to Changing Market Conditions: Evidence from Closed-End Funds

This study investigates whether individual and institutional investors respond differently to changes in market conditions. Closed-end funds are the medium used to test the hypothesis because closed-end fund shares (held primarily by individual investors) and the underlying assets (held primarily by institutional investors) are claims to the same stream of distributions. The empirical results suggest that individual investors are more responsive than institutional investors to changes in market conditions. Moreover, although the response of institutional investors differs across stock and bond markets, we cannot reject the hypothesis that the additional sensitivity of individual investors' expectations is uniform across stock and bond markets.     

机构投资者行为与交易量异象

我们验证了在中国资本市场上存在交易量异象,以过去3个月的换手率为基础进行套利,在未来3个月投资者能获取显著的超额回报。使用中期和年度机构持股数据,我们发现机构投资者能识别和利用交易量异象。基于交易量和机构投资者持股比例的信息,我们发现投资者如果买进过去3个月平均交易量最低与机构投资者持股比例最高的一组,同时卖空交易量最高与机构投资者持股比例最低的一组进行交叉套利,他们能在未来3个月获得10.3%的超额回报。     

US and Domestic Market Gains and Asian Investors’ Overconfident Trading Behavior

We find that subsequent to both US and domestic market gains, both Asian individual and institutional investors increase their trading and that this effect is more pronounced in bull markets, in periods of relatively favorable investor sentiment, in periods of extremely high market returns, and in markets with short‐sale constraints. We also find that individual investors trade more in response to market gains than institutional investors. Moreover, we find that further integration of Asian stock markets with US stock markets after the Asian financial crisis in 1998 is an important reason for Asian investors’ response to US market gains.