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受融资、用工成本增高以及原材料价格波动大等因素影响,当前沿海中小企业面临自2008年金融危机以来的新一轮生存困境。而融资作为影响因素之一,对中小企业及整个金融供应链有不可忽视的作用。本文将期权契约引入到保兑仓融资模式中,建立Stackelberg博弈模型对供应链系统及其成员的行为进行决策分析,提出了基于期权契约的供应链保兑仓融资各企业及系统利润的一个算法。并通过对集中型和分散型供应链下的决策研究,发现期权契约可以实现供应链保兑仓融资的协调,而且可以通过调整契约参数使节点企业分配供应链的利润,为金融机构以及陷入"倒闭潮"的中小企业提供参考。 相似文献
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通过收益共享契约协调供应链成员的合作关系,已成为供应链管理研究的重要方向.本文围绕收益共享契约的提出和研究发展等问题,从收益共享的基本模型、需求与价格相关的收益共享契约、决策者具有风险偏好的收益共享契约以及收益共享契约对VMI模式的协调几个方面概述收益共享契约的研究进展,对现有研究成果进行评述,并给出未来可能的研究方向. 相似文献
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考虑由新能源汽车租赁企业和配送企业组成的供应链,在新能源汽车和燃油汽车的运营成本不确定和运力影响下,文章运用NAC容度期望效用和博弈论研究新能源汽车的租赁量、租赁价和配送价格决策,比较了有无成本分担与收益共享两种契约结果,揭示配送企业对运营成本的乐观度和运力的影响。研究发现,引入成本分担与收益共享能提高新能源汽车租赁量,降低配送价格,提升配送需求。随着配送企业对新能源汽车(燃油汽车)运营成本乐观度的提高(下降)或新能源汽车(燃油汽车)运力提升(下降),新能源汽车租赁量均提高,但受契约类型的影响,租赁价和配送价格不一定下降。 相似文献
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考虑由一个供应商和一个零售商组成的二级供应链,其中需求是随机的且受零售商的销售努力水平影响。在销售季节前,零售商需要同时确定订购数量和相应的销售努力水平。在分散式供应链环境下,通过分析传统的收入共享契约无法协调供应链的原因,提出基于成本共担的收入共享契约模型,证明当努力水平影响方式为积的形式时,基于成本共担的收入共享契约能有效协调供应链。 相似文献
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食品生产供应链中,各个阶段、各交易节点之间的契约模式选择在交易成本的约束下,最终会对食品的质量安全水平产生影响。本文以交易成本的三个维度为研究视角,从理论上分析了食品供应链上的交易主体在交易成本约束下的契约选择行为,进而考察其对食品安全供给的影响。研究表明:首先,专用性资产投资越多,交易契约越倾向于紧密型,有利于食品的安全供给;其次,不确定性(质量、价格等)程度越高,下游企业越倾向于生产契约形式,有利于食品的安全供给;第三,交易频率越高,交易双方对彼此的信任程度越高,企业越倾向于采取生产契约模式,有利于食品的安全供给。 相似文献
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本文在回溯已有研究的基础上,主要研究在农产品批发价格情况下,供应链中各个环节的协调情况。其环节包括零售商根据供应商给予的批发价以及市场的需求情况决定相应的订购量,而供应商负责生产并给出批发价等,从而使供应链稳定发展。 相似文献
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With the rapid development of e-commerce, the problem of pricing conflicts between online and offline channels has become increasingly prominent. And the in-sale service has become an important factor influencing consumers' purchase decisions. To study the impact of in-sale service, this paper establishes a dual-channel supply chain model considering offline in-sale service. Using Stackelberg's game theory and backward induction, it solves the optimal pricing of supply chain members and makes comparisons in both cooperative and non-cooperative situations. Finally, it coordinates the supply chain through a two-part tariff contract. The results show that (1) The optimal wholesale price and offline retail price are positively correlated with in-sale service quality. And the opposite of the optimal online direct selling price. (2) With the quality of in-sale service improving, the retailer's profit will increase and then decrease but the manufacturer's profit will always decrease under non-cooperation. The total profit of the supply chain will rise and then fall under cooperation. (3) The two-part tariff coordination maximizes profits with the manufacturer reducing the wholesale price and the retailer paying a transfer cost. (4) Cooperative decision is better than the non-cooperative decision in terms of the supply chain as a whole. 相似文献
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Christoph Haehling von Lanzenauer Olaf Pohl 《Journal of Business Market Management》2007,1(4):273-287
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate an effective coordination process in the B-to-B section of a supply chain. In particular
the paper focuses on the interactions between a supplier of raw materials and a buyer processing them into end products in
the food industry. These interactions are governed by a delivery contract. Under the terms of the current contract a season's
entire crop is purchased at time of planting at an unit price per pound regardless of volume and quality delivered. This simplicity
of the contract is an attractive feature of the interaction in the B-to-B section.
It is shown that the supply chain's optimum cannot be realized with a single price. From several alternatives a pricing scheme
is proposed in which prices are related to quality. The goal is to determine prices which facilitate the supply chain's maximum
performance assuming rational behaviour of the supplier and the buyer. Conditions for realizing the supply chain's maximum
are formulated and an approach is presented which generates a significant improvement in performance.
The authors thank an anonymous referee for his/her constructive suggestions. 相似文献
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互联网经济蓬勃发展,信息不对称现象普遍,其负作用呈现急居扩大的势头。本文通过查阅科技资料,分析信息传输、技术创新、供应链管理、牛鞭效应、价格波动效应、电子商务和诚信契约等多个方面的原因,探究其解决办法,结论是:信息不对称是客观存在的,其负作用只能通过建立长期契约和第三方中介控制的办法,逐渐建立适宜的博奕规则,进行控制管理,才能使信息传递逐步达到价值均衡状态。 相似文献
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In retail supply chains, manufacturers' advertising for national brands and retailers' store brand introduction may relate to each other, and two types of contracts, i.e., agency contract and wholesale contract, are widely used. This paper uses game-theoretic models to investigate the strategic interaction between a manufacturer's advertising strategy and a retailer's store brand introduction strategy. We derive the equilibrium outcomes, including wholesale price, retail price, market demand, retailer's and manufacturer's profits under different contract forms. We find that when the product cost is small relative to the perceived value of the store brand, the introduction of a store brand will benefit the retailer. The retailer is more likely to introduce store brands under the wholesale contract than under the agency contract. In addition, compared with the wholesale contract, the agency contract may increase both the manufacturer's and the retailer's profits and lead to Pareto improvement for them. 相似文献