含水致密气藏产能评价新方法——以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘致密气田为例

随着致密气勘探开发技术的发展，中海油临兴-神府区块致密气勘探取得突破，发现探明储量超千亿立方米的致密气田，然而相比于苏里格等气田，具有地层压力低、产水量大等特点。如何针对该类含水致密气藏产能进行评价对区块开发至关重要。基于该区块实际岩心开展启动压力梯度实验，创新定量评价启动压力梯度与渗透率和含水饱和度之间的关系。在此基础上利用气水两相流渗流力学理论，创新建立考虑动态启动压力梯度的含水致密气藏压裂气井多因素产能公式，并与现场实际试气结果进行对比，验证模型的准确性。研究分析地质工程因素对产能的影响。结果表明：含水饱和度对气井产能影响显著，随着储层含水饱和度的增加，气井产能大幅降低；随着启动压力梯度增加，气井产能降低并且气井存在最小流动压差，为气井生产策略提供依据；压裂工程改造中随着裂缝半长与渗透率的增加，气井产能增加，但是存在最优的裂缝渗透率值。研究成果可为优化致密气工程改造实施提供新的解决方案。     

考虑多因素的致密砂岩气藏不同井型气水产能预测新模型

针对致密砂岩气藏不同类型压裂井,根据稳定渗流理论,利用保角变换、水电相似原理,综合考虑启动压力梯度、应力敏感、气井产水等多个因素的影响,分别建立适用于致密砂岩气藏压裂直井、压裂水平井及压裂斜井的气水两相产能预测模型。实例计算及敏感性分析表明,利用本文模型预测的各类气井无阻流量与测试无阻流量值相近,证实了本文模型产能预测的有效性;压裂气井产能随着启动压力梯度、应力敏感及生产水气比的增加而降低,其中气水两相启动压力梯度对产能影响较小,实际应用时可简化处理。该方法为致密砂岩气藏的合理开发提供了一定的参考价值。     

塔里木油田水平井固井施工难点和主要措施

塔里木油田地区地理位置处于新疆地区境内,位于天山,塔里木盆地塔屯拉玛干沙漠北部边缘,是国家重点工程西气东输项目的主要气源供给区块,由于该区块中上部为泥岩、膏盐互层,地层塑性蠕动技术套管易受挤压变形,下部为高压生产气层,采用常规固井和普通水泥浆体系,不能满足气层生产要求和保证固井质量要求.华北油田固井工程技术处五分处,在技术套管回井中运用新的膏岩层固井技术、井身结构,分析该区块气井固井难点,并以塔里木典型一口井为例阐明固井设计、固井施工特点,从而找到解决该板块固井技术难点的技术措施.产层应用组合大尺寸尾管技术及优化水泥浆体系,使固井质量优质率达到100%.     

美国企业集团产融结合的特点及其对我国的启示

本文从制度变迁、金融创新、资源整合等方面分析和归纳了美国企业集团产融结合的经验,针对我国企业集团产融结合中存在的问题,结合我国国情和企业集团的现实情况,从制度变迁、风险控制等方面提出了对我国企业集团产融结合发展的启示。     

辽宁产融结合的发展重点

产融结合是产业资本和金融资本发展与集中到一定阶段的产物,是市场参与主体通过金融业务、借助一定平台,追求资本不断增值的过程。辽宁省产融结合道路目前尚处于初级阶段,本文介绍如何立足国情省情、借鉴经验,确定辽宁省产融结合的发展重点。     

草舍油田区块原油沥青质初始沉淀压力研究

原油中的沥青质会随温度和压力变化发生沉淀,从而导致孔吼及油流通道堵塞,流动阻力增大,造成不可逆的储层伤害。为了在开发过程中预防沥青质严重沉积影响原油生产,采用近红外光散射技术和过滤法对沥青质初始沉淀压力进行研究。选取草舍油田区块典型井原油样品,采用近红外光散射技术测定油样在井口温度、井筒中部温度以及油藏温度下的沥青质初始沉淀压力,确定沥青质发生沉淀的热力学条件,并对热力学曲线拟合得到三项式回归方程;采用过滤法测定多组压力下的四组分含量,绘制胶质与沥青质比率曲线。结果表明：油样在实验温度为35、50、61、70、84℃时的沥青质沉淀初始压力分别为17.57、17.14、16.52、15.84、14.94 MPa,泡点压力分别为8.51、9.86、10.56、11.14、11.65 MPa;原油沥青质初始沉淀压力在井筒温度范围内呈线性反比例关系,且压力变化时胶质和沥青质呈相反的变化趋势。结合三项式回归方程和井筒温度压力曲线可预测开始出现沥青质沉淀的深度,对于地层防堵、井筒防沥青质沉淀具有参考意义。     

低压低渗油田预防油层二次污染的配套工艺技术

辽河油田茨榆坨采油厂所属各区块断块小、断层多、油气水关系复杂,注水受效不均,低压低产井多。另一方面,茨榆坨采油厂部分区块油井结蜡严重,清蜡热洗频繁,平均热洗周期仅有28天。由于各区块内油井油层压力低,渗流能力差,油井热洗或作业时洗、压井液容易进入地层,从而影响油井产量。在入井流体方面,由于与产层配伍性差,而且密度较高,也同样影响了抽油井的生产。有些区块的采收率很低,有些抽油井已处于停产状态。因此,如何保护油层、预防油层的二次污染,对于提高低压低渗油田开发管理水平和经济效益是十分重要的。     

城市新区产城融合发展模式的相关思考

城市的新区产城规划分为多个阶段。当前的城市发展虽然正处于快速拓展阶段,但也存在很多的问题,比如产能单一。21世纪城市产能种类变得多样化,信息化的产业在城市产能中占的比例逐渐增加,一些高端产业发展成为一线城市产业的中流砥柱。而且城市产能不仅仅关乎城市企业经济,还关乎城市保障、配套设施、交通、环境等诸方面。在这个背景下,新区的产城的发展越来越受到关注。     

股权型企业产融结合绩效影响因素研究——浙江实证

本文以浙江上市企业为样本,建立股权型产融结合的上市公司绩效与其影响因素之间的计量模型,以期对股权型产融结合影响因素进行定量分析.研究发现:股权型企业产融结合实施时间与股权型产融结合绩效之间无显著关系;金融企业参股比例对股权型产融结合绩效的影响存在区间差异;企业规模对股权型产融结合绩效有正向影响;不同的金融机构类型对产融结合绩效的影响不同.     

高校农村经济组织产学合作模式选择博弈分析

文章建立高校与农村经济组织间产学合作模式(研发合作模式和成果交易模式)讨价还价模型,分析农村经济组织提出何种模式及高校接受程度的影响因素。得出如下结论:政府对研发合作模式的奖励额度越大、研发合作双方努力成本越小,越有可能达成研发合作模式;农村经济组织吸收能力越强,高校知识存量越高,知识保留效用越低,则越有利于两种合作模式达成;而交易价格和合作收益分配比例对合作模式选择没有影响。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.