The economics of defence g labour markets

This article considers recent trends in the size of the Armed Forces and reviews the economics of military manpower. The transition from military to civilian employment and the employment experience of redundant defence workers are considered.     

一种供应链仿真系统的设计与实现

仿真技术在供应链系统研究中的作用日益突出。文章提出一种供应链仿真系统的设计和实现方案。系统的仿真引擎采用面向对象的技术和Tcl脚本语言,中间件采用Oregano-Server技术,而用户界面采用Flash技术,这样能够保证系统的运行效率、灵活性、可扩展性及友好性。     

构建住房保障制度的新设想

在衣食问题基本解决之后,住房问题成为关系民生的头等大事。尽管住房市场化是主流和趋势,但是,建立和完善住房保障制度依然是各国政府的基本任务。让全体国民"住有所居"更是     

The effects of Wal-Mart on local labor markets

We estimate the effects of Wal-Mart stores on county-level retail employment and earnings, accounting for endogeneity of the location and timing of Wal-Mart openings that most likely biases the evidence against finding adverse effects of Wal-Mart stores. We address the endogeneity problem using a natural instrumental variables approach that arises from the geographic and time pattern of the opening of Wal-Mart stores, which slowly spread out from the first stores in Arkansas. The employment results indicate that a Wal-Mart store opening reduces county-level retail employment by about 150 workers, implying that each Wal-Mart worker replaces approximately 1.4 retail workers. This represents a 2.7 percent reduction in average retail employment. The payroll results indicate that Wal-Mart store openings lead to declines in county-level retail earnings of about $1.4 million, or 1.5 percent. Of course, these effects occurred against a backdrop of rising retail employment, and only imply lower retail employment growth than would have occurred absent the effects of Wal-Mart.     

The block metric and the law of markets

The “Law of Markets” as originally stated by Fetter and amended by Hyson and Hyson is based on the assumption that the transportation of goods is along a line segment from firm to customer. In many situations the assumption that transportation is along a block-like network of roads is a better approximation of reality. In this paper we establish the “law of markets” appropriate to the block metric. We discover that with such a metric there exist significant discontinuities in a firm's demand functions and we argue that these discontinuities have important implications for the types of competitive strategies open to firms.     

Information markets, product markets and vertical merger

In many markets, firms have the option of advertising at price comparison sites to broaden their market reach. Such sites are often controlled by profit-maximizing “information gatekeepers” charging advertising fees. This paper considers vertical merger between such a monopoly information gatekeeper and a firm in the product market. We find that: (i) If the integrated firm can act as a price leader before independent firms make advertising and pricing decisions, then the merger is profitable. (ii) If the integrated firm cannot move first, then the merger is unprofitable, or divestiture is optimal in the case where the firm has already created the gatekeeper. As a result, the merged entity has an incentive to invest in technologies to support a price leader.     

Defence markets

Although defence is a classic example of a public good, there are extensive opportunities for applying market solutions to the armed forces and defence industries. There are possibilities for beneficial inter-service rivalry and for creating profit centres within the armed forces; substitution is possible between parts of the armed forces, and competition can be used for purchasing weapons and for market-testing activities traditionally undertaken'in-house'by the armed forces. The analysis has implications for the UK strategic defence review.     

库存管理中的安全技术

持有合适的安全库存是企业在成本节约和满足客户需求间的权衡,因此确定合适的安全库存量对于企业甚至整个供应链来说都非常重要。文章研究了确定安全库存时需要注意的三个事项:一是需要区分周期服务水平CSL和产品补给率fr;二是区分季节性库存与安全库存;三是需要重视少数异常值的发现和对安全库存的影响。     

欧元对我国金融市场的影响分析

欧元从最初构想到进入正式流通历经坎坷,终于成功统一了欧洲多国的货币。在过去半个世纪中,国内、外学者提出并发展了关于最优货币区、国际货币体系改革和金融市场一体化等方面的多项理论,欧元的出现为这些理论提供了一个绝佳的验证机会。文章旨在研究欧元诞生后对国际金融市场以及对我国金融市场的影响。     

中国股票市场的月份效应

本文在概述其他学者研究成果的基础上,对我国股票市场的月份效应进行了检验和实证分析,结果发现我国股票市场上不存在许多其他成熟的和新兴的股票市场所共有的一月份效应,但却存在十二月份效应。本文对此进行了充分的论证,并进行了解释。     

Promoting competitive markets: The role of public procurement

The study presented here examines how public procurement agencies address establishing and maintaining competitive markets; a topic still in its academic infancy. Cases are used to address impediments and improve understanding of strategic priorities in managing for competitive markets. Public policy academics have observed many competing policies in the wider public sector. Specifically, this paper identifies a need for research on supplier incentives at a market level, on the post contract management of suppliers and as an important sub-set, key supplier relationship management, along with professional development.     

基于协同安全策略的网络安全管理平台之设计与构建

文章设计了一种可以动态实现和设置安全要素的网络安全管理平台NetSecu,有效管理生产网络中的各种安全要素。每个NetSecu节点都是基于Java和Click模块化路由器构建的。通过运用这一组合,可以动态实现、禁用或升级运行时的安全要素。性能评估显示,NetSecu可以为常用的网络安全管理平台提供足够的性能。     

企业信息安全问题及解决方案

企业信息安全是目前我国企业普遍存在的问题,企业信息系统的安全成为企业信息化建设的一个重要课题,文章从企业网络防护体系、操作系统防护体系、防病毒体系等方面论述、探讨了如何将企业的信息安全提高到一个较高的水平。     

现代儿童玩具的安全性设计

随着人们生活水平的不断提高,玩具已经由从前的奢侈品变成如今大多数孩子的必需品。但是由于儿童没有识别、防范和躲避危险的能力,现代一些玩具产品的质量、安全性直接关系到儿童的身体健康和生命安全。在玩具的开发设计中,就必须考虑儿童玩具的性质和特点,保证儿童在玩的过程中既安全又快乐。     

emerging stock markets

Are stock markets important in underdeveloped countries? Guy Galletly, an economics master at Eton, argues that stock exchanges in Less Developed Countries have a key role in promoting economic growth.     

The no-arbitrage condition and financial markets with heterogeneous information

This paper examines the role of the no-arbitrage condition in financial markets with heterogeneous expectations. We consider a single-period, state-contingent claims model, withM risky securities andS states. There exist two types of heterogeneously informed investors, where the information heterogeneity is defined with respect to either the security payoff matrix, the state probability vector, or state partitions. When the information heterogeneity is defined with respect to either the security payoff matrix or state partitions, the no-arbitrage condition imposes a constraint on the dispersion of information between informed and uninformed investors. Further, the no-arbitrage condition is useful in ascertaining the patterns of heterogeneity among investors that are consistent with equilibrium. However, when the information heterogeneity is defined with respect to state probabilities, the role of the no-arbitrage condition is severely restricted. Finally, the no-arbitrage condition may have important implications for the (necessary and sufficient) conditions for the existence of an equilibrium price vector in financial markets with heterogeneous expectations.     

我国住房保障政策公平性的缺失

研究了我国住房保障政策的公平性问题.认为目前实施的住房保障政策存在政策覆盖面公平性缺失、政策目标对象偏离和扩大贫富差距等问题.在此基础上,从政策设计、住房建设、资格审核和住房管理等方面对公平性问题的产生原因进行了深入探讨,并提出了保障公平的政策建议.     

Stochastic models of resonating markets

This paper describes a way to model a seasonally and irregularly peaking price dynamics, as that originated in commodity and energy markets, using a system of coupled nonlinear stochastic differential equations. The specific case of an electric power market is used to show which microeconomic features this approach is able to model. Critical point analysis is used in a simple way to show how the interaction between dynamic criticality and stochasticity can be used to develop further models, useful to explore more deeply other types of peaking price dynamics.     

互联网网络安全性及其对策

近年来,随着互联网的迅速发展和壮大,网络的安全成了迫不及待需要解决的问题。文章分析了目前危害网络安全的一些主要因素和方式,并有针对性地提出了解决网络安全问题的方法和切入点。在利益驱动下,网络安全事故今后将更加频繁、隐蔽和复杂,网络安全问题需要不断的探索并解决。     

The development of strategic manufacturing capabilities in emerging and developed markets

The purpose of this exploratory paper is to find differences in the occurrence of and the relationships between strategic capabilities for manufacturing firms in developed and emerging markets. To this end, a longitudinal approach is taken, and developments of capability structures in the two types of markets over time are analysed. By concentrating on strategic capabilities, this paper adds to the sparse literature on operations’ globalisation taking a resource-based, internal perspective.