MRPII／ERP实施模型探讨

通过分析总结我国近二十年来实施运行MRPII／ERP系统的经验教训，从企业自身的角度出发，提出了一个企业实施MRPII／ERP系统应遵循的理论模型，旨在探索思考我国企业实施、应用、推广MRPII／ERP系统，逐步实现管理现代化的可行之路。     

MRPⅡ/ERP概述及实例分析

介绍了MRPⅡ和ERP的概念、意义、原理及实施方法，并分析了我国企业实施MRPⅡ／ERP的现状，通过两个实例说明企业应当如何成功实施MRPⅡ／ERP系统。     

ERP成功的关键点在哪里？

希望通过EEP的实施规范企业管理制度，提升企业管理水平，促进企业改革和流程改造，是很多企业领导上ERP普遍存在的心理。但事实往往相反，很多时候，ERP非但不能提升管理反而拖累了运作。业界有句流行语：不上ERP是等死，上了ERP是找死。可见ERP是一把双刃剑。实践表明有两种企业实施成功的可能性非常大，而且实施的周期同样很短。     

浅析企业资源计划（ERP）

近年来，ERP(Enterprise Resources Planning，企业资源计划)管理思想和软件在我国悄然兴起并迅速传播。一时有关ERP的引入成为许多企业关注的话题。什么是ERP?企业实施ERP的意义何在?ERP在我国的应用与发展如何?对此，我们进行以下探讨与分析。     

ERP系统在我国商贸类流通企业的应用探讨

首先分析ERP系统给企业带来的好处，其次分析流通企业在实施ERP系统过程中存在的一些障碍因素，然后重点探讨如何在流通企业实施ERP系统，提出了实施ERP系统的指导思想，建立实施ERP系统的项目组织，再造流通企业的业务流程，最后提出流通企业如何开发ERP系统的一些主要功能模块及其注意事项。     

论ERP在企业管理中的重要性及如何成功实施

本文以笔者所在的企业为研究对象，通过对本企业ERP实施项目进行研究，不仅为该企业制定了一个可参考、可操作的ERP项目管理方案，指导该项目的实施，而且也可以为其他规模相近的企业提供一个可借鉴的ERP实施模式。本文通过对ERP项目的环境分析和笔者企业现状进行分析，确定了企业实施ERP必要性，最后制定出企业实施ERP项目的目标和方案。通过对本企业实践研究，探索出取得ERP实施成功的道路，总结出一种成功的适合大多数中小型企业的ERP项目管理模式。     

企业实施ERP应树立的观念

我国自20年前引进MRPⅡ软件以来，ERP逐步得到推广和应用，且不少企业应用效果明显。如北京第一机床厂应用MRPⅡ提高了30多倍的效率；大众汽车有限公司1996年初实施ERP，1997年销量超过4．2万辆，盈利2亿元；广东科龙容声冰箱厂引进ERPⅡ后，资金占用率降低6．4％，劳动生产率提高25．8％。尽管如此，我国ERP应用的整体效果并不理想。据统计，应用ERP的企业中，成功实现     

实施ERP：提升企业竞争力的有效举措

市场经济的自由化、国际化，产品的多样化，企业间的竞争日益激烈，如何提升企业竞争力，赢得客户，赢得市场，已成为企业管理者面临的重要管理课题。实施ERP便是提升企业竞争力的有效举措。本文从ERP基本概况、实施ERP的优势、实施ERP存在的问题及其解决措施等方面进行了粗浅地分析。     

ERP系统在企业中的应用

介绍了ERP发展现状和趋势，ERP在企业中的实施，并对企业改进ERP提出了一些建议。     

ERP系统在企业中的开发及应用

在简要介绍企业资源计划（ERP）原理的基础上，分析了企业ERP系统的必要性；针对ERP实施中存在的主要问题，阐述了企业应采取的对策。     

Workfare,welfare, agency,and well-being

Workfare programs are state-instituted programs that require able-bodied persons with children of school age who wish to claim welfare payments to participate in job training programs, and, eventually, to enter the work force. The philosophy of workfare is based on the value of work and the goal of self-determination. However, as a mandatory program for welfare recipients, workfare requires of those recipients certain duties which, according to those who challenge workfare, interfere with the freedom to choose what one will do with one's life. Whether some form of workfare will be adopted as part of our national welfare system remains to be seen. What the debate about such a program suggests is that welfare, in itself, by ignoring the necessity of security and education for full human agency, neither satisfies basic needs nor prepares its recipients for any life other than that of dependency. With all its difficulties workfare nevertheless presents an alternative to welfare that, at least in theory, more closely identifies its purpose with the values of our society.     

Externalities, Indivisibility, Nonreplicability, and Agglomeration

In this paper we argue that the impact of external scale economies and diseconomies on city size is not nearly as clear-cut as it is tacitly believed in urban economics. Similarly, city-size distortions are not caused by externalities alone. Indivisibility and nonreplicability, which prevent establishing the “right” number of cities, may represent a source for city-size distortions which can be stronger than the standard resource misallocation resulting from external scale economies and diseconomies. It follows that a direct population dispersion policy is not just an inferior substitute to Pigouvian taxes and subsidies but rather a useful complement.     

Mean, median, mode

Summary This note is an attempt to avoid doing the same search for the third time. It happened twice in my life that I wished to prove that the median is located between mean and mode for certain B -distributions: first in 1953, next in 1976. For arbitrary distributions the result is sometimes referred to as F echner's theorem. Of course it does not hold in general. In order to prove the result for particular distributions one can often use an elegant theorem of T imerding . There is a nice relationship with the standardized third central moment.