有效发挥知识产权制度促进创新的作用

知识产权制度是一种利益机制，其本身并不产生创造发明，而是对发明创造及其应用过程中的利益关系加以确认和保护。知识产权制度是激励创新的有效机制，但知识产权制度使用不当会阻碍创新。因此，要建立以促进创新和公平竞争为目标、发展为导向的知识产权制度；根据外部性和公共利益原则分类管理，建立平衡的知识产权制度；从鼓励创造为主转向鼓励创造和促进运用相结合，提高运用知识产权的能力；以企业为知识产权产业化应用的主体，提高知识产权的利用效率。     

在新形势下深入推进产学研合作着力提升企业技术创新能力

要坚持以企业为技术创新的主体，把产学研结合的基点放在关系企业生存与发展的技术创新需求上。要创新体制机制，不断探索有效的制度和发展模式。把知识产权作为解决利益分配机制的中心环节，围绕知识产权创造。应用和保护等各个环节，明确各方的责权利，保障产学研合作各方的权利。进一步完善有利于产学研结合的政策环境，推动产学研结合工作的深入开展。大力推动实施国家技术创新工程，全面推进国家创新体系建设。     

知识产权贸易对创新驱动战略实施的影响机制

在经济全球化、知识经济化和规则国际化趋势日益深入的背景下，知识产权贸易蓬勃发展，体现了一国“智造”水平成为实施创新驱动战略成效的重要标志。该文分别从进口贸易、出口贸易两个角度，分析了知识产权贸易促进创新驱动战略实施的动力机制和约束机制，进而从推进知识产权创造与转化、加大知识产权贸易专业人才培养、加快知识产权服务业发展、完善知识产权法律制度四个方面，提出了促进知识产权贸易、推动创新驱动战略实施的政策建议。     

新时期技术创新与知识产权制度的相互作用机制探讨

随着技术创新步伐加快和创新领域的不断拓展，技术创新对知识产权制度的不断完善提出了更高的要求。而随着国际知识产权制度的不断完善，知识产权制度对技术创新活动也产生了更深远的影响。本文认为，技术创新拓展了知识产权的内涵、保护区域，并不断提升了知识产权制度的地位；知识产权制度也通过激励机制、配置机制、调节机制、规范机制和引导机制不断推动技术创新更好、更快发展。两者相互依赖，相互促进，共同发展，因此，要加快我国技术创新更快更好发展，必须强化知识产权制度建设。     

大学与企业技术合作案例分析

大学开展产学合作，有利于加快技术创新、促进社会生产力水平提高和经济发展。完善的技术转移体系是推动产学合作顺利进行的保证。本文阐述了清华大学电机系外绝缘实验室技术转移采用的主要方式和面临的问题。大学向企业转移技术中主要存在技术交易市场不完善、企业研发能力薄弱、知识产权归属争议、知识产权保护不力、专利申请动机扭曲等问题。应加强知识产权保护等方面的法律、制度建设，建立激励研究人员技术转移的体制和机制，完善大学技术转移体系。     

企业知识产权维权援助机制的构建

随着经济的飞速发展,知识产权在企业发展中发挥着越发重要的作用。随着我国经济发展趋势逐渐从劳动密集型经济向着技术密集型经济转型升级,创新作为一个企业的核心竞争力,更是进一步带动了经济技术的发展。而只有拥有完善的知识产权维权援助机制,才能更好的保证创新成果,并使之转化成可见的经济利益。     

成都高新区：实施知识产权战略 助力发展方式转变

作为西部创新资源最为丰富,企业创新最为活跃的国家级高新区之一,成都高新区近年来大力实施知识产权战略,形成了较为完善的知识产权制度体系,推动企业创新成果知识产权化、知识产权商品化产业化的进程,培育了一批具有自主知识产权的市场龙头企业,充分发挥了知识产权在发展方式转变和经济结构调整中的关键作用。     

积极建立国资监管长效机制

近年来,省国资委始终坚持把反腐倡廉法规制度建设贯穿于党风廉政建设的各个方面,积极推进制度创新,努力形成用制度管权、按制度办事、靠制度管人的有效机制,不断提高反腐倡廉制度化、科学化水平,充实和完善了惩治和预防腐败的制度体系.据统计,省国资委系统新建纪检监察相关制度654项,修订完善813项,有力促进了反腐倡廉建设,为省属企业改革发展稳定提供了政治保证.     

中原经济区文化产业知识产权保护与利用研究

随着社会经济与科学技术的不断发展和进步,知识产权愈发受到社会各界的普遍重视,尤其是在文化产业中受到格外关注。中原经济区在大力发展区域经济的同时,应当顺势而为,不断提升文化产业的竞争力,有效保护文化企业的自主知识产权,创新完善各项知识产权制度,培育知识产权文化。这就要求中原经济区各级政府及有关部门,要严格依据各地区文化产业的实际发展情况,有针对性地制定相应的知识产权保护与利用措施,推动社会各类文化企业的创新工作,提高企业员工的创新意识及知识产权意识。基于此,文章拟将对中原经济区文化产业知识产权的保护与利用展开分析与探讨。     

论中国知识产权制度对高新技术企业的激励机制研究

在当今国际竞争中,我国高新技术企业只有不断进行科技创新,拥有自主知识产权的核心技术,才能在国际竞争中立于优势地位。知识产权制度在高新技术企业科技创新中起着重要的激励作用,但是由于我国知识产权制度本身的不完善以及高新技术企业内部知识产权激励机制的不健全使得中国知识产权制度的激励功能没有能够充分发挥出来。因此,我国应该充分发挥知识产权制度的激励作用,建立一个协调统一的高新技术企业知识产权激励机制。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.