City centre regeneration in the context of the 2001 european capital of culture in Porto, Portugal

In 2001, the city of Porto hosted the European Capital of Culture event. 'Porto 2001' was a year-long programme of arts, cultural events and urban regeneration activities. The purpose of this article is to discuss the city centre regeneration operation conducted in conjunction with the European Capital of Culture initiative in Porto. My objective is to extract a set of lessons learned that can be useful to other cities pursuing the same designation and strategy. The key finding is that despite rich and well-participated cultural events, too much emphasis was put on attracting public investment to regenerate the public space, replacing infrastructures, and modernizing cultural facilities. This was done at the expense of institutional capacity building and boosting civic creativity.     

Promoting Image and Identity in 'Cultural Quarters': the Case of Dundee

Many cities in recent decades have encouraged the arts and cultural sectors as a means of achieving regeneration outcomes. Such strategies have been followed particularly by cities with perceived problems in relation to image and identity, linked to the need to promote inward investment and tourism. One policy implication has been the designation of 'cultural quarters', as areas where a 'critical mass' of culture-related activity is seen as providing the basis for further related uses. Dundee's Cultural Quarter follows this model, but evidence so far raises questions as to the extent to which relevant policy is embedded within local identity, history and culture. This implies that such quarters may promote homogeneity rather than distinctiveness, and may therefore prove to be counter-productive.     

人口老龄化背景下我国农村区域养老问题的思考

文章分析了能直接影响到养老问题的城乡差距,提出了要做好农村养老工作就必须“认识城乡差距,结合农村当地的实际情况,了解当地老年人身体健康状况以便落实养老工作”并提出分区域构建我国农村养老机构的建议。     

剖析中国传统图形的现代商业设计价值

在二十一世纪的今天,中国传统图形似乎显得更加耀眼,它穿梭在商业艺术设计中,成为现代设计者的宠儿。如何将传统图形运用到现代的商业设计中,让它体现时代的价值,就需要我们从形、意、势上进行剖析和沿用。     

Short reviews

Wynne, D. (ed.) 1992: The Culture Industry: The arts in urban regeneration. Aldershot: Avebury, £30.00 cloth.     

Watching the degenerate: street camera surveillance and urban regeneration

Government and media rhetoric obscures the entrepreneurial roots of closed circuit television (CCTV) and its position in the regeneration of politically and economically 'viable' city centres. The paper charts this concern with 'viability' and traces the reassertion of class based discourses on crime, fear and insecurity as a component in the regeneration of UK cities and reflected and reinforced by camera networks. The efficacy of CCTV is questionable and its significance may be understood less for its 'crime prevention' potential and more for its success in reinforcing a long established scrutiny and criminalisation of the activities of the least powerful inhabitants of urban areas at the expense of scrutinising other harmful activities in the city.     

文化商业化促进城市化——从文学史的管理视角考察

商业促进了城市、城市化.文学是中国文化中最具代表性的一部分,是艺术的核心门类,从文学史的管理视角考察,文学商业化促进了城市化.文学商业化的意义在于启发人们去丰富城市精神产品、塑造现代城市文化、推进文化产业.     

Production activity within the London economy

As Britain's largest city with the most extensive range of service functions, London has led most other cities within the country in its loss of production activity. Within the overall net loss, there is however some new industrial development. This development is investigated to throw light on areas of possible industrial regeneration relevant to large urban areas throughout the UK. The paper first estimates recent change in production employment in London and then investigates a sample of industrial developments in the city identified through the Land Use Change Statistics. Though a significant 244 hectares was developed for industrial use, few new production jobs are likely to have been generated. The results point to growth dominated by the small firm sector, but with an even spatial spread over all parts of the city. The implication for policy is a reinforcement of its dependence on the small firm sector to offset major structural changes in economic activity.     

An empirical examination of the role of vertical product differentiation in north-south trade

Conclusions Our results indicate that the general line of reasoning embodied in the recently developed models of North-South IIT would seem to be valid. The various measures of income and size similarity do seem to affect North-South IIT in the theoretically predicted way. Further, this type of trade is positively impacted by the direction of quality differences and, to a lesser degree, the extent of quality differences. Finally, it would appear that modeling this type of trade on a bilateral basis using data detailed by both industry and country has not only theoretial appeal, but is empirically useful. The results, however, do not address the mechanism which generates these quality differences between the exports of the North and South. The theoretical models use different assumptions concerning the process which generates the quality differences. Such differences may be related to capital abundance as in Falvey [1981]; a Ricardian form of comparative advantage as in Flam and Helpman [1987]; or a complex combination of the two.¹⁵ Some preliminary evidence on the role of quality differences has been given in this paper. The difficult task of explaining what generates these differences is an important issue left unaddressed at this point.     

证券市场对齐齐哈尔社会与经济发展的影响概述

证券市场给齐齐哈尔人民带来了投资的理念,造就了一批又一批不断成熟的投资者;证券投资者和经营者为齐齐哈尔市的金融、财政做出了突出贡献;现代企业制度扎根鹤城,改革振兴的道路更加宽广.     

Reply

Conclusion There are strong theoretical arguments in favor of the private sector approach. If there also would have been theoretical arguments in favor of the banking approach, then Boeschoten would have been right in claiming that the degree to whether the private sector or the banking approach is valid has to be verified empirically. However, the theoretical arguments put forward by Boeschoten in support of the banking approach are either incorrect or empirically not very relevant. Thus, the degree to which either approach is valid does not seem to be a purely empirical question.The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Monetary Fund. The author thanks David Coe and Frank Lakwijk for their valuable comments on an earlier version.     

Big ideas for a small town: the huddersfield creative town initiative

Whilst much of the attention of those concerned with culture and regeneration has rightly been focused upon the core cities and regional capitals, it would be a mistake to assume that smaller towns and cities do not also have a role to play. Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, is one of a number of towns clustered around the Pennines that grew, and for a hundred years prospered, from the textile trade but which, by the 1980s, were in serious economic decline. This article examines how culture has contributed to the regeneration of the town and the wider local authority district.¹ It reviews the developing role of the creative industries within the district and, in particular, the role of the local Council as a key catalyst for many of the institutional and policy shifts that have contributed to this development. The paper is very much intended as reflection on a particular case study. It is certainly not offered as a blueprint but as an opportunity to contribute to the developing knowledge base concerned with the role of the cultural and creative industries in urban development.     

“品牌战略”与当代中国武术发展路径选择

从品牌战略的视角对中国武术发展进行全面剖析。中国武术存在的突出问题如下：竞技武术难度过高,不易普及推广;传统武术缺乏统一教材,推广时杂乱无序;段位制武术不易科学量化。中国武术进一步发展,必须塑造武术品牌、建立武术标准化、以连锁式经营来推广。     

Putting the social into urban regeneration policy

Urban regeneration is a policy area which has been dominated by property development and economic forces, and is therefore relatively ignored as an element of social policy. Social regeneration, meaning the improved and appropriate delivery of welfare services in poor neighbourhoods and the empowerment of local communities in regeneration processes, has never been a prominent feature. Social regeneration came briefly onto the policy agenda in the late 1960s and early 1970s but largely withered away in the welfare crisis and the Thatcherite decade. In recent years a revived movement for social regeneration has emerged, which is having some impact on policy. This article reviews the emergence of this movement and the changing policy contexts, arguing that practical and conceptual tools may now have been developed to support successful social regeneration.     

青岛人的夜消费

夜色降临,这座北方海滨小城开始霓虹闪烁,初夏的晚风夹杂着白天的热度,像是在吹动着少女的发丝一般,吹动着整座城市的夜生活。 夜晚的青岛,凉风习习,温度适宜得让你忘了夏日已经开始。华灯初上,街上流淌着一种散漫悠闲的情调,柔柔的歌声在夜的空气里不紧不慢的飘着。你会看见吃过晚饭的一家人款款地散步,更有一对对衣着时尚的情侣,手牵着手,悠闲地逛着街。     

Do high profits imply low wages?

Summary It is argued in this paper that, contrary to what may be commonly believed, high wages are not inconsistent with monopsony power (neoclassical exploitation). In fact, it is argued, when a monopsonistic firm has economically profitable product-market monopoly power, which would seem to be the typical real world case, the firm's wages are expected to be high. Clearly, the situation described by the combination of profitable monopoly-monopsony conditions explains a high wage insofar as these conditions represent a profit opportunity which provides an incentive to pay a high wage and without which the high wages would not be offered or paid. Empirical evidence based on an exhaustive sample is offered which, although not over-whelmingly convincing, tends to support the theoretical arguments of this paper.     

浅谈上好高职美术课的几个因素

随着社会的不断发展进步,高职美术教育早已不是一支画笔、几张画纸就能完成的课程。要想上好高职美术课需要融入多方面因素,笔者结合多年教学经验总结出关于美术教学的经验,希望能为美术教育改革提供参考。     

西宁市房地产市场存在的问题及思考

近年来,西宁市房地产市场发展总体是理性的、健康的,一定程度上带动了社会经济的发展。但运行中也存在住房供应结构局部不合理等问题,若不加以重视,必然会影响到西宁市经济的进一步发展和社会的全面进步。本文试图通过对住房供应结构失衡问题及产生的负面影响的分析,探索满足中低收入家庭住房消费需求、实现住房小康的思路与对策。     

New Labour's Evolving Regeneration Policy: The Transition from the Single Regeneration Budget to the Single Pot in Oxford

Regeneration policy under New Labour has been subject to a constant restlessness, evolving over time into a complex and diverse landscape. This paper explores how these policy changes have played themselves out in one city, Oxford, focusing on the transition from the Single Regeneration Budget initiative to the more regionally focused 'single-pot'. In doing this it charts the continuing complexities in policy focusing on the tensions between the competitiveness and social inclusion agendas and around changed governance arrangements. It identifies the restructuring of activity around social inclusion towards more economic outcomes and the difficulties of retaining community voices within regeneration activity at the sub-regional level as two particular outcomes of these changes which require further responses from all sectors involved. The paper concludes that it is unhelpful to typify such changes as a shift from one policy era to another and instead argues for a focus on the complexities, continuities and contradictions that such change reveals.     

当代壁画在建筑空间中的作用

当代壁画与建筑空间的关系密不可分,作为公共环境中的视觉艺术,当代壁画在城市生活中发挥的作用是其他任何门类的艺术形式所不能取代的。相较于传统壁画,当代壁画的形式、内容、材质、色彩等方面不尽相同,具有更丰富的表现力与多元化的功能,参与建筑空间环境的再创造。当代壁画家要努力扩展壁画艺术的感染力,将壁画与人们的沟通作为目标,促进社会进步并适应环境的审美需求。