旅游规划与管理中利益相关者研究进展

国外旅游研究在20世纪80年代中后期引入“利益相关者”概念，并在20世纪90年代中期开始进行相关研究；近年来，我国学者也开始在旅游规划与管理中引入利益相关者分析方法和理论。本文对国内外旅游研究中有关利益相关者分析方法和利益相关者管理的研究成果进行综述，并对今后国内关于利益相关者研究的方向作了思考。     

西方旅游社会学研究进展

20世纪30年代以来，旅游社会学研究逐渐成为了一个旅游学与社会学交叉且备受关注和争议的领域，研究成果颇丰。文章综合考察了欧美英语国家旅游社会学文献，对西方旅游社会学研究进行大胆梳理，把西方旅游社会学研究大致划分为4个阶段，即(1)早期的起源阶段(“二战”以前)；(2)过渡时期(“二战”后至20世纪60年代)；(3)形成和发展时期(20世纪70～80年代)；(4)系统经验研究时期(20世纪90年代至今)。认为，尽管学科地位仍受质疑，但随着旅游社会学研究范围的扩大、研究对象的明晰、研究内容的丰富、研究方法的成熟，旅游社会学研究进入了系统经验研究阶段，旅游社会学作为独立的研究领域毋庸置疑，旅游社会学作为广为接受的独立学科分支也指日可待。     

旅游需求建模与统计分析

通过建立统计或数学模型对旅游现象尤其是旅游需求进行科学分析或预测是旅游学研究发展历史最悠久的分支之一.在各类建模分析中,旅游需求建模是起步最早、发展最成熟的一个研究领域.最早的文献可以追溯到20世纪60年代.因此,本文集中探讨旅游需求建模研究的发展及对统计数据的要求.     

基于PSR模型的乡村旅游转型升级实现路径

我国乡村旅游发端于20世纪80年代,如今已成为社会主义新农村建设和乡村振兴战略的重要抓手。然而在经历了一轮快速增长后,一系列发展问题凸显出来,急需转型升级。本文运用PSR模型对乡村旅游转型升级的作用机理进行了分析,构建起理论研究框架,而后遵循这一研究思路,探讨了我国乡村旅游转型升级的压力、发展现状,并从产业、产品、市场、管理与服务五个方面提出相应措施,以期为我国乡村旅游转型升级提供参考。     

旅游社区恢复力研究:源起、现状与展望

随着自然灾害的频发以及社会经济的急速转型,恢复力逐渐成为推动社会经济系统可持续发展的新理念和新范式.社区恢复力开始成为理解社区应对环境和社会变化的重要理论框架.旅游业是旅游目的地社区的重要经济来源,是提升社区生计的重要方式,深入理解旅游社区恢复力已成为旅游研究的重要方向.作为旅游研究的前沿领域,旅游社区恢复力研究发展迅速,取得了一些富有成效的研究成果.文章对涉及旅游社区恢复力研究的国内外研究文献,从研究缘起、理论框架、影响因素、测度方法、恢复力思维下的旅游影响研究以及管理体制角度进行了综述.在此基础上,文章提出该领域未来研究需要关注的重要方向,期望能够为国内旅游社区恢复力研究提供有益的参考.     

对成都发展乡村旅游的思考

一、成都乡村旅游发展现状 兴起于20世纪80年代末的成都农家乐,经过近20年的发展壮大,已经成为成都的旅游品牌和亮点.农家乐作为成都市乡村旅游发展的雏形,从产生到发展、从一家一户经营到规模整体开发,经历了自然发展、竞争发展和规范发展3个阶段.     

国内关联翻译研究成果与发展趋势

早在20世纪80年代,关联翻译就受到了社会各界的关注,同时也形成了相对较为完善的理论研究框架。关联翻译研究以关联理论框架为立足点和核心,在具体的框架范围之内讨论与翻译相关的内容以及环节,因此关联翻译研究是解释翻译现象、讨论翻译问题的总称。本文立足于关联翻译研究的案例以及基础,对该研究方法的成果以及发展趋势进行分析。     

充分合理开发:奥运旅游的重要议题

奥运已经成为了众多学科研究的热点问题,涉及面也十分宽广。一般认为,奥林匹克运动会,与大规模的公众消费、相关设施和基础设施的建设、城市的再发展和再繁荣等问题相联系,这些都会对当地社会造成相当大的影响。但是,将奥运作为一个事件来考察,研究其经济影响,一直都是一个十分重要的方面。20世纪80年代,美国经济研究会就对洛杉矶奥运会的经济影响进行了系统研究。20世纪90年代,开始采用“投入—产出系统模型”研究亚特兰大奥运会的经济影响。21世纪,奥运旅游的研究成为一个重要的内容,关于2000年悉尼奥运会的旅游效应研究,成果就十分系统了…     

旅游中的道德与利益:二元对立还是一元统一?

正1.问题的提出:乱象20世纪90年代以来,旅游中的伦理问题逐渐引起人们的关注,并成为旅游研究的热点,其中既包括对普适性的框架、原则、规范的探讨,也包括对各种群体、各种特殊形式的具体旅游伦理问题的研究,成果丰硕。在我国旅游发展实践中,旅游伦理问题表现出了多种形式,如旅游者方面消费攀高、环境破坏与文化干涉;旅游企业方面小费和回扣问题屡禁不止,旅游地宣传频频出现"一座叫春的城     

世界著名旅游度假区的发展规律

考察世界著名的旅游度假区,发现它们大都具有一些共同的发展规律. 规律之一:选址于风景优美地域,在本国政府大力支持、世界银行等国际性金融机构积极投资、贷款情况下发展起来的.例如,20世纪60年代末期,印尼政府认识到巴厘岛是进行旅游初步开发的最佳地点,第一次制定了印尼旅游发展的总政策.1973年巴厘旅游开发公司(政府所有制)成立.联合国开发计划署、世界银行、印尼政府公司、地中海俱乐部等积极投资.至80年代中期,得到快速发展.     

Crime and punishment and sports development

This paper contributes to understandings of the use of sport as a medium in crime reduction programmes directed at young people. It does this through a case study of Easttown Summit1 The names of the location, programme and participants have all been changed to maintain client confidentiality , to show how and why this programme has had an impact on participants. The case study examines the relevance of a theoretical framework for understanding the mechanism of crime reduction though value directed personal development. However, this framework was developed from studies of programmes working with relatively high‐risk participants. Brantingham and Faust (1976) categorise this type of programme as ‘tertiary’. In contrast the Summit programme was secondary, working with lower risk participants. While clients of the Summit gained some benefits consistent with those likely to reduce offending, the research found that these benefits were largely an incidental by‐product of the achievement of broader sports development objectives. This may well be the case for similar secondary programmes, which have largely been developed in leisure departments, and has profound implications for programme evaluation.     

Foreign travel and tourism prices and demand

Sunday, Alexander A., “Foreign Travel and Tourism Prices and Demand,” Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. V, No. 2, April/June 1978, pp. 268–273. Using regression analysis and panel data this study estimates the parameter effect of prices on American demand for foreign travel and tourism. Findings suggest that higher air fares generate fewer tourists but greater expenditure per tourist visit.     

Hospitality and tourism student and alumni perspectives: promotion expectations,academic and experience adjustments,and career growth

Preparing qualified graduates for the tourism and hospitality industry who will stay and achieve promotional success is paramount. The objectives of this research project were to determine promotional advancement expectations and strategies to improve promotional opportunities. Two separate questionnaires, with both open and close-ended questions, were sent to upper classmen/women in hospitality and tourism programs and alumni of the same programs. In total, 717 (409 students and 308 alumni) completed the questionnaires. Chi-square tests were run to determine differences between student and alumni responses. To assist in analysis of open-ended responses, Atlas.ti was used. There was a statistically significant difference between students and alumni responses in regards to promotional expectations; students expected it to take a significantly longer time to receive a promotion to supervisor or manager than alumni. Overall, students and alumni indicated strategies such as more real-world-focused courses with hands-on experiences.     

Tourism and decolonisation: Locating research and self

This paper critically explores decolonial theory and its relevance for tourism studies. We suggest that while postcolonial and related critical theoretical perspectives furthered understandings of the consequences of colonisation, such critical theorising has not provided an epistemological perspective of tourism which legitimises the cosmologies of, and actively empowers, traditionally marginalised groupings. We review published tourism research which adopts critical and postcolonial perspectives, and argue that while these have been valuable in terms of exposing the existence and effects of dominant discourses and practices in tourism, their emancipatory objectives are limited because tourism knowledge is still predominantly colonial. Epistemological decolonisation is thus presented as a more radical project which can provide an ‘other’ way of thinking, being and knowing about tourism.     

Total Quality Management and Tourism and Hospitality Education

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the application of quality management concepts in relation to the provision of tourism and hospitality education, with a specific focus on Thailand. The key quality concepts, namely quality control, quality assurance, quality audit and “Total Quality Management” (TQM) are identified, and the applications of these concepts in the provision of tourism and hospitality education are discussed. The paper explores three main themes. The first is to examine how quality issues have been applied to tourism and hospitality education. Second, the paper outlines the concepts of quality management, which represent the key element of a TQM strategy to implement conformance to standards and quality improvement. The third theme discusses the specific case of Thailand, drawing on research in its early stages which examines quality management in tourism and hospitality education in Thailand. An outline of the nature of tourism and hospitality education in Thailand is provided, followed by a synopsis of the significant challenges facing Thai tourism and hospitality education. A procedure for examining quality in tourism and hospitality education in Thailand is proposed.     

Supplier selection and partnerships: Effects upon restaurant operational and strategic benefits and performance

This study focused on identifying strategic criteria involved in selecting suppliers of restaurant products/services specific to casual dining, full service independent restaurants to obtain operational and strategic benefits for those managers operating in this highly competitive marketplace. A total of 765 responses were obtained from managers at independently owned restaurants throughout the U.S. Results revealed that ‘product’ and ‘financial/technical’ criteria had significant and positive effects upon operational benefits, while ‘product’ and ‘service’ had positive effects upon strategic benefits. When the sample was segmented into low and high supplier partnership groups, the positive effects of ‘financial/technical’ and ‘cost/price’ were significantly greater for the ‘high’ partnership group pertaining to operational benefits. ‘Product’ and ‘service’ and their effects upon strategic benefits were greatest for the high partnership group. Based on our findings, implications, limitations, and recommendations for future studies have been provided.     

河湖岸线分类体系及保护与利用对策研究

本文总结了分别考虑自然和社会功能的河湖岸线分类方法,分析了全国重点河湖岸线的开发利用现状及未来需求.基于河湖岸线的自然特征和社会功能双重属性,从可行性、可操作性和便于管理的角度提出适合于我国基本国情的河湖岸线分类标准,开出河湖岸线保护与利用的有效"药方".研究可为生态优先、绿色发展理念下的河湖岸线保护和高效利用及水域岸...     

Mega-events and their legacy: Image and tourism in Genoa,Turin and Milan

Hosting, or organising, a mega-event is a form of destination branding; it is a way to generate the leveraging process of the event itself and promote the image of a location. Besides, these events allow a destination to attract the attention of the public and the media, enhancing its awareness nationally and internationally. Mega-events promote greater flows of tourists and visitors, especially in the short term. Nevertheless they produce long-lasting effects, such as the attraction and stimulation of investments, urban regeneration, advanced facilities and equipment, in addition to the improvement of accommodation, services and infrastructures. Thanks to those investments and to the growth in tourist arrivals, the mega-events could have a positive impact on the local economy, also over years, but some of their most important outcomes deal with the so-called intangible legacy, or rather social, cultural and political effects, more difficult to identify and measure. They can modify local identity and image, supporting the repositioning of the hosting place at an international level. The above considerations are discussed in this study; most attention is paid to three Italian cities, involved in top events: Genoa, appointed as European Capital of Culture in 2004; Turin, that hosted the XX Olympic Winter Games in 2006; Milan, that is now organising the Universal Expo 2015.