THE INTRODUCTION OF COMPETITION POLICY IN AUSTRALIA: THE ROLE OF RON BANNERMAN

The 1965 legislation to curb restrictive trade practices has been widely regarded as weak. By contrast, the Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth) has been considered as providing the platform for a more comprehensive competition policy. This paper argues that the 1965–67 and 1971 Acts were more effective than has been commonly recognised in raising awareness about the extent of restrictive trade practices, discrediting price agreements and laying the foundations for the 1974 Act. The role of Ron Bannerman, the sole Commissioner of Trade Practices, was critical to their success. This paper uses parliamentary debates, Bannerman's published works and an interview with him undertaken in early 2005.     

Reflections and Confessions of an Erstwhile Economist

Bob McTeer reflects on some of the people and events that have influenced his thinking and his career as a central banker. He also discusses some of the issues he has encountered along the way. including free trade, productivity growth, inflation, monetarism, unemployment, and budget deficits.     

IS-LM: The Hicksian journey

Summary In the economics profession John Hicks is mainly known for his work during the 1930s. This paper is aimed at tracing the further development of Hicks' thinking, focussing on his IS-LM apparatus. During the 1950s Hicks used IS-LM to elucidate several issues, as in his Trade Cycle book and his review of Don Patinkin's Money, Interest and Prices. In the ensuing exchange Patinkin showed several weaknesses of IS-LM and pointed to new directions for research: the development of more elaborate models of the transmission mechanism and disequilibrium theory. But Hicks did not really participate in these developments, since, owing to methodological considerations, his thinking diverged more and more from mainstream economics.I would like to thank Jürgen Backhaus, Peter de Gijsel, Jan Snippe, Vic Van Rompuy, Arjen van Witteloostuijn and an anonymous referee for their comments on a former draft. Naturally, only the author is responsible for the opinions here expressed, as well as for any remaining shortcomings.     

浙江对外贸易风险分析

对外贸易风险,是在开放条件下,一国或地区在经济发展中面临的主要风险之一。文章从经济安全的战略角度考察和论述了开放条件下浙江的对外贸易风险,主要包括：贸易摩擦风险、产业结构安全风险、对外依存风险和生态环境风险,并指出解决问题的关键在于进一步实现外贸增长方式的有效转变。     

Recollections of My Careerlections of My Career

Suhadi Mangkusuwondo, Professor Emeritus of the Faculty of Economics at the University of Indonesia (FEUI), was born in Solo, Central Java, in December 1927. After participating in the war of independence, he resumed his secondary education in Malang, completing it in 1949. He then studied economics at the University of Indonesia (UI) and later became a teaching assistant there. Suhadi spent two years doing postgraduate study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and later obtained a PhD in economics at the University of California at Berkeley. Returning to Indonesia and his teaching post at FEUI, he became editor of the journal Economics and Finance in Indonesia (EKI). He was Head of the R&D Agency in the Department of Trade from 1973 to 1975 and again in 1983-88, and Director General of Foreign Trade from 1975 to 1983. Professor Suhadi served as the Representative of the Government of Indonesia in the Uruguay Round when it was launched in 1986, and since 1992 has been a member of the Eminent Persons Group of the APEC (Asia–Pacific Economic Cooperation) forum. His other activities include membership of Indonesia's National Research Council (DRN), and of organisations such as the Regional Advisory Board of the ASEAN Economic Bulletin, the journal of the ASEAN Economic Research Unit of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in Singapore. He is now also Vice Chairman of the Jakarta-based Trade and Development Institute. On 8 July 1994, Professor Suhadi talked with H.W. Arndt, Hal Hill and Thee Kian Wie about his views on Indonesia's economic development under the New Order, and particularly about trade policy. On 19 September 1995, in a second interview with H.W. Arndt, Mari Pangestu and Thee Kian Wie, he elaborated further on his work at the Ministry of Trade and his participation in the Uruguay Round and the APEC Eminent Persons Group (EPG).     

“Fighting the Tide: Alternative Trade Organizations in the Era of Global Free Trade”—A Comment

LeClair [LeClair, M. S. (2002). Fighting the tide: alternative trade organizations in the era of global free trade. World Development, 30(6), 949–958] concludes that in theory Fair Trade is a second-best alternative to aid, may impose losses on non-Fair Trade producers and prolongs dependence on unsustainable modes of production. This paper shows how these conclusions depend upon a particular definition of subsidy and upon the assumptions of full employment and that Fair Trade goods face price-inelastic demand. An adverse impact on non-Fair Trade producers is possible but not intrinsic, and the claim of economic inefficiency cannot be sustained within a more general analysis.     

加入WTO十年国际对华贸易摩擦回顾与展望

中国加入WTO十年来涉华贸易摩擦经历了比较明显的3个阶段。如今的涉华贸易摩擦至少呈现出形式日趋多样化和复杂化、摩擦对象从微观经济层面转向宏观经济层面、摩擦的强度和影响程度明显上升以及摩擦日趋政治化四大特点。可以预见的是,涉华贸易摩擦在较长一段时期内将持续高发,反补贴将成为贸易救济措施的主要武器,宏观经济层面的贸易摩擦将继续呈上升趋势,贸易摩擦的连锁反应将更加突出。     

建立中国-东盟自由贸易区出入境检验检疫合作机制的基本策略

中国-东盟自由贸易区的建立与发展,在促进经济繁荣的同时,其物流、客流的快速流动也加大了人类传染病、动物疫病、植物有害生物跨境传入传出的风险,并产生了贸易摩擦的隐患。必须建立中国-东盟自由贸易区出入境检验检疫合作的战略性机制,并有序推进合作,以保证自由贸易区人民生命健康、动植物安全、贸易公平公正以及通关便利化,维护自由贸易区的健康发展。     

福田保税区海关监管模式改革评析

随着全球国际化的深入以及我国加入世贸组织后承诺的一步步实现,我国最早开放的15个保税区,其原有的优势正逐渐削弱。兴起的保税物流园区、保税物流中心以及保税港等享受着比保税区更加优惠的政策。到底哪一条路才是未来最适合保税区发展的道路,各保税区都在积极进行探索。     

对华反补贴现状与我国应对措施

反补贴是WTO贸易救济措施之一。我国面临的反补贴风险加大。本文介绍补贴、反补贴及WTO相关规则;阐述对华反补贴的现状,解释被反补贴调查的原因,分析应对反补贴中存在的一些问题,提出应对建议。     

中国企业境外产业园区开发的实践及体会

近几年以来,越来越多的中国企业在全球开发建设产业园、经贸区,为中资企业境外投资拱建良好的平台,以满足日益增长的中国企业对外投资需求。浙江前江投资管理有限责任公司于2007年开始在越南投资兴建了龙江工业园。经过几年发展,龙江工业园于2011年成功被中国商务部核准成为中国境外经贸合作区,为中资企业投资越南提供了一个良好的平台,同时有效地提升了园区所在地的社会经济发展,为加强中国-越南两国的经贸关系做出了贡献。本文以龙江工园的开发实践为基础,提出了在境外进行工业园区开发建设的经验及体会。     

来自阿联酋的盛情之邀

9月12日,由山东省人民政府外事办公室、山东省中小企业局、杰贝阿里自贸区在济南联合举办的“山东-阿联酋经贸交流会”上,阿联酋经济部副部长阿尔萨利赫、迪拜杰贝阿里自由贸易区副首席执行官阿尔杰纳西等热情发言,力邀山东企业入驻投资。中国与阿联酋的交往历史悠久,海、陆丝绸之路将两国文明紧密相连。据了解,中国是迪拜的第二大贸易伙伴。     

Special gains from trade with socialist countries: The case of Tanzania

Trade does not necessarily benefit all trading partners and heavy dependence on trade is a precarious matter. Trade with socialist countries could confer special advantages on Third World trading partners thus making a net benefit more likely. However this requires conditions in which trade ceases to be ‘mere exchange of commodities’ and becomes an element of planned economic integration. Given a non-planned Third World country like Tanzania and given recent approaches to international trade by most socialist countries, it is not surprising that Tanzania is shown to have derived no particular benefits from its trade with the socialist countries. The trade was merely an exchange of commodities, with the possible exception of the trade with China.     

人民币汇率对进出口贸易的影响研究——基于汇改前后的比较分析

本文运用Johansen协整方法对不同汇率制度环境下人民币汇率对我国进出口贸易的影响效应进行了比较分析,发现汇改前,无论是进口额还是出口额,均与人民币汇率不存在长期均衡关系,而汇改后的出口额却与人民币汇率存在显著的长期协整关系,且人民币汇率升值对出口的抑制效应非常显著。这意味着在研究人民币汇率对进出口贸易的影响效应时尤其不能忽略不同汇率制度环境的影响,所反映的政策含义表明政府当局在制定汇率制度时要保持审慎的态度,以避免人民币升值过快引起对我国出口的抑制效应。     

正视技术性贸易壁垒对我国中小企业出口的不利影响

在当前的国际贸易领域，技术性贸易壁垒作为一种既具有合理性又具有歧视性和隐蔽性的强大的非关税壁垒，客观上已成为我国出口贸易的巨大障碍。积极探究我国遭受技术性贸易壁垒的原因，中小企业如何利用合理的措施冲破国外的技术性贸易壁垒以保护我国出口市场是当前迫切需要解决的问题。     

山东与韩国贸易现状的实证分析

本文通过计算山东与韩国双边贸易的贸易竞争力指数、贸易互补性指数和贸易结合度指数,得出如下结论:双方各自具有优势互补的专业化优势,进出口结构比较吻合,贸易关系密切,经贸合作拓展潜力巨大。山东应该采取有效措施扩大和深化对韩贸易。     

中国加工贸易的工资分配效应研究

国际外包的蓬勃发展:一方面,改变了国际贸易格局;另一方面,催生新的贸易方式—中间产品贸易,这种新型的贸易方式会影响一国不同类型劳动者的工资收入。本文以中国加工贸易作为中间产品贸易的衡量,选取1996～2008年数据作为样本进行时间序列回归,结果表明,加工贸易规模与制造业技能工人的相对工资成反方向变动。最后本文结合实证分析结果认为:我国应该积极参与中间产品贸易,扩大加工贸易规模,以增强其对缓解就业、缩小工资差距的作用。     

绿色贸易壁垒、国际贸易和环境问题的关系研究

从国际贸易和环境问题的关系入手,理论分析、建立模型和实证分析相结合,将绿色贸易壁垒、国际贸易和环境保护这三个因素放入模型中,对开放经济和封闭经济下两国模式进行计算分析,并讨论了绿色贸易壁垒条件下对贸易、环境的影响;最后,结合当今全球经济发展和环境问题发展趋势及特点,得出绿色贸易壁垒、国际贸易和环境问题的关系结论。     

科学发展观视野的重庆实践

重庆实践是中国模式的载体与表述。重庆通过以民生发展为动力和目标,多层次推动以民为本和认识、满足公众价值,破解了西方学者提出的中国双重人格难题。重庆实践深化了对中国模式和北京共识的认识,重新定义了现代性,展现了社会主义制度的国家能力优势。重庆提出的民生幸福指数丰富了科学发展观的内涵。通过推销中国模式、重庆实践,向世界清晰地传达了中国的理念和奋斗目标。科学发展观重庆实践产生的新经验,将为中国乃至世界经济社会的发展作出新的贡献。     

我国保税(港)区与日韩保税区发展的比较分析

本文通过对日本和韩国保税区制度进行介绍,并将我国保税(港)区与日本和韩国进行对比,发现我国保税(港)区发展中存在的问题,最后提出了加快我国保税(港)区发展的政策建议。