Cultural heterogeneity,social policy,and economic growth in China

By using World Values Survey (WVS) data and other datasets, this paper measures the heterogeneity of Chinese residents' values and explores the relationships among cultural diversity, economic growth, and social policy in China. The study finds that, from 1990 to 2013, there was an overall rise in the value heterogeneity of Chinese residents, and cultural heterogeneity is mainly driven by within-group rather than between-group heterogeneity. Groups of residents with higher levels of income and education seem to have a lower degree of value heterogeneity. Panel-data regressions show that cultural heterogeneity is negatively correlated with provincial economic growth, and positively correlated with social conflict. Although social policies cannot directly affect cultural diversity itself, they may impact the way that cultural heterogeneity influences economic and social outcomes. In provinces with relatively low fiscal expenditures on education, cultural diversity has a stronger negative effect on GDP growth and a larger positive effect on social conflict. A social policy that boosts social security expenditures could also weaken the positive effect of cultural diversity on social conflict.     

从市场营销的演变看信息技术发展的社会条件

说到当今时代，一个最明显的特征就是其名称的“不一致”性。几十年前发轫，近几年来越益频繁，各种大众传播媒体和专业书刊“仁者见仁，智者见智”地为我们的时代创造出众多名称，其中……     

论自由信息和经济信息

文章简要介绍了信息的内涵及其分类方法;分别对自由信息和经济信息进行了定义和论述;文章认为自由信息和经济信息既相互区别,又相互联系;自由信息和经济信息在一定条件下可以相互转化;文章提出,自由信息是相对的,经济信息是绝对的;只有用辩证的观点看待它们,才能有效发挥信息的作用。     

The transformation of Australian economic and social history

This article reviews the first four books published in a new Australian series entitled ‘Themes in Australian Economic and Social History’. These volumes include: A. Dingle, Aboriginal economy: patterns of experience; R.V. Jackson, The population history of Australia; W. Bate, Victorian gold rushes; A.L. Lougheed, Australia and the world economy. The series is edited by C.B. Schedvin in association with the Economic History Society of Australia and New Zealand and is published by McPhee Gribble Publishers, Melbourne. Each attractively presented book is approximately seventy pages long and is priced at $9.99. Further volumes in this series have been commissioned.     

论信息产业与经济增长

在知识经济时代 ,高新技术产业对经济增长的推动作用日渐增大。高新技术产业出现以下发展趋势 ,即高技术迅速产业化、高技术决定国家的未来命运、高技术推动经济发展、信息技术突飞猛进。高新技术的核心是信息技术 ,信息产业不仅推动知识经济的到来 ,也推动知识经济的增长 ,而且还以意想不到的方式改变着人类的生活     

The contribution of social accounting matrices to economic enquiry in South Africa: A review∗

In 1986 the first social accounting matrix (SAM) for South Africa was published. Subsequent publications are reviewed in which this SAM was used in the exploration of economic structure and policies, particularly as these relate to income and expenditure patterns and distribution. The rapidly expanding international literature on the subject of SAMs is considered. Potential further applications and the requirements for drawing up a revised and updated SAM for South Africa are investigated.     

Papua New Guinea: longer term developments and recent economic problems

Papua New Guinea (PNG) has much to learn from the Indonesian economic experience of coping with one booming sector while creating an environment in which the economy could generate jobs. PNG's macroeconomic policy adjustments to the boom-bust cycles which characterise its economy work extremely well by comparison to most other developing countries experiencing the same difficulties. At the microeconomic level, policy improvement has been harder, with the rhetoric far out-distancing the actual advances. The challenge is to improve the productivity of the agricultural sector, to raise the education levels, and to attract investment to provide employment. At present the investment environment is bleak because of the deteriorating law and order situation.     

充分发挥科技对经济社会发展的支撑引领作用

2010年全国科技工作会议,以党的十七大、十七届三中、四中全会和中央经济工作会议精神为指导．回顾总结2009年科技工作,研究部署2010年科技工作。     

The choice of technology,economic efficiency and employment in developing countries

This paper comprises a bald presentation of some results of an enquiry into the choice of technology in the sugar and footwear indutries in Ethiopia and Ghana, and a bold examination of some implications of these results. The baldness can be justified by the need for brevity and the fact that more complete results, more fully described, will shortly be available; the boldness by the desire to focus attention on a number of issues which can stand airing in provocative form.The paper is organized in three parts. The first provides a brief theoretical introduction (to help fix ideas); the second describes the research and presents the results; and the third considers some equations raised by the findings.     

The assessment: economic policy and social democracy

The economic objectives of recent governments of the Left werefull employment, reducing inequality, and enhancing economicperformance and democratic control by measures of planning andsocialization. The economic inheritance was difficult - stagnantinvestment, high unemployment in a number of cases, and inflationhigher than that of competitors. The generalized productivityslow-down, slow growth, and the drive to reduce inflation representedan unfavourable context. The supply-side interventions atrophied,were abandoned or reversed. Employment performance was pooroverall and sometime s disastrous. Some extensions of the welfarestate were achieved and major increases in inequality were avoided,but this record was hardly exceptional. Globalization is oftenblamed for such disappointments. Here, the emphasis is on theinherent difficulties of the social democratic project - containingdistributional conflict other than by unemployment, sustainingsupport for redistribution when living standards are stagnating,and constraining business while relying on it to maintain highinvestment.