有关人的发展经济学的几点思考

文章针对这几年的讨论,就人的发展经济学的学科定位、研究对象和研究范围阐述了自己的观点.首先,人的发展经济学要以马克思人的自由全面发展的理论为指导,以国际视野和胸怀吸收人类的先进文化和思想;其次,人的发展经济学是作为经济学的一个分支,它有别于经济学的其他分支,如政治经济学、行为经济学、微观经济学和宏观经济学等,否则,就没有建设的必要;再次,在经济学帝国中,最能体现人的发展经济学特征的是“每个人的自由全面的发展”,因此,其研究对象和边界就应该界定于此.凡是与人的自由全面发展相关的问题都应该纳入人的发展经济学的研究领域,包括人的自由全面发展的物质基础、制度保障和人文道德环境等.     

Methods of ranking economics journals

This paper reviews and critiques some popular methods of ranking economics journals, compares results of some methods, and suggests new uses of two old methods. International economics journals are ranked and used to provide a vehicle for the analyses. Journal citations over a five-year period provide the data input for the analysis. This study illustrates the significance of the method used in how journals are ranked. The Bradley-Terry model is used to estimate the odds ratios one journal will cite another. The model is also discussed as a possible tool for finding the boundary between fields and field journals. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Fifty-Sixth International Atlantic Economic Conference in Quebec City, Canada, October 16–19, 2003.     

Ranking U.S. Economics Programs by Faculty and Graduate Publications: An Update Using 1994–2009 Data

This article ranks academic institutions by pages published in top economics journals over the 1994–2001 and 2002–2009 periods. Because it uses a methodology similar to several earlier articles, this article permits a consideration of how institutions' ranks have changed over the past 35 years. I construct rankings based on publications by individuals affiliated with each institution, by faculty members in the economics departments at each institution, and by alumni of each doctoral program. With few exceptions, the positions of programs near the top of the rankings change little over time. However, much more dramatic changes in rank occur for lower‐ranked institutions.     

Ranking Economics Journals,Economics Departments,and Economists Using Teaching-Focused Research Productivity

This paper constructs new rankings of economics journals, economics departments, and economists that employ a measure of teaching-focused research productivity, an area of growing importance in recent years. The ranking methodologies presented here use information from articles that were published from 1991 through the early part of 2005 within the Journal of Economic Literature's “economic education” classifications (A200-A290). The Journal of Economic Literature tops the list of journals, followed by the Review of Economics and Statistics and the American Economic Review. Among the top institutions are Vanderbilt University, Indiana University, and the University of Wisconsin. Others that rank high here, such as Oberlin College and Denison University, do not often fare as well using methodologies that evaluate more traditional types of economics research. Finally, among the economists we find that John Siegfried, William Becker, and Michael Watts are ranked above other economists.     

A Primer for New Teachers of Economics

In many economics programs, both graduate students and new assistant professors are thrown into the classroom without guidance, with the potential for negative ramifications that can last throughout their careers as teachers. This article is a primer in which we offer unique insights into useful methods and practices for new teachers in the economics profession. We discuss organizational and logistical issues that new teachers must consider and then offer our advice on specific pedagogical tools and techniques. Following the growing literature on the benefits of student‐centered and interactive instruction, we focus on ways instructors can move away from the traditional “chalk and talk” approach. We organize and present these alternative pedagogies in terms of their level of complexity and time required. We conclude with suggestions and resources for the continued growth and development of new teachers in economics.     

How Influential is Economics?

Economists often claim that their discipline has a great influence on the economy. An analysis of the existing literature reveals, however, that little convincing empirical evidence exists. The two approaches used are subject to major shortcomings. The ‘Economics Production Function’ relating the input of economic ideas to economic outcomes, is faced with major estimation problems. The ‘Revealed Behaviour Approach’ of choosing to study economics is based on very restrictive assumptions. It is argued that the ‘Case Study Approach’ analysing specific policy instances constitutes a more promising avenue and should be undertaken to identify more general patterns of influence.     

人的发展经济学作为新学科建立的必然性及其研究对象的选择

全面自由发展的要求充分表现着人的内在本质力量，这种力量是推动社会发展和进步的根本动力。经济发展要做到能够有利于促进每一个个人都获得全面自由发展已经成为当代社会发展的基本要求。基于这一要求，现代西方经济学特别是新自由主义经济学不适合指导当代社会的经济发展，政治经济学在现实社会经济发展中也存在不能具体应用于解决实际问题的情况，为适应社会经济发展的需要而建立新的经济学已成为必然。把社会生产关系与促进每一个个人都获得全面自由发展的生产力之间的关系作为研究对象的人的发展经济学，要顺应时代的需要尽快建立起来。     

马克思主义政治经济学研究对象的创新

国内教科书将马克思主义政治经济学研究对象限定为生产关系及其运动规律的做法,不仅背离经济学的一般含义,不符合马克思、恩格斯的本意,而且不适应马克思主义政治经济学与时俱进的需要.鉴于我国正在建设社会主义市场经济体制的现实,马克思主义政治经济学的研究对象的创新,需要借鉴西方经济学的研究对象.马克思主义政治经济学不仅要研究生产关系及其运动规律,也要研究一国稀缺资源的配置和利用,并通过分析一国稀缺资源的配置和利用方式,来研究一国特定的生产关系及其运动规律.     

从理性、有界理性到现代心理学与经济学

论文贯穿经济学思想史综述了人类对理性、有界理性的认识及其学术前沿:首先介绍作为经济学大厦基础的理性选择理论;然后阐述Simon(1955)早期有界理性的思想;最后以现代心理学与经济学等交叉学科的视角,对社会偏好、自控问题、不确定下的判断、框架效应等问题一一进行讨论。     

人的发展、主体性意识与经济学方法的拓展

现有的经济学分析方法过度注重数量增长对经济学研究的价值,忽略了经济学起因于对人的幸福和发展关注的本来目标。这种偏颇的学术倾向性,与在寻求物质财富快速增长的狭窄视野和认识逻辑有关,也和经济学的分析基础缺乏从个人理性向集体理性过渡、研究的基础平台偏窄有关。重新关注劳动要素的主体意识和幸福指数,拓展经济学研究的视野与立足于更加宽阔的平台,是对经济学学术研究的提升,更是对人的发展研究的提升。     

论中国“人的发展经济学”研究的历史和现状

文章从两个方面论述介绍中国关于对“人的发展经济学”研究的状况：一是中国古代有关人的发展经济思想的渊源;二是中国当代经济学家对人的发展经济学的研究。文章指出,需要越来越多的经济学家和经济学者来研究人的发展经济学、早日建立起具有中国特色的人的发展经济学,从而为在这一领域紧跟国际学术的前沿和进入国际上“人的发展经济学”学术研究的前列、为人的发展经济学这门科学的发展作出贡献。     

Economics,Social Science and Development

Development economics nowadays is mainstream economics applied to poor countries. An examination of the core principles of mainstream economics reveals tremendous strengths, but also tremendous weaknesses. Other disciplines, such as sociology, anthropology and political science, have complementary strengths that suggest a role for them as equal partners in development studies and policy. The argument for a partnership of disciplines is logical and strong. But cross-disciplinarity is not easy in practice. It is best achieved through concrete exercises which demonstrate exactly how “two disciplines are better than one” when analyzing specific policy issues in development.     

中国技术经济研究的动态知识图谱分析

以1992年以来技术经济研究领域的中文文献为研究对象,借助文献计量软件CiteSpace V,对CNKI数据库该领域文献的发表时间、刊载期刊、高产作者与高产机构进行统计分析,并采用共词聚类分析法探讨1992-2016年中国技术经济研究的主要内容和研究专题,进而构建“关注度”指数、“新颖度”指数和战略坐标图,揭示1992-2016年中国技术经济研究专题的分布特征、研究热点与研究方向。结果表明：关于“技术进步与全要素生产率”、“高新技术产业化与政府行为创新”等问题是该领域关注的主要热点,而“产业升级与科技金融支持”、“知识溢出与创新的空间分析”等问题则是该领域较为新颖的研究方向。最后进一步对中国技术经济研究趋势进行了展望。     

中国流通经济学的回顾与反思

流通经济学是中国经济学界尤其是流通理论界一直致力创建的一门应用经济学。然而,20余年过去了,流通经济学却始终未能建立起来,而且随着经济环境的变化,反而日益走向贫困化。作者从西方经济学的学术传统和发展轨迹,从流通自身演变和发展的规律,从中国经济改革实践的背景转换等多个角度,对流通经济学的学术地位、中国流通经济学的演变历程和发展出路进行了全方位的分析和检讨。提出了不同于主流意见的创新性观点。     

经济学制度分析的源流、误识及其未来

文章的主旨是梳理当代经济学制度分析的思想史。通过文献考据文章主要论证了以下四个观点:第一,虽然凡勃伦的《有闲阶级论》通常被认为是第一部经济学制度研究著作,但是他的理论本身实际上是"反制度主义";第二,美国制度学派(旧制度经济学)内在的思想渊源之间的冲突决定了其无法建构起有效的理论体系;第三,"科斯定理"是一个被过度诠释的概念;第四,"交易成本"概念的形成是经济学内部不同研究领域之间相互影响的结果,并且正因为如此,才使得新制度经济学融入了主流理论。文章的结论是,应当抛弃以交易成本为中心的制度解释,转向"深描"的经济学制度分析。     

Folk Economics

Folk economics is the intuitive economics of untrained people. It is concerned with distribution, and does not allow for or understand incentives. Folk economic notions evolved in our ancestors m circumstances where there was little in the way of specialization, division of labor, capital investment, or economic growth. It can explain the beliefs of naïve individuals regarding matters such as international trade, labor economics, law and economics, and industrial organization. It is important that voters understand economic principles. Economists would do a better job of persuading others and of teaching if we paid explicit attention to folk economics. Because untrained individuals do not fully understand gains from trade, training in economics is likely to improve welfare by increasing the number of trading opportunities. There is evidence that this is m fact true.     

现行经济学学科设置问题与法律经济学的兴起

通过比较国内外现行经济学学科设置,评述法律经济学的学科定位、学科特征与发展趋势,分析政治经济学、制度经济学与法律经济学的关系,发现在应用经济学一级学科目录下,增设法律经济学这一内容丰富、方兴未艾的金矿学科,已经水到渠成。     

人、人的发展与经济学

人的最高属性是人的精神性。人是自然、社会和精神的统一。从人的精神性出发，才能区别人与动物，才能揭示人的整体本质，才能理解人的自我超越和自由创造的本性，才能真正触及人的发展问题的深刻性、复杂性、系统性与特殊性．．经济学不是一门人学，经济学是关于人类行为的一门科学，经济学几乎对人类行为的所有领域都有所研究。下一阶段，经济学的研究可以转向人自身，经济学可以对人自身的发展进行科学分析，一门叫做“人的发展经济学”的经济学是可以成立的。     

论人的发展经济学——哲学、科学与实践及其关系的视角

科学新学科的创立常常误入歧途,一大错误是把科学经验与哲学经验、历史经验、实践经验甚至日常经验混淆起来。我们创建"人的发展经济学"要避免这种错误,就需要具体研究和阐述"人的发展经济学"的科学目标、科学方法、科学逻辑、科学内容及其研究纲领和理论体系,寻找和确立"人的发展经济学"作为一门经济科学学科的依据和原则。     

新政治经济学的复兴与中国经济学的发展方向

从经济学的性质和起源上看,涵盖工程学和伦理学两方面内容的政治经济学是其恰当名称;但是,自新古典经济学将其研究对象局限于稀缺性资源配置的私人领域,“政治经济学”一词就被“经济学”取代了。不过,随着20世纪70年代以来经济学研究领域的不断拓宽,传统的抽象思维越来越不适应新的要求,从而导致了经济学向政治经济学回归,重新关注公共领域的问题,重新关注人的行为以及社会制度。特别是,当前国内社会经济问题的症结在公共领域,中国人的社会认知和行为机理与西方也存在很大差异,因而中国经济学的范式更需要借鉴古典政治经济学。