浅析世界著名岛屿旅游发展经验及对海南的启示

旅游业是海岛经济体的支柱产业之一,高尔夫产业又是旅游业中非常重要的产业。本文主要通过调查研究世界著名岛屿旅游业及高尔夫产业发展的概况,总结其发展特点,为处在发展阶段的海南的旅游业和高尔夫产业提供借鉴和参考。     

Auditor Experience and the Timeliness of Litigation Loss Contingency Disclosures*

This paper hypothesizes and finds that firms audited by city‐industry specialists have more timely disclosures of contingent losses from litigation when there is no news coverage relating to the legal case prior to management disclosures. A closer examination reveals that this result is explained by the specialist auditors’ prior experience auditing clients in the same office and industry who are involved with litigation. In our setting, disclosures of litigation‐related contingent losses, we identify two kinds of knowledge generated from experience: industry knowledge and litigation knowledge. Industry knowledge helps auditors detect and correct poor implementation of guidance for litigation loss contingency disclosures. Auditors gain litigation knowledge from auditing clients in a given office and industry with previous involvement as defendants. Thus, the two types of knowledge interact in their effects on reporting outcomes.     

The Return to Hours and Workers in U.S. Manufacturing: Evidence on Aggregation Bias

Reliance on overtime or part-time work is contested by organized labor and suggests employers exploit trade-offs between workers and hours. Worker-hour models predict return to hours and workers' estimates are crucial in evaluating the trade-off between them. This paper uses data that vary by industry to test and reject a common production structure across industries used in prior work; this aggregation is shown to yield an upward bias in return-to-hours estimates. Contrary to prior evidence, the industry-specific return-to-hour estimates are lower than return-to-worker estimates and are generally less than one, suggesting that trade-offs between workers and hours may be cost effective.     

广西承接产业转移问题研究

产业转移是一种全球共生的经济现象,有其内在的规律。随着我国改革开放的不断深入以及全球经济形势的变化,承接产业转移成为促进经济发展的重要途径。我国一些发达地区在承接产业转移的过程中积累了丰富的经验。广西在承接东部产业转移的过程中也取得了很大成效,但也面临严峻的形势和存在许多亟待解决的问题,应认清形势,借鉴发达地区经验,进一步采取措施,做好产业转移承接工作,促进广西经济又好又快发展。     

税收政策与统筹城乡协调发展的相关性研究

文章就税收政策与城乡协调发展的实际状况进行相关性分析，以期通过调整税收和财政政策，形成更加合理的社会财富二次分配格局，建立城市反哺农村、工业反哺农业的投入机制；促进城乡统筹发展，促进经济社会全面、协调、有序、可持续地发展。     

Connections between the Market Pricing of Accruals Quality and Accounting-Based Anomalies*

We examine whether prior findings on the market pricing of accruals quality (AQ) can be attributed to other forms of accounting-based anomalies. Using hedge portfolio analysis and cross-sectional regressions, we find that the return predictive power of AQ overlaps with several other accounting signals. We also find that, similar to other accounting-based anomalies, especially the accruals anomaly, the AQ pricing effect (i) is likely due to mispricing instead of risk pricing, (ii) is attenuated in recent years, and (iii) disappears among firms with cash flow forecasts or long-term growth forecasts. Our findings highlight the importance of controlling for existing return predictive signals when evaluating the market pricing of AQ.     

我国核仪器行业发展面临的问题及对策研究

随着工业的发展,特别是核电产业的发展,与之相关的核仪器行业面临了前所未有的发展机遇,然而目前核仪器行业存在的资金投入不足、与进口产品差距大、制造设备陈旧、科研能力不足、缺乏行业标准及有效地行业沟通等问题极大地限制了我国核仪器行业的发展,主要的应对策略包括加大投资力度、鼓励科研、注重人才培养、鼓励对外交流学习、制定统一行业标准、加强国内企事业单位的联系合作等。     

俄罗斯国防工业技术“寓军于民”金融支持实践

俄罗斯大力推行国防科技工业企业一体化,通过组建大型国防企业集团,增强国防科技工业的国际竞争力,并在电子技术和信息技术等领域采取了许多有效的措施。同时国家政策倾向于对国防工业进行各种形式的融资支持。俄罗斯的实践经验对中国发展国防工业有所启示。     

发展千岛湖休闲渔业的思考研究

千岛湖是浙江省四大淡水鱼基地之一,年产有机鱼约5000吨,有2万多农民从事渔业的养殖、销售和加工产业;同时千岛湖又是国内知名的旅游观光和休闲度假胜地,近年来,回归自然、体验农事、低碳经济已成为人们所崇尚的休闲方式。利用千岛湖得天独厚的自然生态环境、渔业资源,结合渔业生产而规划设计相关活动和休闲空间,给民众提供体验渔业活动并达到休闲、娱乐、健身目的,大力发展千岛湖休闲渔业服务经济是一条很好的发展路子。     

沿海地区工业反哺农业比较研究

工业反哺农业的实质就是要改变农业和农村经济在资源配置和国民收入分配中所处的不利地位,实现城乡一体化发展.我国沿海发达地区已具备工业反哺农业的能力.文章通过对江苏、浙江、山东和广东沿海地区四省的补农扶持政策、财政支农和乡镇工业补农等反哺行为的比较研究,为政府的工业反哺农业战略提出相关的政策建议.     

IMPACT OF COMMUNIST PARTIES ON THE INDIVIDUAL DECISION TO JOIN A TRADE UNION: EVIDENCE FROM INDIA

This paper analyzes the impact on individual decisions to unionize of several factors: the reach of communist parties, the degree of political activism, personal attributes of workers, and industrial characteristics. The workers examined are Indian nonagricultural regular workers, using micro-data from the 2004–5 Employment and Unemployment Survey conducted by the National Sample Survey Organisation, linked to state-level factors. A notable result is that the reach of communist parties has considerable effect on unionization probability. Moreover, it seems that the mere existence of communist parties in a state also facilitates unionization to some extent. State-level political activism and unemployment rate also influence the individual decision to join a union. The paper concludes also that a worker's gender, marital status, ethnic background, employment status, experience, occupation, sector of employment, establishment size, and type of industry remain important in the determination of union membership.     

工业化进程中的农业剩余劳动力转移——基于我国工业化资本排斥劳动的经验分析

二元经济理论是早期发展经济学的一个重要理论,它指出将传统农业部门的剩余劳动力向现代工业部门转移,不仅可以解决很多剩余劳动力的就业和增加这部分劳动力的收入,而且可以增加现代工业部门的产出和积累。反过来,现代工业部门的不断增长使之能吸收更多农业剩余劳动力。然而,我国农业剩余劳动力的转移却没有按照刘易斯过程一帆风顺的发展,而是表现了转移的艰难,目前我国还存在大量的农业剩余劳动力。针对这一现象,本文从我国工业化进程角度探索了它对我国农业剩余劳动力转移的影响,并认为目前的工业化进程并不十分有利于农业剩余劳动力转移,而是表现了资本排斥劳动的趋势。因此,本文认为在短期内用“两条腿走路”仍是解决我国农业剩余劳力就业问题的基本思路。     

Public-private wage comparison: A case study of Taiwan

This paper rigorously examines the public-private wage differential. Two novelties: it deals with a newly industrialized economy-Taiwan, and an attempt is made to isolate out any alleged “favorable” industry/occupation job distribution that may exist for the public sector.Significant wage advantages were found to exists for both genders in the public sector. Both the absolute magnitude of this advantage premium and the relative size between genders were comparable to the estimates for the U.S and for Canada. The often alleged superior industry/occupation distribution of public sector jobs were verified and found to account for a significant portion of the observed sectoral wage differential.     

当前房地产业人才短缺原因的剖析及破解办法

房地产业高速成长,整个产业的人力资源现状却难以满足现实的需求。房地产企业正面临着人才短缺的窘境,本文分析了造成这种局面的原因,并指出破解这种局面的方法就是通过学校教育与职业培训两种途径来对房地产业人才进行培养。     

An empirical assessment of the preconditions of Japanese manufacturing foreign direct investment in the United States

An Empirical Assessment of the Preconditions of Japanese Manufacturing Foreign Direct Investment in the United States. — This study undertook a multivariate regression analysis of Japanese foreign direct investment in the US (FDIUS), based on firm- and industry-specific data. Firm size was a positive and significant explanatory variable of firms’ completed transactions as well as their additions to investment value. Firms’ overall profit was a positive and significant indicator of firms’ addition to investment value, but not their completed transactions. Firms’ return on assets was generally a positive, albeit insignificant indicator of FDIUS. Three industry-specific variables (prior exports to the US, industry concentration, and technological intensity) were examined and all were positive but insignificant indicators of FDIUS.     

Export survival and the dynamics of experience

This paper focuses on developing countries’ pioneer exports to the OECD and obtains several important results on export dynamics, linking export experience and export survival. Using product level data at the SITC 5-digit level for 114 developing countries over the 1962–2009 period, we show that prior export experience obtained in non-OECD markets significantly increases survival of pioneer exports toward the OECD. The experience does not need to last long, as gaining experience for more than two years does not confer any additional benefit. The effect of experience depreciates rapidly with time: a break in export experience prior to entering the OECD reduces the advantage on survival. Finally, the role of prior export experience is particularly relevant for survival in the first two years upon entry into the OECD. The geographic dynamic of export experience reveals that experience is acquired in neighboring, easy to access markets before reaching more distant, richer partners and ultimately serving the OECD with a higher probability of survival.     

The winner–loser effect in Japanese stock returns

This study examines the winner–loser effect using stocks listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) from 1975 to 1997. We uncover significant return reversals dominating the Japanese markets, especially over shorter periods such as 1 month. No momentum effect is observed, however. The 1-month return reversal remains significant even after adjusting for firm characteristics or risk. While the 1-month return reversal is not related to industry classification, it is partially a result of higher future returns to loser stocks with low trading volume. Our results show that investor overreaction may be a possible explanation for the 1-month return reversal in Japan.     

Voluntary Disclosure and Equity Offerings: Reducing Information Asymmetry or Hyping the Stock?*

We examine corporate disclosure activity around seasoned equity offerings and its relationship to stock prices. Beginning six months before the offering, our sample issuing firms dramatically increase their disclosure activity, particularly for the categories of disclosure over which firms have the most discretion. The increase is significant after controlling for the firm's current and future earnings performance and tends to be largest for firms with selling shareholders participating in the offering. However, there is no change in the frequency of forward‐looking statements prior to the equity offering, something that is expressly discouraged by the securities law. Firms that maintain a consistent level of disclosure experience price increases prior to the offering, and only minor price declines at the offering announcement relative to the control firms, suggesting that disclosure may have reduced the information asymmetry inherent in the offering. Firms that substantially increase their disclosure activity in the six months before the offering also experience price increases prior to the offering relative to the control firms, but suffer much larger price declines at the announcement of their intent to issue equity, suggesting that the disclosure increase may have been used to “hype the stock” and the market may have partially corrected for the earlier price increase. Firms that maintain a consistent disclosure level have no unusual return behavior relative to the control firms subsequent to the announcement, while the firms that “hyped” their stock continue to suffer negative returns, providing further evidence that the increased disclosure activity may have been hype, and suggesting that the hype may have been successful in lowering the firms' cost of equity capital.     

International drug procurement and market intelligence: Cuba

Cuba's experience during the last 20 years is reviewed as far as international procurement and market intelligence are concerned. The steps taken during that period, in order to provide the Cuban people with the most efficacious medicines at the lowest cost are enumerated and analysed. The paper then discusses several aspects of Cuban drug policy: for instance, promoting national production of drugs; converting active ingredients into pharmaceutical forms; promoting research and development and technological innovation; and establishing an adequate infrastracture, including specialized institutional structures, for the evaluation of technology transfer and development in order to meet the demands made by human beings and animals on the pharmaceutical industry. The article also discusses the functions of Medi-Cuba dealing both with foreign commerce and its role as a drug intelligence centre for the pharmaceutical industry and research establishment.