Income inequality and the business cycle: A threshold cointegration approach

This paper investigates the impact of various socio-economic variables on various cohorts of the income distribution. We use asymmetric cointegration tests to show that unemployment and immigration shocks have real impacts on income inequality. In addition, using threshold test results we are able to show that positive and negative shocks to the economy do not have symmetric effects nor do the impacts of these shocks impact income quintiles uniformly.     

城市居民财产性收入与贫富差距的实证分析

利用1988～2009年国家统计局全国入户调查数据,本文研究了我国城市居民财产性收入的规模、组成、变化以及其对收入差距的贡献。采用基尼系数的分解方法,将每年的收入差距分解到各个收入成分的贡献,并发现与其他收入形式相比,财产性收入分布的基尼系数是最高的,对总收入差距的贡献也在迅速扩大,这一现象值得重视。本文还分别对东、中、西部地区进行了分析,发现财产性收入主要集中在东部地区。     

劳动力跨部门配置与居民收入差距——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

本文从劳动力跨部门配置效应的角度,分析了我国劳动力跨部门配置的时期和地区特征,使用面板数据模型估计了我国劳动力转移对城乡居民收入差距的作用。结果表明,在改革开放的后一阶段,我国劳动力转移的收入分配均等化效应下降,且西部地区下降更加显著。而收入均等化效应下降的一个重要原因是各次产业部门间生产率差距扩大。文章指出产业协调发展是提高劳动力转移收入分配效应的迫切要求。     

Understanding Income Inequality in China: A Multi-Angle Perspective

Economic reforms have brought about spectacular growth and vast improvements of people’s living standards in China since 1978. In the meantime, unbalanced regional growth and income inequality have become two important concerns of future development. Most available studies on income distribution have either focused on the rural population or on the urban citizens. This paper stresses the importance of adopting a multi-angle approach to fully understand income inequality in China. We first use some top-down information to form a general picture of inequality for the whole country, and then use some bottom-up household survey data to explain in detail the development of inequality over time regarding rural/urban inequality, rural inequality, urban inequality and inter-regional inequality, the relative importance of different income sources to overall inequality. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

损益要素的国际比较、协调及对我国的启示

各国财务会计概念框架中的损益要素存在重要差异,表现在损益要素的构成和要素的内涵、外延方面。通过国际比较,指出收益的两种观点、收入(费用)与利得(损失)是否分列、是否单独设置业绩要素等实质性分歧。在损益要素国际协调的背景下,对我国损益要素的重构提出建议。     

Testing for infinite order stochastic dominance with applications to finance, risk and income inequality

In this paper we develop a test of infinite order degree stochastic dominance based on the use of the empirical Laplace transform function. Two applications are considered. One uses the income data of Anderson (Econometrica 64:1183–1193, 1996) and derives results consistent with his. In the other application we examine the dominance between the U.S. and U.K. stock markets. Using data on the S&P 500 and the FTALL-Share we show that the U.S. displays infinite order degree stochastic dominance of the U.K.

中国区域收入不均等动态分析与路径选择——基于广义熵视角的分析

区域收入状况是我国收入分配格局的重要组成部分,多年以来我国区域收入不均状况日益严峻,不断引起社会各界及中央政府的高度重视.论文依据我国31个区域收入及相关数据,选取广义熵度量指标,采用计量研究方法衡量我国区域收入差距大小及动态发展趋势,分解收入不均等的来源构成比重,分析不均等形成根源并结合我国实际提出有效缓解我国区域收入不均等状况的对策与建议,为切实改善我国收入分配格局提供条件和奠定基础.     

2010年上海世博会主要收入分析与预测

本文讨论了2010年上海世博会基本的收入来源,指出门票与旅游收入将是2010世博会主要的收益。在调查问卷以及上海往年年鉴数据的基础上,对门票与旅游收入的数量进行了初步的分析与预测。     

基于收入分布的收入差距扩大成因的分解

本文采用核平滑化的半参方法估计了1987年、1996年、2004年我国城市居民收入分布曲线,并且基于收入分布又进一步分解了导致城市居民收入差距扩大的主要原因。收入差距扩大的成因可以分为两类:一是劳动者的劳动力特点的普遍变化,如劳动者教育水平的提高,行业、职业分布的变化;二是对劳动力特点回报率的变化,如教育回报率的提高,各行业、职业回报率差异的扩大等。本文发现后者是导致收入差距扩大的主要原因。     

中国转型期通货膨胀对城乡收入差距的影响——基于省际面板数据的分析

本文利用我国31个省市区1979～2009年的面板数据,在运用面板数据门限模型检验我国的通货膨胀率、预期到的通货膨胀率和未预期到的通货膨胀率对城乡收入差距的影响都不存在门限效应的基础上,采用面板数据可行广义最小二乘进行估计。结果发现,我国的通货膨胀率和未预期到的通货膨胀率都扩大了城乡收入差距且是稳健的,但扩大的程度因所用数据的时间长短而异;而预期到的通货膨胀率影响城乡收入差距系数的符号和大小都因数据的时间长短而变化。     

Corruption, Growth, and Income Distribution: Are there Regional Differences?

This paper uses panel data from 61 countries at different stages of economic development over a 20-year period to investigate regional differences in the effect of corruption on economic growth and income distribution. Using two measures of corruption, we find that there are statistically significant regional differences in the growth and distributional impacts of corruption. The largest growth impact of corruption is found in African countries while OECD and Asian countries have the lowest growth impact. On the other hand, the largest distributional impact of corruption in found in Latin America. A 10% decrease in corruption increases the growth rate of income by about 1.7% in OECD and Asian countries, 2.6% in Latin American countries, and by 2.8% in African countries. A one standard deviation decrease in corruption decreases the gini coefficient of income distribution (0–1 scale) by 0.05 points, 0.14 points, 0.25 points, and 0.33 points in OECD, Asian, African, and Latin American countries, respectively. The results are robust to various specifications, measurement of corruption, measures of investment, as well as the conditioning variables. The results have interesting policy implications for economic growth, especially in low income countries with high rates of corruption.     

西南地区崛起的原因与思考

历史上长期处于落后状态的西南地区正在实现整体崛起,促使东快西慢的中国区域经济格局转变为南快北慢。西南地区整体崛起是外因和内因相互促进、相互转化的辩证统一,既是国家实施西部大开发战略的结果,更是该地区解放思想、抢抓机遇、开拓创新、拼搏奋进的结果。西南地区整体崛起对全国打赢脱贫攻坚战、全面建成小康社会、国家宏观经济持续健康发展、长江经济带区域战略、“一带一路”国际合作至关重要。但是西南地区崛起不能过高估计,存在的短板不容忽视。保持西南地区崛起态势,需要从若干方面着力:国家应当持续深入推进西部大开发战略。西南地区应当坚守发展和生态两条底线,着力打造长江上游重要生态屏障和绿色发展示范区;构建“钻石”型城市群落,着力打造中国区域经济第四增长极;拓宽“一带一路”“西部陆海新通道”,着力打造内陆开放新高地。     

直接影响与空间溢出效应:我国城市化进程对城乡收入差距的影响路径识别

本文选取2000～2009年间我国31个省、直辖市和自治区的面板数据,通过选择恰当的空间面板计量模型(Spatial Panel Model)实证研究本地城市化进程对城乡收入差距的直接影响,以及相邻地区城市化进程对本地城乡收入差距的空间溢出效应。实证结果表明:我国城市化进程对缩减城乡收入差距的积极影响和消极影响并存,取决于城市化进程的不同政策路径选择;省际间的城市化进程存在空间溢出效应,即本地的城乡收入差距也会受到临近省份城市化进程的显著影响。     

基尼系数分解分析中国城市居民收入不平等

当GINI系数按组（如职业,性别,区域）分解时,它可以分为组内、组间和层迭项（overlapped）三个组成部分,从文献检索来看,GINI系数的分解方法已有许多,但大多数分解方法不仅不易于理解而且计算非常繁重.本文应用Yao和Liu（1996）提出的四步分解法克服了其他方法存在的缺点,并以中国2003年的城镇居民收入调查数据为例,说明这个新方法可以容易地应用于研究中国各地区城市居民间收入的不平等状况.本文在许多以前的研究未能认识到的层迭带部分有实质性的突破.     

中国物流市场竞争因素分析

围绕影响市场重新分割的4个主要因素:品牌效应、客户需求导向、价格因素以及技术应用程度,分析了中国物流市场的发展变化趋势。     

Employment Growth in Italian Local Labour Systems: Issues of Model Specification and Sectoral Aggregation

Abstract

In this paper we construct a model to estimate local employment growth in Italian local labour markets for the period 1991–2001. The model is constructed in a similar manner to the original models of Glaeser et al. (1992), Henderson et al. (1995) and Combes (2000). Our objective is to identify the extent to which the results estimated by these types of models are themselves sensitive to the model specification. In order to do this we extend the basic models by successively incorporating new explanatory variables into the model framework. In addition, and for the first time, we also estimate these same models at two different levels of sectoral aggregation, for the same spatial structure. Our results indicate that these models are highly sensitive to sectoral aggregation and classification and our results therefore strongly support the use of highly disaggregated data.     

金融发展影响城乡收入差距的三大效应分析及其检验

金融发展影响城乡收入差距主要通过三条途径，即金融发展的门槛效应、金融发展的降低贫困效应、金融发展的非均衡效应。本文利用中国和省级1978-2004年的相关数据进行实证检验，结果显示实证与理论假说相符。最后，提出了相关政策建议。     

企业所得税会计几个问题的探讨

本文研究企业所得税会计问题。针对我国企业所得税会计准则在执行过程中存在的方法、理念几个等认识误区问题,提出相应解决措施,主张理念决定方法,只有从理念、依据的角度深刻认识所得税会计准则的主旨,才能在实际工作中正确执行准则的相关规定。     

Income and wealth inequality and the life cycle. A non-parametric analysis for China

This paper uses the techniques of non-parametric density and regression estimation to estimate the Chinese age/income and age/wealth distributions, using survey data relating to 1987. Although there is evidence of a clear life-cycle profile of income earning and wealth accumulation, the results suggest that only a small part of observed inequality can be explained by life-cycle factors. This finding contradicts the results of some other researchers.     

北京市居民收入差距发展规律与结构特征的实证研究

本文选取1985—2007年的时间序列数据,对23年间北京市居民的收入差距演变规律进行分析,侧重于城镇居民收入差距、农村居民收入差距、以及城乡居民收入差距三个层次,并在对时间序列数据分析基础上,对收入差距的发展趋势进行判断。研究认为,北京市居民收入差距变化大致经历了三个阶段,即差距较小—差距扩大—差距稳中有降;居民收入差距一直存在,但以1993年为节点,之后出现大幅度上升态势;2003—2007年,居民收入差距整体呈现稳中有降的趋势,但降幅不大。对收入差距内部结构的分析显示,23年间,城镇居民收入差距水平小于农村居民收入差距。