木瓜中齐墩果酸的提取、分离及鉴定

从木瓜中提取、分离、鉴定齐墩果酸。方法:采取回流法、索氏提取法和冷浸法从木瓜中提取齐墩果酸,然后采用酸碱沉降法、氯仿萃取法分离纯化,并用高效液相色谱法进行鉴定。结果:结果显示回流法提取效果最好。结论:为齐墩果酸的工业化生产提供了一定的理论依据。     

微波法提取石榴皮中熊果酸的工艺研究

采用微波提取技术从石榴皮中提取熊果酸,考察了乙醇浓度、微波功率、温度、料液比、时间对石榴皮中熊果酸得率的影响,并通过正交实验优化了工艺参数。结果表明,乙醇质量分数为55%、微波功率为300W、温度为55℃、料液比0.05g/mL、微波作用时间90s时,熊果酸得率为1.4362mg/g。     

响应面法优化香蕉皮多糖的超声波辅助提取工艺

利用响应面分析法优化超声波辅助提取香蕉皮多糖工艺。苯酚—硫酸法测多糖含量,以单因素试验结果为依据,采用Box-Behnken试验设计优化香蕉皮多糖的提取工艺。结果表明:超声波辅助提取香蕉皮多糖的最优提取条件为液料比50∶1(mL/g)、超声波提取温度45℃,超声波提取时间24 min,超声波功率300 W,在此条件下多糖提取得率为7.15%。     

超声波辅助提取橘皮中橙皮甙的研究

本文采用柑橘皮为原料,以橙皮甙的提取率为指标。通过单因素试验和正交试验确定超声波辅助提取柑橘皮中橙皮甙工艺中提取环节的最佳参数组合。结果表明在温度25℃、超声时间45 min时,柑橘皮与饱和氢氧化钙水溶液质量比为1∶35,超声频率为25 k Hz的条件下,橙皮甙的提取率最高为3.98%,与传统提取方法相比,超声波辅助提取法不仅节省时间,而且橙皮甙的提取效率高出常规浸提法的1.61倍,是一种工艺简单、高效、节能的新型提取工艺。     

响应面法优化超声波辅助提取冬虫夏草多糖工艺研究

为采用响应面优化法对超声波辅助提取冬虫夏草多糖的工艺参数进行优化,设计单因素实验,确定影响提取率的几个因素的大概范围,即超声波提取功率、提取温度、提取时间、提取料液比。然后设计响应面实验对工艺参数进行优化,通过查阅文献,选定蒽酮-硫酸法测定冬虫夏草多糖含量,在490 nm的波长下测定吸光值,算出多糖含量,以此作为响应面设计的响应值。结果表明,超声波辅助提取冬虫夏草多糖工艺参数为超声波功率为300 W,提取时间为30 min,提取温度为45℃,料液比为1/50。在此参数下冬虫夏草多糖提取率最大。     

超声波辅助萃取油松松针中的黄酮

本实验选用油松松针为原料,采用超声波辅助萃取法提取黄酮类化合物,通过正交实验确定了提取黄酮类化合物的最优工艺条件为:乙醇浓度为90%,料液比为1:20(g·mL-1),萃取时间40 min,超声功率为75 W.在最优条件下油松中的黄酮提取率为3.69%.     

玉米须的提取工艺研究

目的：建立玉米须的提取工艺。方法：以玉米须中总黄酮含量为指标,筛选了提取工艺。结果：玉米须经除杂,酌予碎断,置提取罐中,加60%乙醇回流提取三次,每次为1.5小时,每次加醇量为药材的20倍量,合并提取液,浓缩至相对密度1.05～1.10（250C）的清膏,干燥,即得。结论：该方法指标明确,操作合理,便于在生产中使用。     

浅析从柿叶中提取多糖工艺的研究

对柿叶中可溶性粗多糖的提取工艺进行了研究，通过单因素试验研究了温度、时间、醇沉比、水煮次数对多糖提取率的影响。结果显示温度和浸提次数是影响多糖提取率的主要因素，最佳工艺为温度70℃，时间3h，醇沉比4：1，浸提次数3次，在最佳提取工艺时，柿叶的多糖提取率为2．16％。     

微波辅助提取柿子中单宁的工艺研究

以乙醇为提取剂,采用微波辅助方法提取了青柿子中的单宁。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验优化了提取工艺。试验结果表明,提取青柿子中单宁的最佳工艺条件是:料液比1:12,微波温度50℃,微波功率300W,提取时间120s。在此条件下单宁的提取率为198mg/g。     

生姜黄酮提取工艺研究

以生姜作为实验材料,采取有机溶剂浸提法提取生姜中存在的黄酮类化合物,对黄酮的提取工艺、含量测定及抗氧化性进行研究。利用单因素实验法研究不同提取溶剂、固液比、提取时间、提取温度及溶剂的浓度等因素对提取率的影响,并结合正交实验法优化提取工艺。得到提取溶剂为乙醇∶固液=1∶25、提取时间为1 h、提取温度为50℃、浓度为80%,在此条件下生姜黄酮提取率最高为2.63%。     

绿原酸提取工艺的研究进展

绿原酸是一种苯丙素类化合物,其提取工艺很多,各有特点。简要介绍了绿原酸的理化性质和生物活性,综述了近年来绿原酸几种提取工艺的研究进展,并对其作了简要比较分析,着重讨论了绿原酸提取工艺中存在的问题,探讨了其今后的发展方向,旨在为绿原酸的开发利用提供参考。     

橘皮色素提取工艺的研究进展

橘皮色素是一类重要的天然色素,具有良好的营养和保健作用,可替代合成色素而广泛应用于食品饮料等行业中。介绍了橘皮色素的理化性质及其生物活性,综述了有机溶剂提取法、碱提取法、微波提取法、超临界流体萃取法以及超声波提取法等橘皮色素提取工艺的研究进展,着重讨论了各种提取工艺的研究热点及存在的问题,展望了橘皮色素的发展前景。     

回归正交法优化杜仲叶中绿原酸提取工艺研究

以杜仲叶为原料,在正交试验基础上,采用二次回归正交试验,优化了微波辅助提取杜仲叶中绿原酸的工艺条件。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为浸提温度61.71℃、乙醇质量分数为74.82%、pH为6、液料体积质量比为30.50 mL/g、提取时间为25 min,在此条件下,绿原酸提取率为4.578 6 mg/g。     

Impact of CRM technology on sales process behaviors: empirical results from US,Europe, and Asia

Purpose: The diffusion of customer relationship management (CRM) systems across the globe, over the last decade, has created a need to improve the understanding of the impact of technology on the sales process from a global perspective. The authors examine how CRM technology impacts the sales process (creating opportunity, managing opportunity, and managing relationships) in three regions of the world (US, Europe, and Asia).

Methodology/Approach: The differences among US respondents (n = 789), European respondents (n = 327), and Asian respondents (n = 91) were explored. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted on creating opportunity, managing opportunity, and managing relationships, with dichotomized CRM effectiveness and geography (US/Europe/Asia) as factors.

Findings: The MANOVA revealed a significant influence of CRM effectiveness, but a non-significance for geography and a non-significance for the interaction between CRM effectiveness and geography. This pattern of results suggests that CRM effectiveness leads to significant differences in sales processes; however, these influences are not qualified by the geography to which the firm belongs. Ensuing univariate Analysis of Varirances (ANOVAs) revealed a significant influence of CRM effectiveness on creating opportunity, managing opportunity, and managing relationships, but not for firm–geography or its interaction with CRM effectiveness. Post hoc tests revealed that firms high on CRM effectiveness were better at creating opportunity, managing opportunity, and managing relationships. Differences in CRM effectiveness lead to significant differences in sales processes; however, these influences once again are not qualified by the geography to which the firms belong.

Originality/Value Contribution: This study provides several contributions to the stream of research focused on CRM globally. First, due to globalization, CRM use and process can be more standardized across regions and cultures. With the evolution of technology such as Web 2.0 and cloud computing, barriers to communicating and exchanging information, regardless of time zone or location, have been decreased. A US firm’s use of a CRM platform can essentially capture the same information on a client that a firm in Europe or Asia also manages. CRM’s ultimate measure of success is for the buyer–seller relationship process to positively impact the level of business conducted.