国际经济秩序治理体制改革问题

本文对目前举世关注的国际经济秩序治理体制改革问题展开了深入研究与分析,阐明了国际经济秩序治理体制改革的必要性和紧迫性、国际经济秩序治理体制改革的目标问题、国际经济秩序治理主体改革问题以及国际经济秩序治理体制改革的主要任务,并在国际金融体制改革、国际贸易体制改革和国际投资体制改革方面提出了观点与建议。     

The Asymmetric Effects of Macroeconomic Performance on Happiness: Evidence for the EU

An analysis of data from the Eurobarometer finds evidence of the asymmetric effects of macroeconomic performance on happiness. The evidence reveals that the negative effect of an economic recession on happiness can be at least twice the positive effect of economic growth. In short, a single year of recession can undo the happiness gains from years of economic growth. Moreover, while this evidence focuses on a short-run asymmetry, it nonetheless supports the Easterlin paradox of a nil relationship between macroeconomic performance and happiness. The evidence indicates that stable rather than rapid economic growth is a more sensible target for policymakers, because macroeconomic stability can lead to conditions that allow the pursuit of happiness and thus secure greater well-being.     

高速增长下的发展失衡

本文认为,改革开放以来,我国经济取得举世瞩目的高速增长的主要动力来自于体制创新。体制创新首先通过改变分配关系,打破原有的平衡关系,激励竞争和提高效率,使经济活跃起来。但也应该看到,随着以GDP总量和人均GDP水平反映的经济增长阶段的不断提高,经济和社会发展中的失衡(如地区、城乡、行业和收入分配失衡等)开始显现并逐渐扩大,解决这些失衡是建设和谐社会和可持续发展的基础。文章提出,中国应该从以经济增长为主要发展目标逐渐过渡到在保持经济增长的前提下,使经济增长、经济发展和可持续发展目标有机地结合起来,而从宏观管理上看,需求管理、供给管理和社会综合管理的结合则是这种科学发展的基本保证。     

Reform of the EU Sugar Market

After years of negotiations, the European Union finally reformed its sugar market in November 2005. Unilateral trade concessions, ongoing WTO negotiations and internal pressures were pushing the EU for a change. The following short article highlights some of the key features of the reform and the implications for EU member countries, world sugar markets and countries that currently enjoy preferential access to the EU market.      

关于我国区域经济发展不平衡的分析

为谋求自身的发展,空间上相临或相近的国家纷纷组成以经济利益为中心的综合体———经济区域。然而由于世界各国自然条件、历史背景和社会文化的差异,区域经济发展中出现了普遍的贫者愈贫,富者愈富的现象。我国是一个幅员辽阔的大国,由于某些原因,东部与中西部区域的经济发展存在巨大的差异,为此,分析比较以控制、缩小差距已成为我国经济协调发展的一项重要内容     

加强宏观调控深化金融改革

本文认为,我国去年以来的宏观调控取得了一定的成绩,但不能估计过高,一些深层次的问题并没有完全解决,还要继续努力,特别是要注意转变经济增长方式,真正提高经济增长的效益。宏观调控一定要总体考虑社会发展和经济发展之间的关系,中央和地方的关系,宏观和微观的关系,当前和长远的关系,农业、工业、服务业之间的关系,政府与企业和银行的关系等。这些都是影响宏观经济的大问题,都是要周密考虑的。文章指出,金融是现代经济的核心,而银行是金融的心脏,目前商业银行存在的效率低、资本充足率低,不良资产率高,内部管理、风险控制机制不健全,治理制度不完善,金融创新不足等问题,必须通过改革加以解决。     

Institutions,Governance and Economic Growth in the EU: Is There a Role for the Lisbon Strategy?

While European economic integration and in particular the single European market often appear to be only a smallest common denominator in the EU, they condition the economic policy framework facing Member States and have been instrumental in putting governance patterns into motion. The Lisbon Agenda is a case in point. Motivated by competitiveness concerns, it outlines an economic and social strategy meant to relaunch the EU within the changed setting of world-wide competition and a knowledgebased economy. Its success ultimately hinges on whether the necessary coordination to implement policies with an EU rationale can be achieved so as to realise the efficiency properties of the internal market. *and Research Fellow at IEEI **and National Institute for Public Administration (INA). This paper stems from the authors' joint research and teaching on European Economics at the University of Victoria, Canada, at INA and at the University of Aveiro in 2005 and 2006 and is part of an FCT research project on Economic Growth, Convergence and Institutions (research grant POCI/EGE/55423/2004, partially funded by FEDER).     

Economic Benefits of Gender Equality in the EU

To analyse how gender equality measures can contribute to economic growth in the EU, the European Institute for Gender Equality studied the impacts of reducing gender inequalities in areas relevant from a macroeconomic perspective: STEM education, labour market activity and pay. It also considered the demographic changes that would take place if these gender gaps are reduced and a more equal distribution of unpaid care work between women and men is achieved. The study is the first of its kind to use a robust econometric model to estimate a broad range of macroeconomic benefits of gender equality at the EU level. The results of the modelling show that improved gender equality would have a largely positive effect on GDP per capita and on employment of women. The positive impacts are due to an increase in productivity and an improvement to the potential productive capacity of the economy.     

宏观经济政策的国际合作和国际货币体系改革

经济全球化的发展要求在地区范围内和全球范围内实行宏观经济政策的国际合作,这种合作从企业层面上升到政府层面,在平时应以经济(或金融)监管为重点,增强有关制度、政策、法规的透明度,建立风险预警机制;一旦发生经济(或金融)危机及风暴,则重点应是如何联手和克服风暴.同时,国际货币体系的改革应以改革传统的决策权结构、推进监管国际化、确定国际储备基础的本位币和成立应急小组等为主要内容,并提高发展中国家的话语权,以反映世界经济发展的新格局.     

欧盟对中欧经贸关系进行战略评估 重点是知识产权保护、市场准入和投资机会

欧盟委员会5月8日表示，由于中国在经济上的崛起，欧盟将在今年第4季度发表有关中国与欧盟经济与贸易关系的评估文件，以决定下一个10年欧盟应如何处理与中国的关系。     

The WTO Compatibility of the Economic Partnership Agreements between the EU and the ACP Countries

The economic partnership agreements (EPAs) to be negotiated between the European Union and six different ACP regions under the Cotonou Agreement are intended to be in conformity with WTO rules, i.e. satisfy GATT Article XXIV and GATS Article V. To what extent is this realistic? What would be the effects on the ACP countries?

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This article summarises the following study: A. Borrmann, H. Gro?mann, and G. Koopmann: The WTO Compatibility of the Economic Partnership Agreement between the EU and the ACP States, Study on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH, Eschborn 2005, http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/enwto-epa-acp-2005.pdf.     

EU Enlargement,Institutional Governance and Innovation Environment in the Baltic Countries

Abstract

This paper presents institutional framework to implement innovative and co-operative procedures of industrial reorganization and economic growth in the Baltic countries. By using the recent features of organization mode theories and institutional economics, we apply how institutional development helps the Baltic firms to survive in the integration of EU25 markets. We present this framework as a dynamic process in three stages. The first stage identifies the main foundations from the transition period: macroeconomic stabilization, privatization, and financial governance. The second stage considers how to build up the institutional structure of the governance in production. The third stage points out those topics that enhance innovation environment and benchmarks the Baltic countries to EU innovation capacity. These progressive stages in financial, production, and innovation systems of governance can be overlapped or happen in sequential order but the final purpose of these improvements is to enhance the managerial incentives for higher innovative activity in the EU-Baltic industrial integration. It is found that the Baltic innovation input capacity is competitive compared with the EU25 average but a gap in innovation output is still essential.     

透视美国对欧盟实行经济遏制的战略措施

冷战以后，国际经济格局因国际政治格局的变化而需要重新建构，美国为确定自己在新经济格局中的霸权地位，不惜运用贸易制裁、货币对垒和组织包围三种手段来遏制欧洲经济一体化所出现整体实力上升的势力和在国际经济格局中的影响力。本文通过透视这三种手段的具体运用和分析其中的战略意图，从而进一步揭示欧洲一体化的主要国际障碍因素是来自美国和国际关系中“利益至上”的普遍原则。     

浅谈民事诉讼法课程的教学改革

民事诉讼法是一门应用法学,也是一门极具丰富理论内涵的理论法学,为了培养理论知识扎实,应用能力较强的法律人才,在教学目标设置上应当把理论教学与实践操作能力的培养并重,运用启发式、互动式的理论教学、案例教学、组织实践教学等方法,提高民事诉讼法的课程质量。只有立体的设置民事诉讼法课程,才能培养高素质的社会主义法律人才。     

全球化面临挑战但不会逆转——兼论中国在全球经济治理中的角色

在过去的一年多里,针对全球化的质疑越来越多而且越来越激烈.全球化是否因此发生逆转？针对这个问题,结合全球化发展历程,本文利用世界银行数据,对全球化进行分析发现,全球化并没有逆转.然而,全球化正面临全球收入差距扩大、贫困问题依然突出、全球贸易统计方法落后、老龄化日益明显、网络安全监管缺位、全球金融体系社会基础薄弱等严峻挑战.唯有全球化持续,我们才有可能共同解决这些问题,让全世界共享全球化的成果.当全球化走在十字路口的时候,作为仅次于美国的经济总量最大的国家,中国将在全球化中扮演何种角色以及采取何种举措,都会引起世界的关注.结合中国的绝对经济与相对经济规模、中国对能源的掌控能力、中国出口规模与附加值获取的匹配度、中国人民币的国际认可度以及中国的创新指数等指标分析,本文认为在未来很长一段时期内,中国都将着眼于成为全球经济治理的参与者.为推动全球化的顺利进行,中国要在加强国家治理的基础上,积极参与区域治理与全球治理;通过国际市场开发和国内市场开发的良性互动,夯实中国参与全球化的经济基础;依托中国特色新型智库,及时与全世界分享中国参与全球经济治理的智慧.     

EU Fiscal Governance Reforms: A Perspective of Independent Fiscal Institutions

Intereconomics - The fiscal framework needs in practice to achieve a balance between, on the one hand, effective budgetary rules that allow governments to commit to sound policies and, on the...     

养老金计划改革的宏观经济影响:中国与发达国家的比较研究

介绍了在人口老化背景下,以经合组织成员为首的发达国家的不同养老金改革方案的宏观经济影响,研究了发达国家公共养老金改革方案(如延迟退休年龄改革方案)在中国的适用性问题、公共养老金市场化改革方案的优势与安全性问题,提出了适合中国的养老金改革政策建议.     

养老金计划改革的宏观经济影响：中国与发达国家的比较研究

介绍了在人口老化背景下,以经合组织成员为首的发达国家的不同养老金改革方案的宏观经济影响,研究了发达国家公共养老金改革方案(如延迟退休年龄改革方案)在中国的适用性问题、公共养老金市场化改革方案的优势与安全性问题,提出了适合中国的养老金改革政策建议.     

The EU and Turkey—Economic Effects of Turkey’s Full Membership

Since October 2005 the EU and Turkey have been negotiating the accession of Turkey to the EU. In June 2006 they reached agreement on the provisional closure of the “science and research” chapter, a matter which was relatively easy to handle. Thirty-four chapters remain to be negotiated, indicating that the path to Turkey’s full membership will be a long one. What are the main economic challenges facing both Turkey and the EU?     

国际货币基金组织治理体制缺陷、根源及其改革路径探寻

在全球金融治理主体多元化背景下,IMF作为少数正式的全球性政府间国际组织,其地位和作用不可小觑。《IMF协定》虽经历7次修订,但仍未能解决美元霸权利益与责任不对等、内部治理结构失衡、监督职能约束力和执行力有限以及国际最后贷款人名不符实等制度缺陷。利益冲突和价值缺陷是IMF现有治理体制存在缺陷的根源所在。国际社会应在转变IMF治理理念的基础上,建立多元化的国际货币体系,以区域性安排倒逼IMF治理结构改革,完善IMF监督体系,进一步推动IMF 国际最后贷款人能力建设。