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1.
Luigi Aldieri 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(8):807-819
The purpose of this paper is to explore the correlation between the technological proximity measures in three areas: USA, Japan and the Europe. In each economic area, we use information from two international patent systems to construct the technological proximity for 240 large international firms. In particular, we select firms’ patents from United States Patent and Trademarks Office data and European Patent Office data. In order to compute the technological proximity, we follow the methodology developed by Jaffe [1986. “Technological Opportunity and Spillovers of R&D: Evidence from Firms’ Patents, Profits and Market Value.” American Economic Review 76 (5): 984–1001], where a technological vector is based on the distribution of patents of each firm across technology classes. Since the Jaffe distance assumes that spillovers only occur within the same technology class, but rules out spillovers between different classes, we develop also a distance measure which exploits the Mahalanobis norm to identify the distance between different technology classes based on the frequency that patents are taken out in different classes by the same firm. The contribution to the existing literature is to investigate the robustness of the technological proximity measure and the extent to which it may be affected by patent system features. 相似文献
2.
Chicago and its suburbs are experiencing an increasing demand for water from a growing population and economy and may experience water scarcity in the near future. The Chicago metropolitan area has nearly depleted its groundwater resources to a point where interstate conflicts with Wisconsin could accompany an increased reliance on those sources. Further, the withdrawals from Lake Michigan is limited by the Supreme Court decree. The growing demand and indications of possible scarcity suggest a need to reexamine the pricing policies and the dynamics of demand. The study analyses the demand for water and develops estimates of scarcity rents for water in Chicago. The price and income elasticities computed at the means are -0.002 and 0.0002 respectively. The estimated scarcity rents ranges from $0.98 to $1.17 per thousand gallons. The results indicate that the current prices do not fully account for the scarcity rents and suggest a current rate with in the range $1.53 to $1.72 per thousand gallons. 相似文献
3.
李富 《技术经济与管理研究》2015,(2):125-128
文章基于中国生产性服务业发展的视角,通过采用数据包络分析方法,对中国制造业产业安全状况进行了评价,研究表明中国制造业产业安全从1993年以来呈现波动状态,特别是自2005年以来,中国制造业产业安全整体呈现下降趋势,灰色关联分析表明物流业对中国制造业产业安全的影响最大,科技、电信和现代商贸业其次,金融业影响最小,分析也表明生产性服务业发展速度非均衡、与制造业融合不深以及生产性服务业高端人才缺乏等问题进一步影响了中国制造业产业安全,为此应大力推进中国制造业与生产性服务业的密切融合,消除生产性服务业进入壁垒,完善生产性服务业人才培养战略和提高生产性服务业竞争力,从而促进中国制造业产业安全的改善。 相似文献
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Chinho Lin 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2013,25(10):1193-1211
Although the issue of ambidextrous innovation (AI) is receiving increasing attention, its antecedents, moderators, and consequences remain largely unexplored. The goals of this study are therefore not only to investigate the performance effects of such innovation, but also to identify the possible antecedents and moderators. This study used a sample of 1595 firm-year observations for manufacturing firms in the S&P 500, spanning the period 2001–2013, to test the proposed hypotheses. The results show that a higher level of AI leads to better performance. A firm with a diversified technological portfolio (TP) is thus likely to achieve higher degrees of AI as well as see better firm performance. The empirical findings also reveal that AI plays a mediating role in the relationship between TP and performance. Furthermore, absorptive capacity is found to strengthen the relationship between TP and AI. 相似文献
6.
收费公路政策的实施使得收费公路行业取得了巨大成就。随着社会经济的发展,收费公路行业现有发展模式也受到了很大挑战。因此,研究收费公路行业向现代服务业转型问题具有重要的理论与现实意义。文章首先分析了收费公路行业向现代服务业转型的内涵,之后从宏观、中观的角度分析了收费公路行业向现代服务业转型的外在动因、内在动因并从微观角度说明了收费公路经营企业出于创新驱动、利益驱动、创新主体自我实现的需要就必须走向现代服务业转型之路,以实现创造性发展的需要。最后文章提出了收费公路行业转型紧迫系数,对收费公路转型的动因研究进行验证以期为研究收费公路转型问题提供支持。 相似文献
7.
范林生 《技术经济与管理研究》2014,(2):56-61
从酒店服务业的整体规模、营业收入、营业利润等方面比较分析,了解我国不同区域间酒店服务业发展基础,探寻酒店服务业价值创新的着力点和模式。本文采用2006-2010年期间我国31个省区市酒店服务业数据,选取省域酒店数量、从业人数、客房收入、餐费收入、资产总额、固定资产、主营业务收入等指标,比较省域酒店服务业规模化发展能力,以分类指导酒店服务业的差异化发展。2010年全国国有企业、有限责任公司和私营企业酒店营业数据显示,其收入利润率低于外商投资企业、港澳台商投资企业,可见在内资企业的盈利模式处于劣势。而我国有限责任公司和私营企业酒店服务在税金缴纳比例方面又高于外商投资企业和港澳台商投资企业,甚至高于国有酒店企业。结论表明,我国有限责任公司和私营企业酒店服务创新难度和压力比国有企业更大。一方面国有企业在享有比较低的税率同时,强调稳健营业、规模经营,并没有充分发挥创新优势。另一方面外资企业和港澳台商酒店企业更强调和重视服务创新。研究还发现,国内广东省、北京市、浙江省、江苏省、山东省、上海市六省市酒店服务业规模化发展能力具有较强优势。 相似文献
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高技术服务企业要保持战略上的竞争力,需要不断地完善高技术服务产品,不断地进行高技术服务产品的创新和更新换代.因此,高技术服务业创新过程中的侵蚀现象成为一种普遍的现象.市场上在推出新的高技术服务产品之后,新一代服务产品将侵蚀老产品,老一代高技术服务产品的销售额会很快下降,把握好侵蚀的有效时机可以为高技术服务企业带来持续的竞争优势.本文通过对高技术服务业概念的回顾,介绍了高技术服务产品的侵蚀现象,接着分析了高技术服务业产品侵蚀时间的影响因素,最后通过模型分析了高技术服务企业产品侵蚀时机的选择,并得到一些启示. 相似文献
9.
Lorenzo Ardito Antonio Messeni Petruzzelli Umberto Panniello 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2016,28(8):916-934
The present article sheds new light on the role of established technologies as a driving force behind technological evolution, hence unveiling their breakthrough potential. Specifically, going against the conventional wisdom that only nascent technologies significantly shape future technological developments, we examine the likelihood that established technologies have to become breakthrough solutions. Furthermore, we also analyse if and how the breadth of knowledge base characterising those inventions influences this probability. Based on a sample of 21,000 patents belonging to the aerospace industry granted at the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), our results reveal that established technologies have an inverted U-shaped effect on the likelihood of becoming breakthroughs, and that such relationship is negatively influenced by a wide knowledge breadth. 相似文献
10.
服务业分类方案探讨——以北京市为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文从服务业类型划分的依据出发,对国际上几种主要类型划分进行了述评,提出了针对北京目前阶段经济特征的四级划分方案。在二级分类中,提出了成熟型服务业、基于信息技术的新兴服务业和为提高科学文化素质的服务业的划分,突出了这几种行业对我国经济的引导作用。在此基础上,利用北京市2006年的数据,对新划分的类型进行了实证分析,希望能够为服务业类型的统一认识和分析提供参考。 相似文献
11.
Francesco Lissoni 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(6):487-516
The concept of ‘technological expectations’ has established itself as a key one in the smdy of innovation adoption. The article suggests that it may help explaining not just the adopters' timing decisions, but also their decisions regarding the kind of innovation they adopt. Innova tions that set the technological frontier face the competitive diffusion of some ‘intemdiate’ technologies. These may be either old technologies or ‘midrange’ ones. which purposefully lag behind the frontier, in order to impose lower adoption costs to their users. Taking into account midrange innovations casts new light on the supply side of the diffu sion process. in terms of technological variety and selection effects. Drawing examples from the electronic colour pre-press industry, we highlight the equipment suppliers' anxious quest for the successful midrange innovation, able to hit the right txade-off between proximity to the frontier and adoption costs. 相似文献
12.
近年来,中国专利申请量与授权量得到了快速飞跃,然而“专利泡沫”“专利沉睡”等问题也日益凸显,如何有效促进专利数量到专利质量的转变是实现专利强国的关键。本文基于信号传递理论,构建了市场信号与技术特征共同影响国际高质量专利形成的理论模型,并利用中国在美国专利与商标局(USPTO)申请的专利数据进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:市场信号有助于传递积极的专利信号与打破信息不对称,推动形成国际高质量专利;技术特征能够扩大专利自身的技术范围与技术合作空间,与国际高质量专利也存在显著正向关系;此外,技术特征能够产生技术噪音与技术竞争压力,弱化信号传递效率,从而负向调节市场信号对国际高质量专利的促进效应。本文认为与市场上的普通商品一样,专利存在“酒香也怕巷子深”问题,一方面企业应该加强专利国际推广;另一方面政府需要进一步完善市场机制与减弱信息不对称,共同塑造中国国际高质量专利。 相似文献
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自主创新——以技术为核心的管理演进与实证分析 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
本文认为自主创新是以技术为核心的管理模式,包括技术开发子系统、技术转化子系统和技术收益子系统,并选取了影响三个子系统的重要变量进行因子分析,实证研究了我国各地的三个系统发展状况,最后提出了提高自主创新能力的对策. 相似文献
14.
白义霞 《技术经济与管理研究》2013,(8)
服务业作为第三产业对城市或区域的经济发展发挥至关重要的作用,处在服务业高端领域的高端服务业更体现了产业结构高级化和服务业内部结构优化的趋势。天津市是一个以传统制造业为主的工业城市,在服务经济时代,如何通过服务业的转型升级推动天津市经济的快速发展,是摆在天津市政府面前的重大课题。本文以高端服务业为主要研究对象,指出其为传统服务业转型升级的主要目标,通过对高端服务业的具体阐述,在此基础上提出了天津市区发展高端服务业的对策建议。 相似文献
15.
Mahua Guha 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2016,28(2):231-249
In this study, two levels of path dependence in the television technological system are examined: (1) How does the development of television (TV) core components affect the development of peripheral components? and (2) How does the development of complementary and substitute technologies affect the development of television technology? Results from the empirical analysis using patents from 1975 to 2004 indicate that: (a) the development of TV periphery technologies is path-dependent on the development of TV core technologies and (b) even after controlling for its own prior history, the development of the TV system is path-dependent on the development of its complementary technologies. However, there is weak evidence of the path dependence of the TV system on the development of its substitute technologies. 相似文献
16.
This paper explores the specialisation of European Union (EU) regions in key enabling technologies (KETs) and assesses whether or not being specialised in these technological areas has an effect on regional growth. The evidence presented shows that regions specialised in KETs are concentrated in central Europe; however, over the period taken into account (1996–2011), less innovative and peripheral EU regions have been increasing their specialisation in these technological areas at the expense of the most advanced regions. There is also evidence that (spatial) diffusion of KETs often occurs across regions contiguous to each other. The results of the econometric estimations show that being specialised in KETs affects regional economic growth (per capita gross domestic product) and that this effect is stronger in the case of less innovative EU regions. Overall, these results hint at the pervasive nature and enabling role of KETs and demonstrate the importance for EU regions to target these technologies as part of their smart specialisation strategies. 相似文献
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马章良 《技术经济与管理研究》2012,(4):125-128
本文利用1997-2009年的数据,对外商对中国第三产业直接投资与中国服务业的产值之间的关系进行了实证分析,通过OLS检验了外商对中国第三产业直接投资与服务业的增长存在着长期稳定的均衡关系.研究结果表明,外商对第三产业的直接投资对中国服务业的变动有很大影响.从上述实证分析中可以看出,外商对第三产业的直接投资对中国的服务业的增长有着长期稳定的均衡关系,1.07的弹性系数说明外商对第三产业的直接投资每增加1%,中国的服务业占GDP的产值就会增长1.07%.因此外商对第三产业的直接投资对中国服务业有着比较明显的促进作用.从Granger因果关系检验中可以看出,外商对第三产业的直接投资是促进中国服务业产值增长的原因,而服务业产值的增长却并不是吸引外商直接投资的原因. 相似文献
19.
James Mittra 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2013,25(5):473-496
This article critically analyses the events leading up to the 2004 merger between the pharmaceutical companies Sanofi-Synthelabo and Aventis. It reveals the social, commercial and political complexities and challenges of a merger process in which the defence of French national interests and regional capabilities competed with traditional ‘commercial’ narratives before the deal was closed. The merger is analysed within the broader context of contemporary debates, within the strategic management and innovation systems literature, about the process of global innovation in pharmaceuticals, industry consolidation and the discursive socio-political discourses that underlie cross-border merger and acquisition activity. The article critically evaluates the competing criteria adopted by government and industry to justify different merger scenarios and considers the implications for pharmaceutical innovation, industry consolidation and M&A theory. 相似文献
20.
《The Scandinavian journal of economics》2018,120(2):338-371
Using a rich Norwegian panel dataset that includes information about the type and number of patent applications, direct environmental regulations, and a large number of control variables, we analyze the effects of direct regulations on environmental patenting. We use inspection violation status as a measure of regulatory stringency, while controlling for risk class. Violation status captures the probability that a firm might be sanctioned for violating its emission permit. Controlling for risk class captures firm heterogeneity related to dirtiness and inspection frequency. We empirically identify strong and significant effects on innovations resulting from the implicit regulatory costs of direct regulations. 相似文献