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排序方式: 共有96条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
This paper studies the lobbying against trade liberalization by both a firm and a union in the same industry. We find that the relationship between their political activities depends on the effect of political activity by one on the marginal effectiveness of political activity by the other. We also show that, when they are strongly risk-averse and their political activities are strategic complements, trade liberalization is likely to be successful if business is brisk, the foreign firm's production cost is high or the number of union members is small. However, when they are not strongly risk-averse, these results hold reversely. 相似文献
2.
Supermarket retailers typically operate with relatively low margins, suggesting a highly competitive retail environment. However, despite the fact that consumers purchase an entire shopping basket at a time from supermarkets, this evidence is largely based on models of retail competition with single-category purchases. In this paper, we develop and test an empirical model of retail price competition that explicitly accounts for the effect of demand complementarity among items in consumer shopping baskets. Relative to the case where consumers purchase products with independent demands, we demonstrate that equilibrium prices are higher for all items when retailers take demand-complementarity into account. Our findings indicate that non-price strategies intended to encourage complementarity, such as co-merchandising, strategic shelf-positioning, or featuring complementary goods tend to soften price competition, and lead to higher equilibrium prices. 相似文献
3.
Koichi Kagitani 《International economic journal》2013,27(3):493-512
This paper examines the effect of lobbying by a labor union and its parent firm on the argument for strategic export policy in a third market-unionized duopoly. The lobbying-induced export policy frequently deteriorates domestic welfare as compared with free trade. It is true that the politically-determined export policy can improve domestic welfare if the union's bargaining power is strong and the domestic government's responsiveness to political contributions is weak. However, even if the conditions are met, implementing the lobbying-induced export policy will not enhance domestic welfare more than improving labor–management relations. Moreover, the improvement of their relations will be hampered by the opportunity of their lobbying. These results indicate that strategic export policy toward a unionized duopoly should be restrained in light of political economy. 相似文献
4.
We investigate the adverse selection problem where a principal delegates multiple tasks to an agent. We characterize the virtually implementable social choice functions by using the linking mechanism proposed by Jackson and Sonnenschein (2007) [20] that restricts the message spaces. The principal does not require any incentive wage schemes and can therefore avoid any information rent and welfare loss. We show the resemblance between the functioning of this message space restriction and that of incentive wage schemes. We also extend the results of the single-agent model to the multi-agent model. 相似文献
5.
We study the rental office market in the Tokyo central business district by estimating hedonic equations for the office rent for 1985–94 fiscal years. This period includes the "Bubble" of asset prices, followed by its deflation. We find that the characteristics related to transportational conveniences are less effective in explaining office rents than the characteristics related to the agglomeration of offices and the amenity characteristics of the office buildings themselves. Using a skewed error-term specification, we show that the discount in rental transactions is not irrelevant. The hedonic office rent indices and possible policy implications are also presented.
JEL Classification Numbers: L85, R32. 相似文献
JEL Classification Numbers: L85, R32. 相似文献
6.
This paper examines welfare effects of asset bubbles in an endogenous growth model with overlapping generations. In our model, a steady-state equilibrium with bubbles exists only if the presence of bubbles raises the welfare level of the initial generation. Bubbles can be beneficial to generations born at relatively early dates, whereas they reduce the welfare level of sufficiently distant future generations. Increasing the rate of supply of the useless asset improves the lifetime utilities of future generations. 相似文献
7.
Koichi Kawamoto 《Journal of Economics》2007,91(1):41-67
Using an overlapping generations model in which human capital accumulation has positive external effects on the production
of the human capital of future generations, this paper analyzes implications of agents’ having preferences for educational
status, represented by human capital holdings relative to the social average. Examining the value and sign of the optimal
distortionary tax in the optimal taxation scheme, we analyze the efficiency of the level of human capital accumulation in
a decentralized economy. The desire for educational status can compensate for insufficient accumulation of human capital stemming
from human capital externalities directed toward future generations. 相似文献
8.
Koichi Mera 《Review of urban and regional development studies : RURDS : journal of the Applied Regional Conference》1989,1(2):19-25
The selection of cities and regions for priority development should not be determined by technocrats in the central government as has been widely practised in the past, but instead, should be made on the basis of the wishes of the local units. A national system which encourages responsible local governments to undertake development projects without ordinary budget constraints but with responsibility should be developed to achieve this objective. The establishment of a local development bank meets this need. It will help local governments to become motivated in development efforts, to develop planning, implementation and management capabilities, and to learn the importance of cost recovery. 相似文献
9.
Koichi Yotsuya 《The Japanese Economic Review》2002,53(4):407-424
The paper demonstrates the low-growth trap associated with high educational attainment in an overlapping-generations model by examining the dual positive effect of senior educated workers in leading-edge technology: on technological progress and on young workers' on-the-job learning. If new technology is sufficiently productive, young workers will demand education to update technology when old, and high technological growth is sustained in the future. Conversely, if new technology is unproductive, they will demand education merely to improve the skills necessary for existing technology, and technological progress will stagnate. Nevertheless, vigorous investment in education occurs since young workers have little hope for on-the-job learning.
JEL Classification Numbers: I20, J24, O33, O40. 相似文献
JEL Classification Numbers: I20, J24, O33, O40. 相似文献
10.