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Targeting Conservation Investments in Heterogeneous Landscapes: A Distance-Function Approach and Application to Watershed Management 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Paul J. Ferraro 《American journal of agricultural economics》2004,86(4):905-918
To achieve an environmental objective at least cost, decision makers must integrate information about spatially variable biophysical and economic conditions. Although the biophysical attributes that contribute to an environmental outcome are often known, the way in which these attributes interact to produce the outcome is often unknown. We introduce a nonparametric conservation targeting approach that relies on distance functions to cost-efficiently allocate conservation funds. We apply the approach empirically to the case of conservation contracting for water-quality objectives. The contract portfolios derived from the application have many desirable properties, including intuitive appeal and robust performance across plausible parametric scoring measures. 相似文献
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Yelena Tsarenko Carla Ferraro Sean Sands Colin McLeod 《Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services》2013,20(3):302-310
Environmentally conscious consumption is one of the key concerns in modern society generally, and increasingly among the consumer population. However, consumers often overstate their willingness to purchase environmentally conscious products, with global purchasing of these products relatively low. Much research has considered the role of drivers internal to an individual in making such consumption choices; however there is less knowledge as to how external influences may impact environmentally conscious consumption behaviour. As retailers increasingly strive to adopt and communicate their environmentally sustainable business practices, and encourage parallel consumer behavior, the question arises: what role do retailers play in influencing consumers’ environmentally conscious consumption? In this paper we investigate this notion, specifically how external influences (the retailer and peers) impact environmentally conscious behavior. We investigate this behavior in terms of two outcomes; sustainable consumption (direct costs) and willingness to accept environmental taxes (indirect costs). Our research demonstrates that retailers can influence consumers to be more environmentally conscious in their consumption, with retailer influence a stronger mediator than peers in this relationship. One important implication of this research is that retailers have the opportunity to shape environmentally conscious consumption if they adopt sustainable business practices. 相似文献
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Encouraging firms to develop voluntarily more comprehensive environmental management systems (EMSs) is touted as a policy
tool to augment mandatory environmental regulations. Using a unique dataset of environmental management practices of Japanese
manufacturers and controlling for self-selection bias in survey responses, we find that proxies for regulatory pressures and
consumer pressures are the most important factors that motivate firms toward more comprehensive EMSs. Despite the oft-claimed
“voluntary” nature of EMS development, our results show that the government may have a role to play in both directly and indirectly
affecting EMS development by firms.
相似文献
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Meiselman Ben S. Weigel Collin Ferraro Paul J. Masters Mark Messer Kent D. Savchenko Olesya M. Suter Jordan F. 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2022,82(4):847-867
Environmental and Resource Economics - To manage resources effectively in an agri-environmental context, policymakers need information about on-farm management practices and ecological conditions.... 相似文献
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Although an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the short-term impacts of behavioral nudges to achieve public policy objectives, less is known about their longer-term impacts. In a randomized experimental design with over 100,000 households, we study the longer-term impacts of a one-time behavioral nudge that aimed to induce voluntary reductions in water use during a drought. Combining technical information, moral suasion, and social comparisons, the nudge has a surprisingly persistent effect. Although its effect size declines by almost 50% after 1 year, it remains detectable and policy-relevant six years later. In fact, the total reduction in water use achieved after the 4-month period targeted by the intervention is larger than the total reduction achieved during the target period. Further analysis suggests that the intervention works through both short-lived behavioral adjustments and longer-lived adjustments to habits or physical capital. Treatment effects are not detectable in homes from which the treated consumers have moved, which provides suggestive evidence that these longer-lived adjustments are mobile rather than incorporated into the housing stock. The persistence of the effect makes the intervention more cost-effective than previously assumed (cost drops by almost 60%). Nevertheless, water utilities may find this persistence undesirable if the nudges are intended to have only a short-run effect on demand during environmental emergencies. 相似文献
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James M. Duncan Mathew C. Withers Mallory Lucier-Greer Anthony J. Ferraro Kayla Reed-Fitzke 《Leisure Studies》2018,37(3):343-351
This research note applied self-determination theory to the study of social leisure and well-being among collegiate emerging adults. Self-determination theory posits that individuals seek out environments that promote basic psychological needs; among these needs is the need for relatedness. We examined the relationship between social leisure engagement (conceptualised as an environment that promotes connections to others) and emerging adults’ depressive symptomology. More specifically, we hypothesised that this need-supportive environment would be related to higher levels of peer support (a form of relatedness) and would promote better mental health. Participants (N = 270) were between the ages of 18 and 25. Using path models, we found that there was a significant negative relationship between social leisure engagement and depressive symptomology. Furthermore, peer support served as a significant linking mechanism between social leisure and depressive symptomology. Results provide evidence for the application of self-determination theory to the study of social leisure engagement as a need-supportive environment that can facilitate relatedness and better mental health among emerging adults. 相似文献
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Paul J. Ferraro 《Atlantic Economic Journal》2010,38(2):183-196
Economic analysis of asymmetric information typically starts with the assumption that individuals know more about their own
characteristics than outside observers. This assumption implies that individuals can accurately assess their own competence
in a given domain. However, individuals can only judge their competence if they are sufficiently competent. Results from field
experiments contradict predictions from economic theories that assume self-aware agents, but are consistent with predictions
from theories that incorporate a positive correlation between competence and self-awareness in a given domain. This correlation
explains some of the overconfidence observed among economic agents and implies a structure on decision errors that can be
exploited to make novel predictions in important areas of economics. 相似文献
10.
National parks and reserves are globally popular approaches to protecting biodiversity and the supply of ecosystem services.
Because these protected areas limit agricultural development and exploitation of natural resources, they are frequently opposed
in developing nations where reducing poverty is an important social objective. Conservation advocates argue that protected
areas can alleviate poverty by supplying ecosystem services, promoting tourism and improving infrastructure. Thus ‘win-win’
scenarios may be possible in which ecosystems and their services are protected and poverty is alleviated. Previous studies
(Andam et al. in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105(42):16089–16094 2008; 2010) suggest that Costa Rica’s protected area system reduced
deforestation and alleviated poverty. We demonstrate that these environmental and social impacts were spatially heterogeneous.
Importantly, the characteristics associated with the most avoided deforestation are the characteristics associated with the least poverty alleviation. In other words, the same characteristics that limited the conservation effectiveness of protected areas
may have improved the social welfare impacts of these areas. These results suggest that ‘win-win’ efforts to protect ecosystems
and alleviate poverty may be possible when policymakers are satisfied with low levels of each outcome, but tradeoffs exist
when more of either outcome is desired. 相似文献