Sources, uses, and forms of data in the new product development process

This paper presents qualitative and exploratory research investigating the role that managing knowledge and information plays in new product development (NPD). A set of 20 in-depth interviews uncovered eight basic types of information used throughout the NPD process and three general approaches to managing information needed in the NPD process. Although some exemplary companies seem to do an outstanding job of collecting and disseminating information, the majority of firms struggle. NPD process automation solutions tackle part of the problem, ignoring nonquantitative data forms and the full picture of information use throughout the entire development process.     

人民币升值后，我国银行业如何应对

人民币升值的真正含义 7月21日，中国人民银行正式宣布了人民币汇率制度改革的消息。顷刻间，市场舆论对此消息做了最有价值的简化，即“人民币升值了”，实际上，这种说法只是过度强调了改革的其中一项，也是最表面的一项。     

论马克思"跨越卡夫丁峡谷"思想的中国化

马克思关于“跨越资本主义制度卡夫丁峡谷”思想对东方落后国家在一定的社会历史条件下“跨越资本主义制度卡夫丁峡谷”而进入社会主义具有重要的理论指导意义。列宁把这个理论与俄国具体实际相结合使之俄国化；中共三代领导集体把这个理论与中国具体实际相结合使之中国化，并使“跨越资本主义制度卡夫丁峡谷”在中国由可能一步步走向现实。     

浅议汽车产品使用说明书的编写

从分析汽车产品使用说明书的现状入手，提出了关于制定汽车产品使用说明书的建议，并就怎样制定汽车产品使用说明书的标准或规范进行了探讨。     

现代企业制度下的内部控制机制研究

内部控制是企业为了提高会计信息质量，保护资产的安全和完整，确保有关的法律法规和规章制度的贯彻执行而制定和实施的一个控制系统。本文从我国企业内部控制中存在的问题，针对这些问题提出了相应的对策。     

“十五”期间我国沥青应用预测

介绍了沥青的生产和需求现状，并根据消费行为的情况对沥青的市场和价格走势进行预测，分析了国内沥青行业的存在问题。     

The “swing of the pendulum” from public to market support for science and technology: Is the U.S. leading the way?

The structure and financing of science and technology activities are undergoing a slow, but profound, change. This change can be briefly characterized as a shift from relying and supporting public science to a stronger emphasis on “market-based” incentives for science and technology. In this paper we analyze this shift in a historical perspective, discussing both the theoretical explanations and the empirical trends of the ongoing change. While we do not claim to provide a comprehensive and exhaustive identification of the causes of this shift, we argue that it is largely driven by the perception of a shift of the U.S. policy towards market-based, rather than publicly supported, incentives for science and technology. This, in turn—given the strong economic performance of the United States over the 1990s—has influenced policies in most OECD countries, especially in Europe.We conclude by analyzing the evolution of research in U.S. higher education and find two major trends: an increasing diversity in the number of institutions of different types other than universities and a steady and continuous public funding of the leading U.S. universities. This has allowed the construction of an infrastructure now used largely by the private sector, but it also noted that the United States has not compromised public support for core areas or in those fields in which there is a clear perception that market incentives are not sufficient for meeting the strategic targets of the U.S. policy. The implication is that there is a considerable policy diversity in the U.S. practice and that all aspects of this diversity should be considered when using the United States as a reference.     

论我国农业区域结构调整

我国农业区域结构中存在结构趋同，比较优势不能发挥，资源环境破坏严重等问题，产生这些问题的主要原因是市场经济不发达，宏观调控体系不健全等。这对全国农业统一大市场的形成，对建立社会主义市场体系是极炒利的。我们必须对我国农业区域结构进行合理调整。     

The application of Operation and Technology Roadmapping to aid Singaporean SMEs identify and select emerging technologies

In order to aid Singaporean SMEs identify and select emerging technologies for business benefit, a modified process of the Cambridge T-Plan methodology has been introduced and applied to a pilot sample of 30 companies in a variety of manufacturing sectors. This fast and simple process takes the company through five key steps to enable them to create their first Operation and Technology Roadmap (OTR). The paper explains the background to the approach and focuses on the initial benefits identified by a survey of the pilot companies.     

A note on “Bed allocation techniques based on census data”

Capacity planning and resource allocation are crucial to the cost-effective delivery of health care services. In this paper, we present an analytic approach based on a modified version of the Holt-Winters multiplicative seasonality forecasting model to determine the frequency distribution associated with a hospital care unit's census. This paper is a follow-up to the census frequency distribution simulation model described in Lapierre et al. (Socio Econ. Plan. Sci. 33 (1999) 25). We demonstrate that our model can provide census frequency distributions equivalent to the simulation model of Lapierre et al. [1], but without the computational effort common to simulation models.