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1.
Sanoussi Bilal Jean-Marie Grether Jaime de Melo 《Review of International Economics》2003,11(2):253-267
The paper uses a three-factor (capital, low- and high-skill labor), two-household (low- and high-skill individuals), two-sector trade model to analyze the determinants of voter attitudes towards immigration under direct democracy, and to identify factors that would be coherent with both the observed increase in the skilled–unskilled wage differential and the stiffening attitudes towards low-skill capital-poor immigration. If the import-competing sector is intensive in the use of low-skill labor, and capital is the middle factor, an improvement in the terms of trade or neutral technical progress in the exporting sector leads nationals to oppose immigration of capital-poor low-skill households. An increase in income inequality is also likely to stiffen attitudes towards this type of capital-poor, low-skill immigration prevalent in Europe until recently. 相似文献
2.
Roger J. Volkema Jaime L. Manzano James Gaglione 《Technological Forecasting and Social Change》1991,40(1)
During the Reagan administration, the federal government mandated the use of cost–benefit analysis (CBA) for regulatory decisions involving $100 million or more. While the use of CBAs has increased, less attention has been given to CBA processes involving smaller expenditures (regulatory and nonregulatory). As the federal budget tightens in the years ahead, the need to make hard decisions about these policies, programs, and technologies will increase. This paper describes a CBA process developed for the Office of Strategic Planning of the Social Security Administration; it was designed to handle small-to-moderate expenditure decisions (or for preliminary estimates of larger undertakings). A sample CBA using this process is provided, along with a discussion of the lessons that were learned from an initial application. 相似文献
3.
Latin America stands out among different regions in the world for her high employment termination costs. To this contribute
both a high level of severance payments and the existence of overlapping benefits. The effectiveness of these protective measures,
however, is limited by the size of the informal sector, which, in turn, may be related to employment protection levels. Another
important limitation on the effectiveness of employment protection regulation is the often large transaction costs associated
with making good of law provisions for the worker. Equilibrium severance pay levels may thus be well below what law mandates
as evidence of low coverage rates and undesirable side effects is mounting, reform seems a critical policy issue. However,
this reform cannot focus exclusively on severance pay, but it has to incorporate other overlapping benefits, such as UISAs,
and advance notice. It also has to contend with a problematic political economy.
Jaramillo is a Senior Researcher at the Group for Analysis of Development, GRADE. Saavedra is with the World Bank. Authors
are grateful to Eduardo Nakasone for superb research assistance. They also wish to thank participants at the World Bank’s
International Workshop on Severance Payments Reform (Laxenberg/Vienna, 2003) for valuable comments. 相似文献
4.
Certain manuals and computer programs mistakenly identify the mean with the constant in Box-Jenkins time series models. In this paper, it will be shown that (a) the mean and the constant have different values in autoregressive models, and (b) they have an algebraic and graphical relationship. 相似文献
5.
We study the factors influencing the percentage of organic and fair trade certified coffee sold through a cooperative by growers of five cooperatives in Mexico. The percentage of coffee sold through the cooperative was used as a proxy of growers’ engagement with a cooperative. Using factor analysis and a fractional probit regression, we evaluated the proposition that the level of engagement can be explained by transaction cost economics, social norms and connections, and farmer and farm business characteristics. We found that farm size, uncertainty regarding cooperative time of payment to the members and cooperative commitment on price to be paid negatively influence the level of engagement. In contrast, asset specificity, relational commitment, and price have a positive impact on engagement. Our results may help cooperatives and policy makers to build strategies aiming to increase this level of engagement. This is relevant because lower grower engagement has been found to be positively correlated with weak performing cooperatives. 相似文献
6.
Csar Salazar Marcela Jaime Cristin Pinto Andrs Acua 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2019,63(3):593-619
This paper examines relationships between crop insurance and input technology decisions among Chilean wheat farmers. Using nationwide farm‐level data, a bivariate probit model is estimated. We investigate the extent to which the adoption of production input technologies is associated with farmers’ participation in the insurance program. We find that relationships between insurance and technology decisions are significant only for family farmers. In particular, there is a negative relationship between participation in the insurance program and the adoption of modern irrigation. Interpretations based on the role of input technologies on insurance adoption and adverse selection behaviours are discussed. 相似文献
7.
Marta Peris‐Ortiz Carlos Rueda‐Armengot Ignacio Gil Pechun 《Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l\u0027Administration》2012,29(3):231-241
The job classification literature has been dominated by a micro‐level orientation reflective of the needs of specialists in human resources. In contrast, we take a multidisciplinary approach involving both micro‐ and macro‐level variables to propose a relatively simple system comprised of four job classes. Our model isintended to inform management as to the type and mix of controls (e.g., centralization, formalization, and various human resources policies) that could be applied to different job types to optimally promote the overall goals of the organization. Fuzzy numbers analysis is employed to illustrate the application of the system using four jobs in a car dealership in Spain. Copyright © 2012 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
In this introduction to our special issue, we will first seek to discuss the extent to which recent expatriation research and literature is still subject to earlier criticisms. Second, we will discuss the future research needs concerning the theme of this special issue, international careers, briefly reviewing the dominating research theme within the international career context (i.e., the career impacts of international assignment) and suggesting some future research areas. After that, we will offer a particularly promising new avenue for future research: the new forms of international work. We will conclude by summarizing the articles for this special issue and illustrate how they fit within this new avenue. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
9.
The use of the same body of data to select a model and to estimate its parameters leads to an increase in the probability of committing a Type I error. Using a multinomial model of data mining, we show that as research experience increases, the probability of committing a Type I error decreases. 相似文献
10.
Margaret Ann Bock Marsha Read Christine Bruhn Garry Auld Kathe Gabel Georgia Lauritzen Y. Lee Judiann McNulty Denis Medeiros Rosemary Newman Susan Nitzke Melchor Ortiz Howard Schutz Edward Sheehan 《International Journal of Consumer Studies》1998,22(1):25-37
Abstract The objective of this research was to ascertain the gender-and ethnic-related factors that influence what one eats. This survey was conducted using a validated, pilot-tested questionnaire in 11 states and the District of Columbia, which were participating in the W-182 Western Regional Research project. The results indicated that the factors that influence what one eats differ by gender and ethnicity. Men were very much influenced by likes and dislikes, and by their spouse or significant other. Women were influenced by likes and dislikes, and health. Food likes/dislikes and concerns about health and weight were among the leading four factors for all ethnic groups. Food likes/dislikes were the top factor influencing what is eaten by 51% or more of Asians, Pacific Islanders, Caucasians and Hispanics. Concern about health was the top factor for 62% and 58%, respectively, of African Americans and Native Americans. 相似文献