TD-LTE抢占无线全新商机

如今,为了努力满足用户对移动数据日益增长的需求,大部分运营商的网络和频段都在满负荷运行。据相关数据显示,2010年用户每月使用的数据流量已经超过了5GB。由于数据增长的关键驱动因素——smartphone的普及率在全球仍低于20%,运营商预计用户每月使用的数据流量仍将继续增长。因此,如何充分利用自身的频谱资源、开发包括TD-LTE在内的不同技术选择的潜力,就成为运营商极为关注的重要课题。     

Welfare implications of growth under quotas

Using the standard trade model, it is shown that growth under quotas always improves welfare. This result is contrary to Johnson's (1967) result on the possibilities of immeserizing growth in the presence of tariffs.     

Middle‐income countries: trapped or merely slowing?

Since the turn of the century, growth has slowed in a number of middle income economies, giving rise to fears ‐ exacerbated by the financial crisis of 2008‐09 ‐ that they were entering a low growth equilibrium. A survey of the literature on the middle income trap suggests that it is difficult to rigorously identify countries that might be trapped; that in most cases growth appears to be regressing to a longer term normal and in East Asian economies remains at a respectable 5 percent to 7 per cent rate; that the research on the trap has yet to come up with a new growth model for middle income economies; and that policy recommendations on offer are of the generic variety applicable to virtually all economies, developed and developing.     

How justified is abandoning money in the conduct of monetary policy in Australia on the grounds of instability in the money‐demand function?

The role of money in the design and conduct of monetary policy has reemerged as an important issue in both advanced and developing economies, especially since the 2007 global financial crisis. A growing body of recent literature suggests that the causal relationship between money supply growth and inflation remains intact across countries and over time and that this relation is not conditional on the stability of the money‐demand function or whether money is endogenous or exogenous. Moreover, critical for a rule‐based monetary policy is the presence of a long‐run stable money‐demand function, rather than a short‐run money‐demand model that may exhibit instability for many reasons, including problems with estimating a money‐demand model with high‐frequency data. Provided that a stable money‐demand function exists, it could be useful to establish long‐run equilibrium relations among money, output, prices, and exchange rates, as the classical monetary theory suggests. Within this analytical framework, this paper addresses the question of whether money has any role in the conduct of monetary policy in Australia. The conventional wisdom is that the money‐demand function in Australia has been unstable since the mid‐1980s due to financial deregulation and reforms; this led to a change in the strategy of monetary policy for price stability in the form of inflation targeting that ignores money insofar as inflation and its control are concerned. This paper reports empirical findings for Australia, obtained from a longer quarterly data series over the period 1960Q1–2015Q1, which suggest that instability in the narrow‐money‐demand function in Australia was primarily due to the exclusion of variables which have become important in the deregulated environment since the 1980s. These findings are confirmed by an expanded form of the narrow‐money‐demand function that was found stable over the past two decades, although it experienced multiple structural breaks over the study period. The paper draws the conclusion that abandoning the monetary aggregate as an instrument of monetary policy in Australia, under a rule‐based monetary policy such as inflation targeting, cannot be justified by instability in the money‐demand function or even by lack of a causal link between money supply growth and inflation.     

Modelling of narrow money demand in Australia: an ARDL cointegration approach, 1970–2009

Using annual data for the period 1970?C2009, this paper deploys the ARDL cointegration approach to determine whether there exists an economically meaningful, stable narrow money demand relationship in Australia. The statistical results suggest the presence of a long-run equilibrium relationship between real narrow money balances, real income, a representative domestic interest rate (e.g., the yield on Australian government short-term bonds) and the nominal effective exchange rate of the Australian dollar. The statistical tests suggest no significant instability in the narrow money demand relationship despite financial deregulation and innovation in Australia since the early 1980s. In contrast, the paper reports statistical results which suggest no meaningful, stable broad money demand relationship in Australia over the sample period.     

Impact of the global financial crisis on Islamic and conventional stocks and bonds

This study explores the impact of the global financial crisis (GFC) on Islamic and conventional stock and bond indices in 11 Islamic and eight non‐Islamic countries. We find that there are benefits of Islamic stocks during the GFC, particularly during the early stage of the crisis because Islamic institutions are prohibited from holding sub‐prime mortgage securities and derivatives. The strongest benefits of Islamic stocks are in the UK and USA. We conclude that there are benefits of risk reduction and stability for Islamic stocks during a financial crisis, although not necessarily during a global recession.     

Nature of technology and location effects on firm performance in the US medical device industry

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the location effects on firm performance (sales, employment and market value) by analyzing geographical and technological proximities in the US medical device industry. The nature of technology is introduced as a new way to scrutinize the impact of various proximities, and the findings indicate that the geographical and technological proximity in itself does not affect performance, whereas the spatially-mediated technological proximity, characterized by the technological proximity within a cluster, positively influences the performance of medical device firms. The paper addresses an important theoretical question. It consequently contributes to the effects of different proximities and nature of technology on firm performance and provides relative managerial implications interlocked with insights obtained from the medical industry.     

Reprint of: Stock salience and the asymmetric market effect of consumer sentiment news

We document asymmetric announcement effects of consumer sentiment news on United States stock and stock futures markets. While a negative market effect occurs upon the release of bad sentiment news, there is no market reaction for the counterpart good news. This supports the “negativity effect” hypothesis. Notably, this effect seems most likely to occur in salient stocks, which is consistent with the availability heuristic.