Mapping the consumer‐subject in advertising

Traditionally marketing communication‐or more specifically advertising‐has been framed in terms of products/ services, needs and wants of consumers as if these were real givens, existing independently of the forms and acts of marketing communication itself. From this perspective, advertising is merely seen as a purveyor of information about products/services/needs between producers and consumers but hardly as actively implicated in shaping, not only the relation between the processes of production and those of consumption, but also the conception of the consumer‐subject. This paper makes a brief diachronic account of advertising with a view to highlighting how the consumer‐subject is represented. Whereas early advertising conceives of the consumer‐subject as a “rational” decision‐maker, aware of its needs and desire, more recent advertising constitutes the consumer‐subject in a hyperreal, dream‐like world, which seduces and spellbinds it.     

An exploratory study of organizational flexibility in Malaysia: a research note

This note reports on an exploratory study examining the relationships between rules on employee behaviour and on management discretion and other aspects of organizations in Malaysia. Using the data from thirty-five Malaysian organizations, the authors highlight the differences between the implications of the rules for the two groups and their relationships with company performance.     

The Growing Relationship Between China and Sub-Saharan Africa: Macroeconomic, Trade, Investment, and Aid Links

China's economic ascendance over the past two decades has generatedripple effects in the world economy. Its search for naturalresources to satisfy the demands of industrialization has ledit to Sub-Saharan Africa. Trade between China and Africa in2006 totaled more than $50 billion, with Chinese companies importingoil from Angola and Sudan, timber from Central Africa, and copperfrom Zambia. Demand from China has contributed to an upwardswing in prices, particularly for oil and metals from Africa,and has given a boost to real GDP in Sub-Saharan Africa. Chineseaid and investment in infrastructure are bringing desperatelyneeded capital to the continent. At the same time, however,strong Chinese demand for oil is contributing to an increasein the import bill for many oil-importing Sub-Saharan Africancountries, and its exports of low-cost textiles, while benefitingAfrican consumers, is threatening to displace local production.China poses a challenge to good governance and macroeconomicmanagement in Africa because of the potential Dutch diseaseimplications of commodity booms. China presents both an opportunityfor Africa to reduce its marginalization from the global economyand a challenge for it to effectively harness the influx ofresources to promote poverty-reducing economic development athome. JEL codes: F01, F35, F41, N55, N57, Q33, Q43     

The monetarist versus the neo-Keynesian views on inflation: Some Italian evidence

This empirical inquiry investigates the relative merits of the monetarist and the neo-Keynesian hypotheses regarding the behavior of inflation in the Italian economy over the 1955–1983 period. Based on testing three alternative dynamic models that have been proposed in the literature, the empirical results support the monetarist proposition that unemployment has an insignificant impact upon inflation, a finding that is at odds with the neo-Keynesian hypothesis. Indeed, consistent with the monetarist hypothesis, the results suggest that the rate of monetary expansion is a prime determinant of the rate of inflation and its acceleration in Italy.     

Dependence and Stability of the Demand for Money in a Small open Economy: The Case of Côte-d'Ivoire

Abstract: This paper investigates the effects of foreign variables on the demand for money in Côte-d'Ivoire during 1970. I-1986. IV. In the model specification, we consider that Côte-d'Ivoire is a member of the Franc zone. Within the zone, the CFA Franc is pegged to the French Franc, but outside the zone or with the generalized floating system, the CFA Franc espouses the form taken by the French Franc against other major currencies. The model satisfactorily explains behavioral relationships under these two regimes. Domestic determinants of the demand for real cash balances are the real GDP, the expected rate of inflation, the degree of credit restraint, and expectations of economic instability. International influences are captured by foreign interest and exchange rates. Stability and causality tests indicate that the money demand relation has been stable over time and is highly influenced by foreign interest rates. Résumé: Le présent document étudie les incidences des variables extérieures sur la demande de monnaie en Côte-d'Ivoire de 1970. I à 1986.IV. Dans la spécification du modéle, nous considérons que la COcte-d'Ivoire est membre de la Zone Franc, mais hors de la Zone ou avec le systéme flottant généralisé, le Franc CFA adopte les formes proses par le Franc Francais par rapport aux devise fortes. Le modéle explique de manié satisfaisante les rapprots aux devises fortes. Le modéle explique de manié satisfaisante les rapprots de comportement sous ces deux régimes. Les facteurs déterminants sur la demande de bilans de trésorerie réelle sont le PIB réel, le taus d'inflation prévisionnel, le degré de pénurie de crédit, les menaces d'instabilitééconomique. Les influences internationales sont représentées par les intéréts étrangers et les taux de change. Les tests de stabilité et der cause à effect indiquent que le rapport de la demande de monnaie a éaté stable au fil du temps et est fortement influencé par les taus d'intérét étrangers.     

Corporate Data and Future Cash Flows

Abstract:   This article examines the ability of current accounting data to explain future cash flows for UK firms, as disclosed under FRS1 (1991). Rather than examining price data — from which cash flow implications have to be inferred — we follow the more direct approach used in several recent US studies, in which actual future cash flow data are examined. Specifically, our methodology is a development of the OLS regression framework employed by Barth et al. (2001) . We provide a replication of their main OLS analysis, and then extend this to deal with fixed effects and time trends in the levels of cash flow data. Our study finds that the disaggregation of earnings into cash flows and accruals, generates superior explanatory power with regard to future cash flows.     

The evolution of auditing： An analysis of the historical development

This paper aims to analyze the development of auditing. It is found that auditing has evolved through a number of stages. In the mid 1800s to early 1900s, the audit practice was considered as ＂traditional conformance role of auditing＂. However, for the past 30 years, the auditor has been playing an ＂enhancing role＂. Today, auditors are expected not only to enhance the credibility of the financial statement, but also to provide value-added services. Nevertheless, following extensive reform in various countries as a result of the collapse of big corporations, it is expected that the role of auditors will converge. It is evident that the paradigm about auditing has shifted over the years and it is likely to continue shifting in the future.