A cluster analysis of highly productive business and management education scholars

The authors examined the publications and impact of highly productive business and management education (BME) scholars across the business disciplines of accounting, economics, finance, information systems, management, marketing, and operations management. Results from a hierarchical cluster analysis revealed five clusters of scholars: leading BME Scholars, leading discipline-focused BME scholars, high-profile BME scholars, focused BME scholars, and recognized BME scholars. The article includes a discussion of findings and their implications for BME scholarship, future BME scholars, and business schools.     

WHO VOTES EXPRESSIVELY,AND WHY? EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE

Experiments have shown that some people behave more altruistically in collective decisions than they do in individual ones, which could be interpreted as an ‘expressive voting’ effect. However, there is substantial variation in the behaviour of experimental participants. We conduct experiments to explore the reasons for this variation, and find that certain characteristics are sometimes associated with a propensity for expressive voting. However, the strength of these effects depends on the ordering of individual and collective choices. The ‘warm glow’ of expressive voting can influence subsequent individual decisions, and the ‘cold shower’ of individual selfishness can influence subsequent collective decisions.     

Does trust extend beyond the village? Experimental trust and social distance in Cameroon

In this paper we use experimental data from rural Cameroon to quantify the effect of social distance on trust and altruism. Our measure of social distance is relevant to everyday economic interactions: subjects in a Trust Game play with fellow villagers or with someone from a different village. We find that significantly more money is sent when the players are from the same village. Other factors that influence transfers at least as much as the same-village effect are gender, education and membership of rotating credit groups. To test whether Senders are motivated by altruism, they also play a Triple Dictator Game. Senders transfer significantly more money on average in the Trust Game than in the Triple Dictator Game. However, there is also a social distance effect in the Triple Dictator Game. Results from a Risk Game suggest that Trust Game transfers are uncorrelated with attitudes to risk.     

The Emerging Position of the Internet as an Advertising Medium

This paper examines the emerging position of the Internet as an advertising medium. The nature and time path of its evolution is subject to considerable uncertainty arising from issues relating to expansion of the Internet's penetration of households; consumer demand for information; development of pricing policies and measurement capabilities; and its attractiveness to advertisers in different product/service categories. Our analyses of these issues suggest that its long-term impact on intermedia rivalry will be broad and substantial. The Internet is emerging as an adaptive, hybrid medium with respect to the factors hypothesized to affect intermedia substitutability, namely, audience addressability, audience control, and contractual flexibility. Possessing such capabilities, it looms as a potential substitute or complement for all of the major categories of existing media and appears capable of serving a wide range of communications objectives for a broad array of advertisers.     

US income taxation of new financial products

This paper discusses the response of the US federal income tax to financial innovation. Income taxation in the US and elsewhere has traditionally relied on distinctions, such as the difference between fixed and contingent returns, that can be undermined by new financial products. The principal tax law responses to innovative products have been: (1) transactional analysis, which aggregates or disaggregates new transactions to conform them to existing legal categories, (2) taxation of changes in market value, rather than realization events, (3) taxation based on an assumed formula, and (4) anti-avoidance administrative approaches.     

An assessment of the reliability and validity of husband and wife self-report purchase decision making measures

An assessment was made of the reliability and validity of self-report measures of three separate constructs hypothesized to operate in husband and wife decision making for durable goods purchases. In addition to the traditional construct of Influence, Importance, and Participation in the decision were also examined through the use of constant sum scaled responses for both husbands and wives. Following Davis’ (1976) admonition to focus on the decision process, the present study conceptualized the purchase decision as consisting of three stages with multiple subdecisions in each stage. The results of a multitrait-multimethod matrix analysis support the use of a constant sum scaling approach to measuring the three constructs. The findings also indicate the existence of two dimensions within the purchase decision process for the durable goods of automobiles and family room furniture. These dimensions were labeled resource allocation and variant selection decisions. The findings also suggest that importance is a global construct in decision making while influence and participation are more purchase situation specific.     

Judging quality by price,snob appeal,and the new consumer theory

Conclusion The analysis contained in this paper has served two purposes. First, it has demonstrated the richness of the new consumer theory by showing how this new approach can incorporate the questions of judging quality by price and price-snob appeal. And second, the paper has derived analytically the conditions under which these phenomena will yield a positively sloping demand curve in a two-commodity, two-attribute world.In traditional theory the consumer's response to a change in the price of a good is conceptually divided into an income effect and a substitution effect. The new approach to consumer theory partitions the consumer's response differently, namely, into an efficiency substitution and a utility substitution. When a general price attribute is introduced each of these divisions retains its individual validity. The conclusion that the efficiency substitution is always non-positive also remains valid. But, the traditional substitution effect may now be positive and of sufficient magnitude to make theentire response to an own-price changepositive,x _i /p _i >0. We have shown analytically, then, as the verbal discussions of traditional consumer theory lead us to believe, that judgment of quality by price and price-snob appeal can result in positively sloped demand curves.The research described in this paper was supported in part by the Econometric Research Program at Princeton University. The authors would like to thank Professors W. J. Baumol, O. Morgenstern, and R. E. Quandt, Messrs. F. D. Gately and R. J. Sweeney, and other members of the Seminar on Research in Progress, Department of Economics, Princeton University, for their helpful comments and suggestions. Of course, any errors that may remain are solely our responsibility.     

Utility functions for simple games

This note characterizes the Shapley-Shubik index and the Banzhaf index on the class of simple games as utility functions which reflect different postures toward risk.