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931.
Huayi Yu 《Frontiers of Economics in China》2010,5(1):25-51
Many theory and empirical literature conclude that house price can reflect economic fundamentals in the long-term. However,
by using China’s panel data of 35 main cities stretching from 1998 to 2007, we find that there is no stable relationship between
house price and economic fundamentals. House price has deviated upward from the economic fundamentals since government started
macro-control of the real estate market. We consider that the mechanism between the house price and economic fundamentals
is distorted by China’s real estate policy, especially its land policy. Meanwhile the policy itself is an important factor
in explaining the changes of China’s house price. Then we estimate the dynamic panel data model on house price and the variables
which are controlled by real estate policy. The result shows: land supply has negative effects on house price; financial mortgages
for real estate have positive effects on house price; and the area of housing sold and the area of vacant housing, which reflects
the supply and demand of the housing market, has negative effects on house price. We also find some differences in house price
influence factor between eastern and mid-western cities. Finally, we propose policy suggestions according to the empirical
results. 相似文献
932.
To study the house price dynamics in China, this paper extends the traditional life-cycle model by incorporating land supply, regime shifts and government regulation factors. The models are estimated with an error correction framework using quarterly data from 2000 to 2007 in Beijing. The conclusions are as follows. (1) There exits a stable co-integration relationship between house price and fundamentals; land supply and financial regimes are also important determinants of long-run equilibrium house prices. (2) Short-run dynamics depend on changes of fundamentals and the adjustment process of housing market. Land supply has a significant impact on house price fluctuations while demand factors such as user costs, income and residential mortgage loan have greater influences. The adjustment speed of real house prices to the long-run equilibrium has been reduced significantly since 2005 which means exogenous shocks can cause prolonged deviation of real house prices from the equilibrium level. 相似文献
933.
Meng Li 《Frontiers of Economics in China》2010,5(1):96-113
As Chinese economy system has been depended more on the import of petroleum with the development of China, the change in the
price of international oil have caused concern among economists and policy makers. This paper is to present a financial Computable
General Equilibrium (CGE) model of the Chinese economy which integrates real economy and financial sectors, and to apply it
to quantitatively evaluate the impacts on Chinese economy caused by international oil price changes. And the model endogenously
determines the exchange rate, covering fixed, partially flexible, and completely flexile exchange rate system to consider
the effect of foreign oil price changes from the point of view of macro and industrial aspects. Finally, this paper presents
concluding remarks. 相似文献
934.
Gesell taxes on money have recently received attention as a way of alleviating the zero lower bound on interest rates. Less known is that such taxes generated seigniorage in medieval Europe for around two centuries. When a Gesell tax was levied, current coins ceased to be legal and had to be exchanged into new coins for a fee. Using a cash-in-advance model, we analyze under what conditions agents exchange coins and the tax generates revenues. A low exchange fee, high punishments for using old coins, and a long time period between re-mintings induce people to use new coins. 相似文献
935.
We estimate a semiparametric dynamic panel data model by the local linear kernel method and we interpret the slope of the
nonparametric component function as a varying slope coefficient. Thus, the slope coefficient is a smooth, but otherwise unknown,
function of some of the regressors. A Monte Carlo experiment is reported to examine the finite sample performance of the local
linear estimator. We apply the estimation method to a labor supply equation for men from the triannual Survey of Income and
Program Participation (SIPP). Specification tests based on the estimated labor supply elasticities, partial adjustment coefficients,
and residuals demonstrate the improvements from a semiparametric partially linear model. Our empirical results point to a
need by economists to revisit the issue of the speed of labor market adjustment to policy induced shifts in labor demand and
to take more formal econometric account of heterogeneity in wage effects when studying the distributional consequences of
tax reforms for labor supply earnings.
First version received: July 2000/Final version received: January 2001 相似文献
936.
We analyze the impact of product diversification on performance. This topic has been discussed in the literature, and there
is no consensus so far as to the significance or the direction of the impact. Performance is measured using Tobin's q for
a sample of 103 large, non-financial Spanish firms (1992–1995). Diversification is measured by means of a categorical variable,
as suggested by Varadarajan. The principal results indicate that the firms with intermediate levels of product diversification
have the highest performance, while the firms with low and high levels of diversification show significantly lower performance,
which performance is not significantly different between them. 相似文献
937.
Summary. We discuss a competitive (labor) market where firms face capacity constraints and individuals differ according to their productivity.
Firms offer two-dimensional contracts like wage and task level. Then workers choose firms and contracts. Workers might be
rationed if the number of applicants exceeds the capacity of the firm.
We show that under reasonable assumptions on the distribution of capacity an equilibrium in pure strategies (by the firms)
exists. This result stands in contrast to the case of unlimited capacity. The utility level is uniquely determined in equilibrium.
No rationing occurs in equilibrium, but it does off the equilibrium path.
Received: December 29, 1999; revised version: November 30, 2000 相似文献
938.
Gabrielle Demange 《Economic Theory》2002,20(1):1-27
Summary. This paper defines and studies optimality in a dynamic stochastic economy with finitely lived agents, and investigates the
optimality properties of an equilibrium with or without sequentially complete markets. Various Pareto optimality concepts
are considered, including interim and ex ante optimality. We show that, at an equilibrium with a productive asset (land) and sequentially complete markets, the intervention
of a government may be justified, but only to improve risk sharing between generations. If markets are incomplete, constrained
interim optimality is investigated in two-period lived OLG economies. We extend the optimality properties of an equilibrium with
land and give conditions under which introducing a pay-as-you-go system at an equilibrium would not lead to any Pareto improvement.
Received: October 5, 1998; revised version: April 3, 2001 相似文献
939.
Summary. This paper considers a dynamic version of Akerlof's (1970) lemons problem where buyers and sellers must engage in search
to find a trading partner. We show that if goods are durable, the market itself may provide a natural sorting mechanism. In
equilibrium, high-quality goods sell at a higher price than low-quality goods but also circulate longer. This accords with
the common wisdom that sellers who want to sell fast may have to accept a lower price. We then compare the equilibrium outcomes
under private information with those under complete information. Surprisingly, we find that for a large range of parameter
values the quilibrium outcomes under the two information regimes coincide, despite the fact that circulation time is used
to achieve separation.
Received: August 24, 2000; revised version: October 24, 2000 相似文献
940.
Paul L. Hettler 《International Advances in Economic Research》2002,8(4):334-347
This article empirically examines the relationship between local fiscal conditions and the distribution of population within
a metropolitan area. Specifically, it is concerned with how central city policies may affect shifts of population to the suburbs.
This has strong policy implications especially for cities undertaking economic redevelopment programs, which may have spillover
benefits or costs to their surrounding suburbs. This analysis utilizes a panel of county level Census of Population and Census
of Governments data spanning 1960-90 to examine these issues. The results show that central city fiscal conditions are expected
to affect the relative size of an MSA's city and suburban population.
Some of the data utilized in this analysis were made available by the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social
Research (ICPSR). The data for County and City Data Book Consolidated Files, County Data 1947–77, County and City Data Book
Consolidated Files, City Data 1944–77, County and City Data Book, 1983, and County and City Data Book, 1988 were originally
collected by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Neither the collector of the original data nor the Consortium
bear any responsibility for the analyses or interpretations presented here. 相似文献