When Do Qualitative Risk Disclosures Backfire? The Effects of a Mismatch in Hedge Disclosure Formats on Investors' Judgments

Disclosure standards mandate the quantitative disclosure of hedging‐instrument‐related risks but not the disclosure of hedged‐item‐related risks. We examine how a match (mismatch) in formats, caused by making quantitative (qualitative) hedged item disclosures alongside quantitative hedging instrument disclosures, affects investors' integration of information from these two related disclosures. Our first experiment varies the hedged item disclosure format (quantitative or qualitative) and the portion of risk hedged (small or large). We find that when disclosure formats are mismatched, the less comparable nature of the two disclosures caused investors to neglect the offsetting relationship when assessing net risks. As a result, risk and investment judgments were influenced by the more prominent quantitative hedging instrument disclosures. Our second experiment finds that the use of a qualitative debiaser that clarifies the relationship between the two disclosures led to the integration of information and mitigated this effect.     

Estimating yield curves of the U.S. Treasury securities: An interpolation approach

Following the approach of interpolation, this paper proposes the multiple exponential decay model to fit yield curves for both the U.S. TIPS market and the conventional Treasury security market. Several estimation methods, including the unconstrained/constrained nonlinear minimization, quadratic programming, and the iterative linear least squares, are applied to estimate the unknown parameters according to different curve‐fitting purposes. Comparisons between the proposed model and the alternatives show that the multiple exponential decay successfully (1) adapts to a variety of shapes associated with yield curves, (2) (partially) keeps in line with the economic interpretations of Nelson–Siegel summarized by Diebold and Li ( 2006 ), and (3) dominates the competing models in curve‐fitting performance measured by mean fitted‐price errors over the sample period. In addition, the exact specification of a nonparametric interpolation model is pinned down by applying three statistical tools, which enable us to jointly take into account validity, optimality, and parsimoniousness of the proposed model.     

"红色管理"探析

"红色管理"是对中国共产党的管理理论、管理思想和管理方法的总结.在现代社会有许多组织独具慧眼,兴起了向中国共产党学习"红色管理"的浪潮.与此同时,"红色管理"理论体系也开始构建."红色管理"在现代社会的盛行有其独特的原因,它是中国管理现状发展的必然选择.但在借鉴"红色管理"的过程中应深刻领会和把握"红色管理"内涵,应紧密联系自身实际借鉴"红色管理",还应面向未来借鉴"红色管理".     

目前“信心”尤其重要

有人说,现在房地产业已经到了冬天;有人说,房地产业就在寒冬里;还有人说,房地产的冬天即将过去.前一个时期舆论的热点话题如"拐点论"、"百日巨变论"、"断供说",简直撑破了眼球.     

从儒家的普遍和谐观念看全球化中的文化冲突

“文明冲突论”是全球化引发的全球冲突在文化层面上的反映，是古老的“西方中心论”的产物；它把儒家文化看成是冲突的根源之一，这是一种明显的错误。儒家文化不但不是冲突的根源，相反却是化解冲突的重要思想资源，因为追求普遍和谐是儒家文化最高的思想境界；它所主张的“保和太和”、“和而不同”等思想观念，对化解全球冲突、共建和谐世界具有重要的意义和价值。     

以质量为本振兴企业

以质量为根本，全面提高企业管理水平，最终达到提高经济效益的目的。     

营销角度的特许经营及其竞争法上的思考

特许经营是一种新型的销售方式,作为企业分销系统的构成要素,能够起到降低风险,沟通生产与消费的作用。然而在实际经营过程中也会出现许多诸如指定购买与搭售、联合定价、独占经营等违反竞争法的问题。为适应不断变化的竞争形势,应从竞争法的层面上对其加以规制。     

审计风险模型探讨

在对审计风险的理解基本一致的前提下,通常认为存在着一个审计风险模型。教科书中的审计模型通常是这样的:审计风险=固有风险×控制风险×检查风险(或译“觉察风险”)。对于这个审计风险模型,曾经有过的争论集中于检查风险。作为学术争论的结果和表现形式,美国审计准则说明第39号《审计抽样》曾将检查风险分解为分析性检查风险和详细测试风险,英国审计实务委员会1987年推荐的审计风险模型则在检查风险后加上了“抽样风险”。尽管存在争议,但这一基本模型已经被美国的职业团体和学术界所认可。我国《独立审计具体准则第9号——内部控制与审计…     

中小企业板的推出对我国创业投资的影响

2004年5月，中小企业板在深交所获准设立，一时间，围绕中小企业板对创业投资运作影响的讨论空前热烈。笔者认为，要研究中小企业板对创业投资的影响，就必须从创业板和创业投资的内在机理出发，来研究中小企业板的制度安排是否能保证二者形成良性互动，关键的就是要研究中小企业板在制度上离一个成熟的创业板有多远。目前，学者和业内人士普遍对中小企业板的作用不甚乐观，而近一年来的实践也似乎验证了这一观点，因此，加强中小企业板的制度建设，使之尽快过渡为创业板，已经成了管理者的当务之急。     

无锡考古五十年

无锡的考古工作，新中国成立后才开始起步，从1953年无锡发现仙蠡墩遗址和宜兴周氏家族墓地发掘至今，已经整整半个世纪。五十年来，在省、市文物部门的领导下，经过几代文物考古工作者的不懈努力，无锡的文物考古工作取得了丰硕成果，发现了众多的古文化遗址的墓葬，极大地丰富和加深了对无锡历史文化的认识。