区域产业结构与就业结构的比较及启示——基于重庆市万州区和涪陵区的分析

产业结构和就业结构的变化反映出区域经济发展的资源分配结构及其发展进程和水平.分析发现,万州区与涪陵区在产业结构上都存在第一产业所占比重与其吸纳劳动力的比重不一致的现象,其中,涪陵区第二产业比重较大但吸纳劳动力能力较弱,而万州区第三产业吸纳劳动力能力要弱于涪陵区.两地应大力发展第三产业以改善就业结构,充分吸纳从第一产业转移出来的劳动力.     

Water as an investment: liquid yet illiquid!

The water industry is in great need of further large investments to address existing severe water shortages worldwide which requires the participation of private sector investors. This industry is heavily infrastructure based and is therefore saddled with fixed assets-in-place or illiquid assets. This exposes the industry to what is termed as ‘illiquidity risk’, and hence, investors in this industry should be compensated for bearing this risk with an appropriate return premium (i.e. extra return). In this study, we provide evidence as to whether illiquidity risk indeed significantly affects returns in this industry. We examine the case of all 76 firms that compose the five major global water indices. After controlling for other factors that impact on returns, our results suggest that asset illiquidity is positively associated with stock returns. Specifically, water firms with a larger proportion of illiquid assets-in-place are observed to have greater stock returns than those with a smaller proportion of illiquid assets. Our results have important implications for the financing of water-related projects particularly those which involve the participation of investors from the private sector.     

内陆水体叶绿素a遥感信息提取的研究现状与进展

叶绿素是反映水体富营养化程度的一个重要参数,遥感提取内陆水体叶绿素浓度是实现内陆水体富营养化动态监测的一个重要途径.内陆水体大部分属于二类水体,受人类活动干扰较大,富营养化严重,其复杂的水体光学特性增加了叶绿素遥感信息提取的难度.目前内陆水体叶绿素遥感信息提取取得了一定的进展,但提取的精度有待进一步提高,模型的普适性与稳定性需进一步研究.文章总结了近年来内陆水体叶绿素遥感提取所用的遥感数据源及其提取方法,分析了各遥感数据及提取方法的优缺点;讨论了目前内陆水体叶绿素遥感信息提取存在的问题并对研究进行了展望.     

增强科技意识创新科技管理

文章系统总结了扎赉诺尔煤业公司供暖公司依靠科技进步提高企业素质的经验。     

长江经济带人才集聚水平测度及时空演变研究——基于价值链视角

基于价值链视角,构建涵盖人才资源在区域空间层面集聚生成、地区配置、效能产出3个维度在内的区域人才集聚水平评价指标体系,采用专家咨询AHP-信息熵组合赋权法构建综合评价模型和耦合协调度模型,对2010—2018年长江经济带沿线省市人才集聚水平进行测度与时空演化特征分析。结果表明,就长江经济带整体而言,考察期内地区人才集聚水平总体呈现逐年上升态势,但仍处于低水平状态;沿线省市人才集聚水平差异显著,缩小趋势渐缓,整体呈现局部高水平、全局低效率的不利境况;各省市人才集聚水平关键维度的耦合协调度整体呈显著波动递增态势,但内部耦合协调度存在不平衡发展问题,影响地区人才集聚水平整体提升。为提升长江经济带人才集聚水平,推进沿线地区协调发展,需强化区域人才合作机制,采取差别化精准策略破解沿线地区人才集聚低水平、不协调的短板因素。     

Using patent analysis to establish technological position: Two different strategic approaches

Discussions on business strategy formation in the past 50 years can be separated into two categories: the inside-out and the outside-in approach. Technology is a critical factor when manager formulate their business strategy, and patents have served as an important indicator of technology. A patent portfolio can be used to understand the capabilities of a firm, as an inside resource pattern; and the patent citation of firms can be used to find the relationship of a firm, as an outside dependency. This study uses patent information to establish an effective model for the technological position of business methods. The 5 by 6 matrix was generated and four situations between firms were induced. Researchers and managers can use that matrix and situations to recognize the real competitors or cooperators, and formulate the technological strategies which include competition, cooperation, or complementary cooperation.     

The effects of interorganizational governance on supplier's compliance with SCC: An empirical examination of compliant and non-compliant suppliers

Often, there is a huge gap between the requirements of the Supplier Codes of Conduct (SCC) imposed by buyers from advanced economies and actual compliance with SCC in developing countries. It is difficult for reseachers to reach suppliers who have violated SCC, especially within a large sample, because few disclose SCC violations to the public. In this paper, however, we identified 108 non-compliant Chinese apparel and textile suppliers. Through the investigation of these non-compliant suppliers and their compliant peers, this paper tests the impacts of antecedent factors (price pressure, production complexity, and contract duration) and buyer's governance mechanisms (peer-to-peer and buyer-to-supplier) on the likelihood of a supplier's compliance with SCC. While the buyer-to-supplier governance does not show significant effects, the peer-to-peer governance demonstrates the likelihood of supplier's commitment to SCC. This research reveals that if buyer's governance efforts move away from threat and toward cooperation, supplier's compliance with SCC could be more sustainable.     

论知识密集型产业无形资产的内部审计

目前知识密集型产业已经成为我国社会经济新的增长点.无形资产作为该产业先进的生产力要素,对其审计监督的观念将发生根本性的转变.将无形资产这种至关产业生存发展的资源纳入内部审计的范围是审计发展的必然趋势.研究分析知识密集型产业无形资产管理中内部审计需要关注的重点领域,可知只有充分发挥内部审计对知识密集型产业无形资产重点领域的再控制职能,才能提高无形资产运作效率.     

Do Borrowers Make Rational Choices on Points and Refinancing?

Utilizing individual mortgage data, we find that borrowers with points are less likely to refinance, and when they do, they take longer to refinance. This finding supports the separating equilibrium prediction of earlier studies that borrowers with higher (lower) refinancing costs self‐select into mortgages with higher‐point/lower‐rate (lower‐point/higher‐rate) loans.     

质量管理数据分析的思考

数据分析是精确分析质量管理现状的科学方法,也是质量管理实现持续改进的有效途径。本文对如何开展质量管理的数据分析工作进行了初步探讨。